Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with ispilateral facial flushing is a new variant of paroxysmal extreme pain disorder.

Background: We encountered a 5-year-old girl who had short-lasting, severe, unilateral temporal headaches with ipsilateral lacrimation, nasal congestion and rhinorrhoea, and facial flushing after severe attacks. Family history revealed similar short-lasting, severe headaches in an older brother, younger sister, mother, maternal aunt, and maternal grandfather's brother.

Methods: We performed routine laboratory examinations and electrophysiological and radiological studies for three children, and whole-exome sequencing to determine the genetic causality in this family.

[Cephalic hypersensitivity syndrome].

The number of patients suffering from chronic headache accompanied by dizziness and cephalic ringing is gradually increasing. Pathophysiology of migraine has been commonly explained by trigeminovascular theory, although recent studies have suggested that the cause of the migraine stems from cortical hyperexcitability. We measured EEG in 1,000 patients suffering from daily headache accompanied by dizziness and cephalic ringing.

A case of SUNCT syndrome responsive to zonisamide.

Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) is a rare headache syndrome that represents a subtype of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia thought to be highly refractory to treatment. More recently, numerous anticonvulsant agents including lamotrigine, topiramate, gabapentin, and carbamazepine have been reported to be partially or completely effective for treating SUNCT. We report the case of a patient with SUNCT in whom symptoms were completely relieved with carbamazepine at 600 mg/day.

[An overview of the revised international classification of headache disorders (ICHD -II)].

The International Headache Society (IHS) revised The International Classification of Headache published in 1988. Old version has facilitated epidemiological and multinational clinical trials. Fifteen years after its original publication, a revised International Classification of Headache Disorders 2nd Edition(ICHD-II) has been unveiled in 2004.

[Coexistance of cluster headache and hemicrania continua: a case report].

We reported a 36-year-old man, who suffered from cluster headache (CH) associated with hemicrania continua (HC). The continuous, dull or pressure-type headache appeared on the same side of the CH during the third month of a prolonged cluster period, and fluctuated in the severity of pain. This headache was aggravated when the CH was ameliorated by the administration of lithium carbonate.

[Cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias: diagnosis and treatment].

Cluster headaches are characterized by strictly unilateral paroxysmal attacks of severe pain with associated autonomic sign and symptom. Prevalence is 5 times higher in men than in women in our cases. About 10-15% of patients have chronic symptoms without remissions, but we estimated less frequent in Japanese (6.

Postoperative seizures: epidemiology, pathology, and prophylaxis.

The risk of epileptic seizures after craniotomy is extremely important but the incidence of postoperative epilepsy varies greatly, depending on the patient's conditions such as primary diseases, severity of surgical insult, and pre-existing epilepsy. Animal studies suggest that neurosurgical insults lead to seizures by two different mechanisms: One mechanism is mediated by free radical generation and the other by impaired ion balance across the cell membrane caused by ischemia or hypoxia. Conventional antiepileptic agents such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, and valproic acid are promising for the prevention of early seizures, but the effect in preventing postoperative epilepsy is still controversial.