Recognizability and timing of infant vocalizations relate to fluctuations in heart rate.

For human infants, producing recognizable speech is more than a cognitive process. It is a motor skill that requires infants to learn to coordinate multiple muscles of varying functions across their body. This coordination is directly linked to ongoing fluctuations in heart rate; a physiological process that can scaffold behavior.

A Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST) and a Pseudocyst of the Pancreas: A Peculiar Case of Both Co-existing in the Same Patient.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, typically originating from the interstitial cells of Cajal. The clinical presentations are variable according to their size and shape but rarely present as a palpable abdominal mass. Pancreatic pseudocysts are common complications of chronic pancreatitis characterized by fluid collections surrounded by a non-epithelialized wall of fibrous and granulation tissue.

Bundle approach in emergency surgery for prevention of surgical site infections: a double-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Many studies have demonstrated significant antibiotic resistance by commonly isolated organisms. This is an eye-opener for the clinicians, who prescribe antibiotics day in and out. This situation shifts our attention towards the usage of antiseptic measures, which can at times play an important role in preventing and treating various infections.

Infant-directed song potentiates infants' selective attention to adults' mouths over the first year of life.

The mechanisms by which infant-directed (ID) speech and song support language development in infancy are poorly understood, with most prior investigations focused on the auditory components of these signals. However, the visual components of ID communication are also of fundamental importance for language learning: over the first year of life, infants' visual attention to caregivers' faces during ID speech switches from a focus on the eyes to a focus on the mouth, which provides synchronous visual cues that support speech and language development. Caregivers' facial displays during ID song are highly effective for sustaining infants' attention.

Laparoscopic Remnant Cholecystectomy With CBD Exploration: A Tertiary Center Experience.

Background: After partial cholecystectomy, the remnant gallbladder can become symptomatic requiring surgical intervention. This study aims at assessing feasibility and safety of laparoscopic remnant cholecystectomy with common bile duct (CBD) exploration in patients having remnant gallbladder stones with choledocholithiasis.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective observational study includes data obtained over a period of 10 years, from 2010 to 2020, in 2 tertiary care centers performing advanced laparoscopic surgery.

Laparoscopic hepaticojejunostomy for benign biliary stricture: A case series of 16 patients at a tertiary care centre in India.

Background: Gallstone disease is common in India, and since primary management involves surgery, it is one of the most commonly performed surgeries by a general surgeon either laparoscopically or open. There are various factors which are responsible for intra- and post-operative complications. These factors result in significant injuries which cause serious post-operative complications.

Comparison of surgical outcome between conventional laparoscopic cystogastrostomy method and plication of the edge of anterior gastrotomy in patients with pancreatic pseudocyst: A retrospective study at two tertiary care centres.

Background: In retro-gastric Pancreatic pseudocyst (PP) Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy (LCG) is an established procedure of drainage.

Aims And Objectives: To compare surgical outcome between laparoscopic cysto-gastrostomy conventional method and plication of the edge of anterior gastrotomy in patients of pancreatic pseudocyst.

Materials And Methods: Twenty six patients were underwent LCG from 2010-2020 by a single surgeon.

Transgastric submucosal excision of small- to medium-sized gastrointestinal stromal tumours by pure minimally invasive approach.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of a single and common approach for transgastric submucosal excision of small- to medium-sized gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) having different locations in upper two-third of the stomach by pure minimally invasive approach.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study from February 2012 to January 2015 on 11 patients was conducted including both male and female. Their age ranged from 40 to 65 years.

Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator Surgery: A safe and novel minimal invasive procedure in treating varicose veins in 2 trimester of pregnancy for below knee perforator incompetence.

Aim:: Aim of this study is to evaluate the results of Subfascial Endoscopic Perforator Surgery(SEPS) in treating varicose veins in 2 trimester of pregnancy for below knee perforator incompetence.

Materials And Methods: A case series was undertaken at our institute from the period January 2010 to January 2014 on 45 pregnant women. Pregnant women with failed conservative management for varicose veins were subjected to SEPS in 2 trimester Perioperative parameters like operative time, intraoperative complications, post-operative complications, hospital stay, pain relief, ulcer healing duration and recurrence rate were studied.

Laparoscopic retrieval of impacted Dormia basket.

For choledocholithiasis, endoscopic management is the first line of treatment. Both Dormia basket and balloon catheter are used to retrieve common bile duct (CBD) stones. Here we present a case of impaction of the Dormia basket during an endoscopic procedure.

Laparoscopic management of hydatid cyst in the lesser sac.

Hydatid cyst is a disease caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Various anatomical location of hydatid cyst has been described in literature. Liver is the most common site of hydatid cyst and lungs are the second most common site.

Randomised study on single stage laparo-endoscopic rendezvous (intra-operative ERCP) procedure versus two stage approach (Pre-operative ERCP followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy) for the management of cholelithiasis with choledocholithiasis.

