Experience With Transcanal Endoscopic Ear Surgery and Preoperative Imaging in the Case of Persistent Stapedial Artery.

The persistent stapedial artery (PSA) is an exceedingly vascular anomaly that can lead to hearing loss or pulsatile tinnitus, yet its preoperative diagnosis is often challenging. We report the case of a 24-year-old woman with bilateral PSA and stapes ankylosis who presented with progressive bilateral mixed hearing loss. The patient was initially diagnosed with bilateral congenital stapes ankylosis and stapes surgery was performed on the left side using transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES).

A Three-Year Follow-Up of a Patient With Large Vestibular Aqueduct Syndrome Who Underwent Bilateral Endolymphatic Duct Blockage Surgery.

Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) is a congenital malformation characterized by an abnormally large vestibular aqueduct, diagnosed primarily via CT scans. Patients with LVAS often experience progressive hearing loss and recurrent vertigo, with treatment strategies mirroring those for Meniere's disease. Traditional surgical interventions such as endolymphatic sac decompression (ESD) are common; however, the efficacy of endolymphatic duct blockage (EDB) as an alternative still remains under investigation.

A Case of Bilateral Idiopathic Temporal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage With Multiple Fistulas in the Middle and Posterior Cranial Fossae Closed Using the Transmastoid Approach.

Although idiopathic temporal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are a relatively rare condition, its incidence has been increasing in the United States in recent years. Fistulas commonly occur in the middle cranial fossa (MCF), and the MCF approach is recommended for multiple or large fistulas. Here, we present a case of bilateral temporal CSF leaks and multiple fistulas.

A Pediatric Case of Cogan's Syndrome With Internal Otitis.

Cogan's syndrome is characterized by ocular symptoms and auditory vestibular dysfunction. Auditory vestibular dysfunction in Cogan's syndrome is believed to be similar to Ménière's disease, but the cause is not known in detail. We present the case of a 10-year-old boy with Cogan's syndrome.

Effect of lidocaine on salicylate-induced tinnitus in guinea pigs: A focus on the auditory cortex.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the intravenous administration of lidocaine in the auditory cortex after the systemic administration of salicylate. Healthy male albino Hartley guinea pigs were divided into two groups. The control group received only lidocaine, whereas the experimental group received lidocaine after checking for the effects of salicylate.

Update on pediatric tracheostomy.

Pediatric tracheostomy has been widely performed since the 1800s, and in recent years, with advances in neonatal medicine, it has been performed at younger ages, starting at 0. In addition, advances in surgical techniques and postoperative tube management have reduced complications. This review will discuss the entire process of pediatric tracheostomy, starting with the history of tracheostomy and ending with indications, contraindications, techniques (slit, Björk, EXIT), complications, tube management, and decannulation.

Indications of Effective Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Combined With Steroid Therapy for Sudden Hearing Loss.

Objective: This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) combined with steroid therapy to treat sudden hearing loss and examined the index associated with excellent therapeutic effect.

Methods: We included 109 patients with sudden hearing loss. Patients were divided into the HBOT combination group (59 sides) treated with HBOT and steroid therapy and HBOT noncombination group (50 sides) involving steroid therapy only.

Morphological relationships between external auditory canal and vital structures of tympanic cavity.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the morphology of the external auditory canal (EAC) using a three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of computed tomography (CT) scans of the temporal bone to corroborate and predict important anatomical structures involved in middle ear surgery based on the EAC morphology.

Methods: Temporal bone CT from 62 patients (120 ears) was used to perform 3D reconstruction (maximum intensity projection), of which 32 patients (60 ears) had chronic otitis media and 30 patients (60 ears) had normal temporal bones. The anatomical morphology of the EAC, tympanic sinus, vertical portion of the facial nerve, and jugular bulb were measured, and the anatomical relationship between the EAC morphology and important structures of the middle ear was analyzed.

Retraction notice to "Preclinical assessment of transplantable human nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets" [Regenerative Therapy 18 (2021) 59-65].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.

Cell sheet transplantation prevents inflammatory adhesions: A new treatment for adhesive otitis media.

Introduction: We developed a new treatment method that combines tympanoplasty with transplantation of autologous cultured nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets to regenerate the mucosa of patients with adhesive otitis media, which has been difficult to treat effectively. We verified whether this procedure could be performed safely and measured its therapeutic efficacy.

Methods: Autologous nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets were manufactured at a good manufacturing practice-compliant cell processing facility using autologous nasal mucosal tissue.

Anatomical Features Around Eustachian Tube in Eosinophilic Otitis Media With Eosinophilic Sinusitis.

Objectives/hypothesis: This study investigated the relationships between anatomical findings around the eustachian tube (ET) and eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) accompanied by eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS).

Study Design: This study employed axial, coronal, sagittal and oblique computed tomography.

Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery at the Department of Otolaryngology, Toho University Medical Center Omori Hospital and were diagnosed with ECRS (106 patients) based on the Japanese Epidemiological Survey of Refractory Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis study were included.

Preclinical assessment of transplantable human nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets.

Introduction: We previously reported a new cell transplantation therapy for patients with intractable otitis media using autologous nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets, manufactured using temperature-responsive cell culture inserts. The current study aimed to verify whether the transplantable cell sheets could be manufactured for application in clinical trials, according to standard operational procedures (SOP), in a cell processing facility (CPF).

