Enhancing Gentamicin Antibacterial Activity by Co-Encapsulation with Thymoquinone in Liposomal Formulation.

Background And Purpose: Gentamicin (GEN) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that cannot be prescribed freely because of its toxicity. Thymoquinone (THQ), a phytochemical, has antibacterial, antioxidant, and toxicity-reducing properties. However, its hydrophobicity and light sensitivity make it challenging to utilize.

Methicillin-resistant prevalence in food-producing animals and food products in Saudi Arabia: A review.

In Saudi Arabia, the occurrence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in food and livestock represents a major public health hazard. The emergence of livestock-associated MRSA has heightened the risk of human infection with comparable virulence traits. The lack of information about MRSA transmission in our region hinders accurate risk assessment, despite its detection in food animals and retail foods.

Genomic insights into the diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of group B clinical isolates from Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Detailed assessment of the population structure of group B (GBS) among adults is still lacking in Saudi Arabia. Here we characterized a representative collection of isolates from colonized and infected adults.

Methods: GBS isolates (n=89) were sequenced by Illumina and screened for virulence and antimicrobial resistance determinants.

Gut microbiota composition in patients with Crohn's disease in Saudi Arabia.

Crohn's disease (CD) entails intricate interactions with gut microbiome diversity, richness, and composition. The relationship between CD and gut microbiome is not clearly understood and has not been previously characterized in Saudi Arabia. We performed statistical analysis about various factors influencing CD activity and microbiota dysbiosis, including diagnosis, treatment, and its impact on their quality of life as well as high-throughput metagenomic V3-V4 16S rRNA encoding gene hypervariable region of a total of eighty patients with CD, both in its active and inactive state with healthy controls.

Comparative genomic analysis of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in isolates from patients and retail meat.

Introduction: is a significant human pathogen that poses a threat to public health due to its association with foodborne contamination and a variety of infections. The factors contributing to the pathogenicity of include virulence, drug resistance, and toxin production, making it essential to monitor their prevalence and genetic profiles. This study investigated and compared the genomic characteristics of isolates from retail meat and patients in Saudi Arabia.

Clonal Flux and Spread of Isolated from Meat and Its Genetic Relatedness to Isolated from Patients in Saudi Arabia.

In this study, we investigated both meat-derived and methicillin-resistant (MRSA), exploring their genetic relatedness to patient-derived MRSA isolates in Saudi Arabia. We collected 250 meat samples and identified 53 isolates, with 79% being methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) and 21% being MRSA. Moreover, we included 80 clinically confirmed patient-derived MRSA isolates.

Molecular typing and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus clinical isolates in Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) has emerged as an important cause of severe infections in adults. However, limited data are available regarding the epidemiology of GBS in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: Isolates were collected over a period of eight months from colonized (n = 104) and infected adults (n = 95).

Assessment of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Potential of Lactoferrin Extracted from Camel Milk.

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional glycoprotein present in mammalian milk. It possesses antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and several biological functions. Owing to the current trend of increasing antibiotic resistance, our study was designed to purify lactoferrin from camel milk colostrum using cation exchange chromatography on the SP-Sepharose high-performance column.

Reduction of biofilm formation of Escherichia coli by targeting quorum sensing and adhesion genes using the CRISPR/Cas9-HDR approach, and its clinical application on urinary catheter.

Background: Escherichia coli is a common cause of biofilm-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs). Biofilm formation in E. coli is responsible for various indwelling medical device-associated infections, including catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).

An Explorative Review on Advanced Approaches to Overcome Bacterial Resistance by Curbing Bacterial Biofilm Formation.

The continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens evoked the development of innovative approaches targeting virulence factors unique to their pathogenic cascade. These approaches aimed to explore anti-virulence or anti-infective therapies. There are evident concerns regarding the bacterial ability to create a superstructure, the biofilm.

A converged approach of electro-biological process for decolorization and degradation of toxic synthetic dyes.

Being one of the leading industries worldwide, the textile industry has been consuming large quantities of groundwater and discharging huge volumes of dye-contaminated effluents into our aquatic environment. Augmentation of water sources via reuse of treated effluents is therefore highly necessary. In the present study, the decolorization and degradation of synthetic toxic dye from an aqueous solution were investigated through an electro-biological route.

Corrigendum: Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using on Carbapenem-Resistant and .

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Liposomal Formulations Containing Tobramycin and -Acetylcysteine against Tobramycin-Resistant , , and .

