Single base substitution signatures 17a, 17b, and 40 are induced by γ-ray irradiation in association with increased reactive oxidative species.

γ-Ray irradiation induces DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and increases the risk of cancerization. Irradiated cells usually repair DSBs directly, but accumulate replication stress-associated DSBs, increasing the risk of structural variants (SVs). Although single nucleotide variants (SNVs) are also induced, it is still unclear which SNVs are induced by γ-ray irradiation.

Concerted Hydrosilylation Catalysis by Silica-Immobilized Cyclic Carbonates and Surface Silanols.

Developing a method for creating a novel catalysis of organic molecules is essential because of the growing interest in organocatalysis. In this study, we found that cyclic carbonates immobilized on a nonporous or mesoporous silica support showed catalytic activity for hydrosilylation, which was not observed for the free cyclic carbonates, silica supports, or their physical mixture. Analysis of the effects of linker lengths and pore sizes on the catalytic activity and carbonate C=O stretching frequency revealed that the proximity of carbonates and surface silanols was crucial for synergistic hydrosilylation catalysis.

Facile formation of barium titanium oxyhydride on a titanium hydride surface as an ammonia synthesis catalyst.

Oxyhydrides are promising compounds as supports for ammonia synthesis catalysts because they suppress hydrogen poisoning on the catalyst surface and enhance the ammonia synthesis activity. Herein, we developed a facile method for preparing BaTiOH, a perovskite oxyhydride, on a TiH surface the conventional wet impregnation method using TiH and Ba hydroxide. Scanning electron microscopy and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy observations revealed that BaTiOH crystallized as nanoparticles of 100-200 nm on the TiH surface.

Genome destabilization-associated phenotypes arising as a consequence of therapeutic treatment are suppressed by Olaparib.

Malignancy is often associated with therapeutic resistance and metastasis, usually arising after therapeutic treatment. These include radio- and chemo-therapies, which cause cancer cell death by inducing DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). However, it is still unclear how resistance to these DSBs is induced and whether it can be suppressed.

CO conversion to formamide using a fluoride catalyst and metallic silicon as a reducing agent.

Metallic silicon could be an inexpensive, alternative reducing agent for CO functionalization compared to conventionally used hydrogen or hydrosilanes. Here, metallic silicon recovered from solar panel production is used as a reducing agent for formamide synthesis. Various amines are converted to their corresponding amides with CO and HO via an Si-H intermediate species in the presence of a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium fluoride.

Echoed induction of nucleotide variants and chromosomal structural variants in cancer cells.

Generally, the number of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in somatic cells increases with age, which is expected for replication errors. The number of SNVs in cancer cells, however, is often much higher than that in somatic cells, raising the question of whether cancer cells possess SNV induction pathways. The present study shows that the number of SNVs in cancer cells correlates with the number of chromosomal structural variants (SVs).

A patient with a mucinous borderline ovarian tumor after fertility-sparing surgery in whom puncture fluid cytology on oocyte retrieval led to a diagnosis of recurrence.

The patient was an unmarried nulliparous 21-year-old female who was referred to our hospital with an abdominal mass. Bilateral ovarian tumors with a solid component were detected and both were suspected to be ovarian cancer. Since the patient strongly wished to preserve fertility, we performed left salpingo-oophorectomy, right cystectomy, and omentectomy.

Pregnancy in a patient with caudal regression syndrome following continent bladder reconstruction.

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) is rare congenital malformation, which is characterized by abnormal development of the lower end of the spine and complicated with neurodevelopmental disorders of vesico-rectal functions and the lower extremities. We report the case of a woman with CRS who became pregnant and gave birth following continent bladder reconstruction (CBR) for intractable urinary incontinence. A 25-year-old primigravida woman with CRS became pregnant naturally and was referred to our department.

Method for evaluating the performance of catalytic reactions using renewable-energy-derived materials.