Methods: Human nasal mucosal epithelial cells from four volunteer donors were aseptically cultured and transplantable cell sheets successfully manufactured, with reproducibility, using temperature-responsive cell culture inserts in the CPF.

Management of Intractable Petrous Bone Cholesteatoma With a Combined Translabyrinthine-Transsphenoidal Approach.

Objective: To evaluate whether a combined translabyrinthine-transsphenoidal approach can be used to achieve adequate surgical resection of an extensive petrous bone cholesteatoma and create a debris drainage route for the residual cholesteatoma that is maintained long-term.

Patient: A 71-year-old man with residual petrous temporal bone cholesteatoma that had spread extensively to the internal carotid artery and posterior cranial fossa.

Intervention: Surgical resection of the cholesteatoma via a translabyrinthine approach and creation of a debris drainage route into the nasopharynx via a transsphenoidal approach.

Non-echoplanar diffusion weighed imaging and T1-weighted imaging for cholesteatoma mastoid extension.

Objectives: A broad mastoid extension limits cholesteatoma resection via a transmeatal approach including endoscopic ear surgery. Therefore, a preoperative diagnosis of mastoid extension is a the most critical factor to determine whether to perform mastoidectomy. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of non-echoplanar diffusion-weighted imaging (non-EPI DWI) and T1-weighted imaging in the evaluation of mastoid extension in cholesteatomas of the middle ear.

Preoperative predictive criteria for mastoid extension in pars flaccida cholesteatoma in assessments using temporal bone high-resolution computed tomography.

Objectives: We aimed to clarify the usefulness of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and establish HRCT criteria for presurgical assessment of the mastoid extension in pars flaccida cholesteatomas of the middle ear.

Methods: Retrospective observational study. Patients who underwent primary surgery for pars flaccida cholesteatoma and those who underwent temporal bone HRCT for pretreatment evaluation were reviewed.

Nationwide survey of middle ear cholesteatoma surgery cases in Japan: Results from the Japan Otological society registry using the JOS staging and classification system.

Objective: This study was aimed to determine the characteristics of middle ear cholesteatoma and to investigate short-term outcomes regarding the rates of residual and recurrent cholesteatoma and the postoperative hearing results in Japan, via a nationwide survey using staging and classification criteria for middle ear cholesteatoma, as proposed by the Japan Otological Society (JOS).

Methods: The first-round survey was conducted in 2016. The target was patients with middle ear cholesteatoma who were surgically treated in Japan between January and December 2015.

Imaging Analysis for Cholesteatoma Extension to the Perilymphatic Space in Labyrinth Fistulae.

Objectives/hypothesis: Disturbed perilymph behind a labyrinth fistula can lead to hearing deterioration; thus, delicate manipulation is required during surgery for cholesteatomatous fistulae with matrix extension to the perilymphatic space (EPS). However, it remains challenging to identify the EPS preoperatively. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT) for preoperative prediction of the EPS of cholesteatomatous fistulae.

Congenital cholesteatoma assessment based on staging and classification criteria for middle ear cholesteatoma proposed by the Japan Otological Society.

Objective: We aimed to assess the clinical characteristics of extent patterns in congenital cholesteatoma, based on the Japan Otological Society (JOS) staging system.

Methods: This was a retrospective chart review that included 80 ears of 80 patients with congenital cholesteatoma who underwent primary surgery at a tertiary academic medical center. The main characteristics and outcomes reviewed were sex, age, clinical background, surgical method, and stage classification according to two staging classifications: the criteria advocated by JOS and Potsic staging system.

The impact of middle ear aeration on surgical outcome after intact canal wall tympanoplasty for cholesteatoma.

Objective: The aeration status of the middle ear is presumed to be one of the factors affecting the outcome in acquired cholesteatoma. The present study investigated the impact of postoperative middle ear aeration on hearing and recurrence after intact canal wall tympanoplasty.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 127 pars flaccida cholesteatoma patients who underwent primary intact canal wall tympanoplasty at a tertiary academic medical center.

Lessons learned from conventional animals: Encouragement to use specific-pathogen-free animals.

Experimental rabbits provide evidence for translational research regarding the pathogenies or treatment of human diseases. We developed a novel method for regenerating the middle ear mucosa using autologous cultured nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets, and evaluated the wound healing process in the middle ear mucosa of experimental rabbits. Nonetheless, vigilant microbiological monitoring of experimental animals is essential to effectively prevent a decline in their health conditions, which may affect the research results.

The relationships among mastoid air cell development, tympanic sinus depth, and residual disease after surgery in children with congenital cholesteatoma.

Mastoid development, tympanic sinus depth, and residual disease after surgery for congenital cholesteatoma are probably related, but these relationships have not been examined in detail. This study aimed to clarify the relationships between the abovementioned factors. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 31 patients with congenital cholesteatoma (stage III or IV in Potsic's staging system) that underwent mastoidectomy.

Comprehensive analysis of syndromic hearing loss patients in Japan.

More than 400 syndromes associated with hearing loss and other symptoms have been described, corresponding to 30% of cases of hereditary hearing loss. In this study we aimed to clarify the mutation spectrum of syndromic hearing loss patients in Japan by using next-generation sequencing analysis with a multiple syndromic targeted resequencing panel (36 target genes). We analyzed single nucleotide variants, small insertions, deletions and copy number variations in the target genes.