Introduction: The 'Rendezvous' technique consists of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) standards with intra-operative cholangiography followed by endoscopic sphincterotomy. The sphincterotome is driven across the papilla through a guidewire inserted by the transcystic route. In this study, we intended to compare the two methods in a prospective randomised trial.

Early rehabilitation after surgery program versus conventional care during perioperative period in patients undergoing laparoscopic assisted total gastrectomy.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of early rehabilitation after surgery program (ERAS) in patients undergoing laparoscopic assisted total gastrectomy.

Materials And Methods: This is a study where 47 patients who are undergoing lap assisted total gastrectomy are selected. Twenty-two (n = 22) patients received enhanced recovery programme (ERAS) management and rest twenty-five (n = 25) conventional management during the perioperative period.

Laparoscopic longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy using cystoscope and endoscopic basket for clearance of head and tail stones.

Aim: Our aim was to study the results of laparoscopic pancreaticojejunostomy using cystoscope and endoscopic basket for clearance of stones in both the head and tail region.

Materials And Methods: Twelve patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) underwent laparoscopic longitudinal pancreaticojejunostomy (LPJ) in our unit. Patients' ages ranged between 19 and 45 years.

Gardner's syndrome, a rare combination in surgical practice.

A 45-year-old man presented to the emergency ward with features of intestinal obstruction of 2 days duration. On admission, there was abdominal distension and multiple sessile polyps found on digital rectal examination. In addition, a soft tissue swelling near the elbow and a bony swelling over scalp were noted.

Use of rigid tubal ligation scope: Serendipity in laparoscopic common bile duct exploration.

Aim: To assess the feasibility, safety of rigid tubal ligation scope in laparoscopic common bile duct (CBD) exploration.

Materials And Methods: Rigid nephroscope was used for laparoscopic CBD exploration until one day we tried the same with the rigid tubal ligation scope, which was passed easily into CBD both proximally and distally visualising the interior of the duct for presence of stone that were removed using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) basket. This serendipity led us to use this scope for numerous patients from then on.

A single centre comparative study of laparoscopic mesh rectopexy versus suture rectopexy.

Aim: The aim of our study is to compare the results of laparoscopic mesh vs. suture rectopexy.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 70 patients including both male and female of age ranging between 20 years and 65 years (mean 42.

Acute Dilatation, Ischemia, and Necrosis of Stomach without Perforation.

Acute gastric dilatation can have multiple etiologies which may lead to ischemia of the stomach. Without proper timely diagnosis and treatment, potentially fatal events such as gastric perforation, haemorrhage, and other serious complications can occur. Here we present a 36-year-old man who came to the casualty with pain abdomen and distension for 2 days.

Transverse colon perforation due to carcinoma rectum: an unusual presentation against Laplace's law.

We present a case of distal large bowel obstruction, in the setting of a competent ileocaecal valve, the caecum is the most common site of perforation (for Laplace's law). We describe a case of obstruction at the rectum due to constricting carcinomatous growth, presenting with perforation of transverse colon (against Laplace's law). A 60-year-old women presented to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain.

Primary amelanotic melanoma of the rectum mimicking adenocarcinoma.

Patient: Male, 55 FINAL DIAGNOSIS: Melanoma Symptoms: Worsening constipation • tenesmus • weight loss

Medication: - Clinical Procedure: Chemoradiation therapy Specialty: Oncology.

Objective: Challenging differential diagnosis.

Background: Malignant melanoma is usually readily diagnosed by the presence of melanin granules.

Fracture penis: a case more heard about than seen in general surgical practice.

A 36-year-old man presented to the emergency department with a history of trauma to genitalia during intercourse. The patient reported the forceful collision between his penis and the bed and audible clicking sound with swollen penis thereafter. On examination, the genitalia was swollen with an 'S' shaped deformity.

Retrograde jejunogastric intussusception with jejunojejunal intussusception (double telescoping).

A 55-year-old woman presented with features of gastric outlet obstruction not responding to conservative treatment at a peripheral hospital. She had gastric surgery 15 years before. On examination, there was a globular mass palpable in the epigastrium.

Polypropelene mesh eroding transverse colon following laparoscopic ventral hernia repair.

Polypropylene mesh when used in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair can produce the worst complication such as enterocutaneous fistula. We report an interesting case of incisional hernia operated with laparoscopic polypropylene mesh hernioplasty who subsequently developed an enterocutaneous fistula 1 month after surgery. A fistulogram showed dye entering into the transverse colon.

Duodenal perforation caused by a bird feather.

Ingestion of gastrointestinal (GI) foreign bodies represents a challenging clinical scenario. The greater risk is at extremes of age, in those wearing dentures, alcoholics and mentally handicapped. We present a case of duodenal perforation caused by a bird feather.

Stump stone 6 years after cholecystectomy: a possibility.

Calculi in the cystic duct remnant are one of the causes of postcholecystectomy syndrome. A 36-year-old woman presented thrice to the casualty department with right upper quadrant pain at an interval of 2 months every time. Ultrasound and CT scan of the abdomen was normal except for echoes in the gallbladder region may be clips.