Hydrogen produced by electrolysis using electricity derived from renewable energy sources has a fluctuating supply. However, conventional catalyst evaluation methods cannot evaluate catalyst synthesis assuming a fluctuating feedstock. This paper investigates a simple screening method for catalysts that can be used for renewable energy by using a combination of three catalyst evaluation methods: Light-off Performance, equilibrium achievement degree, and maximum ammonia concentration.

A parsimonious laboratory system for the evaluation of rat reaching task: recovery from the massive destruction of motor areas.

The rat reaching task is one of the best paradigms from behavioral study of upper limb movements. Rats are trained to reach and grab a pellet by extending their hand through a vertical slit. A few conventional imaging systems specific for the rat reaching task are commercially available with a high installation cost.

Rhodium-Iodide Complex on a Catalytically Active SiO Surface for One-Pot Hydrosilylation-CO Cycloaddition.

In this study, a novel Rh-iodide complex was synthesized through a surface reaction between an immobilized Rh cyclooctadiene complex and alkylammonium iodide (N I ) on SiO . In the presence of ammonium cations, the SiO -supported Rh-iodide complex could be effectively used for the one-pot synthesis of various silylcarbonate derivatives starting from epoxy olefins, hydrosilanes, and CO . The maximum turnover numbers (TONs) for the hydrosilylation reaction and the CO cycloaddition were 7600 (Rh) and 130 (N I ), respectively.

Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alkanes and Benzene Enhanced by Slurry-Phase Interparticle Hydrogen Transfer.

The dehydrogenative coupling reaction of alkanes and benzene has attracted attention as a method of direct conversion of alkanes to raw materials for useful chemical products. Here, we report the first combined catalyst system composed of hydrotalcite-supported palladium and solid acid aluminum-exchanged montmorillonite for the direct alkylation of benzene promoted by slurry-phase interparticle hydrogen transfer at 150 °C. The combination of the two catalytic particles showed excellent activity and achieved the maximum benzene conversion of 21% and target product selectivity of 84% in the reaction of -heptane and benzene.

The effect of a ruthenium precursor on the low-temperature ammonia synthesis activity over Ru/CeO.

Catalysts supported on CeO2 were prepared using various Ru precursors. The H2-TPR profile of the catalyst was obtained beginning at -70 °C for the first time, and a previously unreported reduction peak was observed at approximately 50 °C. The lower peak temperature was associated with a higher ammonia synthesis activity.

A Resin-Supported Formate Catalyst for the Transformative Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Hydrosilanes.

A heterogeneous formate anion catalyst for the transformative reduction of carbon dioxide (CO ) based on a polystyrene and divinylbenzene copolymer modified with alkylammonium formate was prepared from a widely available anion exchange resin. The catalyst preparation was easy and the characterization was carried out by using elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and solid-state C cross-polarization/magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance ( C CP/MAS NMR) spectroscopy. The catalyst displayed good catalytic activity for the direct reduction of CO with hydrosilanes, tunably yielding silylformate or methoxysilane products depending on the hydrosilanes used.

Direct Alkylation of Benzene at Lower Temperatures in the Liquid Phase: Catalysis by Montmorillonites as Noble-Metal-Free Solid Acids.

Alkylated benzenes are widely used as raw materials for the production of a variety of chemical compounds. Conventionally, they are obtained by the Friedel-Crafts reaction between alkyl halides and benzene. In this study, the synthesis of halogen-free alkylated benzenes was made possible by the direct alkylation of benzene with alkanes using montmorillonites as noble-metal-free solid acid catalysts.

Organic bases catalyze the synthesis of urea from ammonium salts derived from recovered environmental ammonia.

Ammonia from sewage and livestock manure is a major environmental pollutant. To consume environmental ammonia, we investigated the organic base-catalyzed synthesis of urea. 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.

Multifunctional Catalytic Surface Design for Concerted Acceleration of One-Pot Hydrosilylation-CO Cycloaddition.

Silica-supported Rh-ammonium iodide catalyst showed high performance for hydrosilylation-CO cycloaddition reaction sequences. The catalyst was prepared by surface grafting of Rh and the silane-coupling reaction of the ammonium iodide moiety. The acceleration of each catalytic reaction was realized due to the concerted catalysis between Rh species, immobilized organic functions, and surface Si-OH groups.