The antibacterial activity and biofilm reduction capability of liposome formulations encapsulating tobramycin (TL), and Tobramycin--acetylcysteine (TNL) were tested against tobramycin-resistant strains of , and in the presence of several resistant genes. All antibacterial activity were assessed against tobramycin-resistant bacterial clinical isolate strains, which were fully characterized by whole-genome sequencing (WGS). All isolates acquired one or more of AMEs genes, efflux pump genes, OMP genes, and biofilm formation genes.

Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using on Carbapenem-Resistant and .

Currently, the mortality rate in Saudi Arabia's ICUs is increasing due to the spread of carbapenemase (KPC)-producing bacteria. This study was carried out to evaluate the ability of biologically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using to overcome carbapenem-resistant (KPC) and . ZnO-NPs were synthesized a biological method and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Zetasizer and zeta potential analyses, x-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX).

Heavy Metals Induced Modulations in Growth, Physiology, Cellular Viability, and Biofilm Formation of an Identified Bacterial Isolate.

The release of untreated tannery effluents comprising biotoxic heavy metal (HM) compounds into the ecosystem is one of our society's most serious environmental and health issues. After discharge, HM-containing industrial effluents reach agricultural soils and thus negatively affect the soil microbial diversity. Considering these, we assessed the effect of HMs on identified soil beneficial bacteria.

Effect of Synergistic Action of Bovine Lactoferrin with Antibiotics on Drug Resistant Bacterial Pathogens.

: The multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogenic infection is one of the chief worldwide public health threat to humanity. The development of novel antibiotics against MDR Gram negative bacteria has reduced over the last half century. Research is in progress regarding the treatment strategies that could be engaged in combination with antibiotics to extend the duration of these life-saving antibacterial agents.

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from (L.) Extract to Overcome Carbapenem-Resistant .

Recently, concerns have been raised globally about antimicrobial resistance, the prevalence of which has increased significantly. Carbapenem-resistant (KPC) is considered one of the most common resistant bacteria, which has spread to ICUs in Saudi Arabia. This study was established to investigate the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) against KPC in vitro and in vivo.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using peels and evaluation of their antibacterial and cytotoxic properties.

The present work aimed to synthesis silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using biological waste products peels, its characterization, antimicrobial activities and the cytotoxic effect of the synthesized green AgNPs. Characterization of the prepared AgNPs showed the formation of spherical, and few agglomerated AgNPs forms as measured by UV-visible spectrophotometer. The average size of the prepared AgNPs was 59.

Influence of sanguinarine-based phytobiotic supplementation on post necrotic enteritis challenge recovery.

In the animal production industry, plant-derived antimicrobial phytobiotics are used as an alternative to antibiotics. Here we investigated the role sanguinarine-based phytobiotic in broiler recovery from Necrotic Enteritis (NE) infection. A total of 100 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to four treatments: negative control CTR (no challenge, no phytobiotic supplementation); positive control NE (NE challenged); phytobiotic SG (sanguinarine phytobiotic, 0.

Bacillus subtilis PB6 based probiotic supplementation plays a role in the recovery after the necrotic enteritis challenge.

In poultry production, birds are raised under intensive conditions, which can enable rapid spread of infections, with Clostridium perfringens-caused necrotic enteritis (NE) being one of the most devastating for the industry. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis PB6 probiotic supplementation on bird's post NE recovery, based on chicken performance, cecal microbiota composition, ileum histomorphometric measurements, and short-chain fatty acid production in the cecum of the birds that were challenged with NE mid-production. Birds were split into four groups, including a negative control, positive control challenged with C.

Organic acid blend supplementation increases butyrate and acetate production in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium challenged broilers.

The burden of enteric pathogens in poultry is growing after the ban of antibiotic use in animal production. Organic acids gained attention as a possible alternative to antibiotics due to their antimicrobial activities, improved nutrient metabolism and performance. The current study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of organic acid blend on broilers cecal microbiota, histomorphometric measurements, and short-chain fatty acid production in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium challenge model.

Antibacterial Efficacy of Non-Antibiotic Growth Promoters in Poultry Industry.

Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) have been used for many years as supplements in various livestock diets, including those for poultry. However, the use of AGPs in feed was also associated with an increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in livestock. In this study, the antibacterial efficacies of eight commercially available non-AGPs suitable for use in poultry were investigated.

Assessment of nosocomial bacterial contamination in dental unit waterlines: Impact of flushing.

Purpose: This study evaluated the extent of bacterial contamination in water from dental unit waterlines (DUWLs).

Methodology: Water samples were collected (before flushing, 1 min post-flushing, and 3 min post-flushing) from 24 clinics (Group A: no disinfection, Group B: citric acid disinfectant) of a Government Dental College. Bacterial counts, identification, antibiotic sensitivity tests, determination of endotoxin levels, and scanning electron microscopy (to confirm the presence of biofilm) were performed.