Association of infection with the development of diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis.

Previous studies have shown that helminth infection protects against the development of diabetes mellitus (DM), possibly related to the hygiene hypothesis. However, studies involving and its possible association with DM are scarce and have shown contradicting results, prompting us to perform this meta-analysis to obtain more precise estimates. Related studies were searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library until 1 August 2024.

Cryoablation Without Excision for Early-Stage Breast Cancer: ICE3 Trial 5-Year Follow-Up on Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence.

Background: The ICE3 trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of cryoablation in women aged ≥60 years with low-risk, early-stage breast cancers, aiming to provide a non-operative treatment option and avoid potential surgical risks. This study presents 5-year follow-up trial results.

Methods: The ICE3 trial is an Institutional Review Board-approved, prospective, multicentered, non-randomized trial including women ≥ 60 years of age with unifocal, ultrasound visible, invasive ductal carcinoma ≤ 1.

First report of Acanthamoebae spp. isolation from a volcanic mud spring in the Philippines.

Acanthamoebae spp. is considered highly adaptive. The present study aims to establish the occurrence of free-living amoebae, particularly Acanthamoebae, to exist in extreme environments such as volcanic mud springs.

'All Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children should have access to the ASQ-TRAK': Shared vision of an implementation support model for the ASQ-TRAK developmental screener.

Issue Addressed: The ASQ-TRAK, a strengths-based approach to developmental screening, has high acceptability and utility across varied Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contexts. While substantive knowledge translation has seen many services utilise ASQ-TRAK, we now need to move beyond distribution and support evidence-based scale-up to ensure access. Through a co-design approach, we aimed to (1) understand community partners' perspectives of barriers and enablers to ASQ-TRAK implementation and (2) develop an ASQ-TRAK implementation support model to inform scale-up.

A rapid review of implementation frameworks underpinning Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children's health and social care programs.

Objective: This rapid review aimed to identify (1) key frameworks and components underpinning the effective implementation of Health and Social Care (HSC) programs for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children; and (2) participatory and co-design frameworks guiding the implementation.

Methods: Four databases were searched for peer-reviewed English-language articles published between 2015 and 2021. The focus was on HSC models, frameworks, projects or services with an implementation focus for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 0-12 years.

Identifying and dismantling racism in Australian perinatal settings: Reframing the narrative from a risk lens to intentionally prioritise connectedness and strengths in providing care to First Nations families.

Introduction: The perinatal period is a time when provision of responsive care offers a life course opportunity for positive change to improve health outcomes for mothers, infants and families. Australian perinatal systems carry the legacy of settler-colonialism, manifesting in racist events and interactions that First Nations parents encounter daily.

Objective: The dominance of a western risk lens, and conscious and unconscious bias in the child protection workforce, sustains disproportionately high numbers of First Nations infants being removed from their parents' care.

Epidemiology of free-living amoebae in the Philippines: a review and update.

Free-living amoebae (FLA) are considered environmental pathogens and thus pose a public health threat. Their ubiquity in natural sources may magnify the potential severity of health outcomes in the future. However, less attention was given despite several probable public health risks that arise from the presence of pathogenic strains in the environment.

Factors affecting retention in the Philippine National Rural Physician Deployment Program from 2012 to 2019: a mixed methods study.

Background: To address the maldistribution of healthcare providers and the shortage of physicians in geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas of the Philippines, the Philippine National Rural Physician Deployment Program, or more commonly known as the Doctors to the Barrios (DTTB) program was established in 1993. However, as of 2011, only 18% of the DTTBs chose to stay in their assigned municipalities after their two-year deployment, termed retention. This study aims to identify the individual, local, work, national, and international factors affecting the retention of DTTBs in their assigned communities after their two-year deployment.

Cryoablation Without Excision for Low-Risk Early-Stage Breast Cancer: 3-Year Interim Analysis of Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence in the ICE3 Trial.

Background: The ICE3 trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of breast cryoablation, enabling women older than 60 years with low-risk early-stage breast cancers to benefit from a nonsurgical treatment and to avoid the associated surgical risks.