Development of an Iridium-Based Catalyst for High-Pressure Evolution of Hydrogen from Formic Acid.

A highly efficient and recyclable Ir catalyst bearing a 4,7-dihydroxy-1,10-phenanthroline ligand was developed for the evolution of high-pressure H gas (>100 MPa), and a large amount of atmospheric pressure H gas (>120 L), over a long term (3.5 months). The reaction proceeds through the dehydrogenation of highly concentrated aqueous formic acid (FA, 40 vol %, 10 mol L ) at 80 °C using 1 μmol of catalyst, and a turnover number (TON) of 5 000 000 was calculated.

CO2 Hydrogenation Catalyzed by Iridium Complexes with a Proton-Responsive Ligand.

The catalytic cycle for the production of formic acid by CO2 hydrogenation and the reverse reaction have received renewed attention because they are viewed as offering a viable scheme for hydrogen storage and release. In this Forum Article, CO2 hydrogenation catalyzed by iridium complexes bearing sophisticated N^N-bidentate ligands is reported. We describe how a ligand containing hydroxy groups as proton-responsive substituents enhances the catalytic performance by an electronic effect of the oxyanions and a pendent-base effect through secondary coordination sphere interactions.

Formic acid dehydrogenation with bioinspired iridium complexes: a kinetic isotope effect study and mechanistic insight.

Highly efficient hydrogen generation from dehydrogenation of formic acid is achieved by using bioinspired iridium complexes that have hydroxyl groups at the ortho positions of the bipyridine or bipyrimidine ligand (i.e., OH in the second coordination sphere of the metal center).

Incidental finding of the sternalis muscle on chest multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT): the diagnostic value of additional postprocessed MDCT images for an uncommon muscular variant.

We herein report two cases of incidental finding of the sternalis muscle in the right anterior chest wall on multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT). We emphasize the diagnostic utility and value of additional postprocessed MDCT images, which can be easily created using volume data sets of MDCT, in establishing an accurate diagnosis of the sternalis muscle, an uncommon muscular variant.

Fifteen trace elements in eluate from enameled cookware using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to clarify the effects of the following treatments on the elution of trace elements: water settling, 2 h boiling of water, acetic acid settling, and 2 h boiling of acetic acid in prebrushed enameled cookware, and the same four treatments after brushing the surface of enameled cookware.

Method: The eluate samples from enameled cookware subjected to the above eight treatments ware obtained, and the concentrations of the fifteen trace elements (B, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Cd, Sb, Pb, and U) were simultaneously analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Results: The concentrations of the fifteen elements eluted from enameled cookware were low or very low after the treatments.

Auditory motion information drives visual motion perception.

Background: Vision provides the most salient information with regard to the stimulus motion. However, it has recently been demonstrated that static visual stimuli are perceived as moving laterally by alternating left-right sound sources. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear; it has not yet been determined whether auditory motion signals, rather than auditory positional signals, can directly contribute to visual motion perception.

Preparation of catalytically active, covalent α-polylysine-enzyme conjugates via UV/vis-quantifiable bis-aryl hydrazone bond formation.

Covalent UV/vis-quantifiable bis-aryl hydrazone bond formation was investigated for the preparation of conjugates between α-poly-d-lysine (PDL) and either α-chymotrypsin (α-CT) or horseradish peroxidase (HRP). PDL and the enzymes were first modified via free amino groups with the linking reagents succinimidyl 6-hydrazinonicotinate acetone hydrazone (S-HyNic, at pH 7.6) and succinimidyl 4-formylbenzoate (S-4FB, at pH 7.

Visual motion perception induced by sounds in vertical plane.

The alternation of sounds in the left and right ears induces motion perception of a static visual stimulus (SIVM: Sound-Induced Visual Motion). In this case, binaural cues were of considerable benefit in perceiving locations and movements of the sounds. The present study investigated how a spectral cue - another important cue for sound localization and motion perception - contributed to the SIVM.