Methods: The ICE3 trial is a prospective, multi-center, single-arm, non-randomized trial including women age 60 years or older with unifocal, ultrasound-visible invasive ductal carcinoma size 1.5 cm or smaller and classified as low to intermediate grade, hormone receptor (HR)-positive, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative.

The 2018 Compensation Survey of the American Society of Breast Surgeons.

Background: There is limited compensation data for breast surgery benchmarking. In 2018, the American Society of Breast Surgeons conducted its second membership survey to obtain updated compensation data as well as information on practice type and setting.

Methods: In October 2018, a survey was emailed to 2676 active members.

Consensus Guidelines on Genetic` Testing for Hereditary Breast Cancer from the American Society of Breast Surgeons.

Background: The purpose of this consensus guideline is to outline recommendations for genetic testing that medical professionals can use to assess hereditary risk for breast cancer.

Methods: Literature review included large datasets, basic and clinical science publications, and recent updated national guidelines. Genetic testing to assess hereditary risk of cancer is a complex, broad, and dynamic area of medical research.

Performance and Practice Guideline for the Use of Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy in the Management of Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) sought to provide an evidence-based guideline on the use of neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) in the management of clinical stage II and III invasive breast cancer.

Methods: A comprehensive nonsystematic review was performed of selected peer-reviewed literature published since 2000. The Education Committee of the ASBrS convened to develop guideline recommendations.

What is a Breast Surgeon Worth? A Salary Survey of the American Society of Breast Surgeons.

Background: Breast surgeons negotiating employment agreements have little national data available. To reduce this knowledge gap, the Education Committee of the American Society of Breast Surgeons conducted a survey of its membership.

Methods: In 2014, survey questionnaires were sent to society members.

Shared decision making in breast cancer: national practice patterns of surgeons.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess national practices of surgeons who treat breast cancer in order to identify opportunities to improve patient education.

Methods: In June 2012, the membership of the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) (n = 2,818) was surveyed via email questionnaire to evaluate their current practice of shared decision making and informed consent for breast cancer patients.

Results: A total of 737 members (26 %) responded, including 384 breast surgeons and 306 general surgeons, 13 midlevel providers, and 25 other specialists.

Vascular endothelial growth factor and not cyclooxygenase 2 promotes endothelial cell viability in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment.

Objectives: Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), often coexpressed in cancer, are associated with poor prognosis. However, results from pancreatic cancer trials of their inhibitors were disappointing. This study delineated the role of COX-2 and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in angiogenesis and VEGF regulation.

Artificially generated dendritic cells misdirect antiviral immune responses.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical to the outcome of many viral infections. Questions still remain as to the relevance of artificially generated DCs in models of in vivo immune responses. We compared different DC generation pathways, in terms of phenotypic expression, cytokine production, apoptosis, and T cell proliferation, following viral infection.

Effect of Lap-Band-induced weight loss on type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.

Background: Severe obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Improvement in these comorbidities after surgically-induced weight loss has been documented, and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is an effective weight loss operation.

Methods: Of 840 patients who underwent Lap-Band, data are available in 402 out of 413 patients whose surgery took place at >/= 1 year ago.

Survey of the diet of Pima Indians using quantitative food frequency assessment and 24-hour recall. Diabetic Renal Disease Study.

Objective: A dietary survey was conducted in the Gila River Indian Community in Arizona using two methods of dietary assessment--24-hour recall and quantitative food frequency (QFF) assessment--to determine the usual intake of the population.

Design: Interviews were conducted by Pima women who were trained and monitored by a research dietitian. Energy and nutrient intake were calculated using a computerized dietary database that included specific Pima foods.

Third place winner of the Conrad Jobst Award in the gold medal paper competition. Prevention of spinal cord dysfunction in a new model of spinal cord ischemia.

Paraplegia or paraparesis caused by temporary cross-clamping of the aorta is a devastating sequela in patients after surgery of the thoracoabdominal aorta. No effective clinical method is available to protect the spinal cord from ischemic reperfusion injury. A small animal (rat) model of spinal cord ischemia is established to better understand the pathophysiological events and to evaluate potential treatments.