All-in-one sphincterotome with high rotation performance and freely bendable blade for endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with surgically altered anatomy (a case series with video).

A new type of sphincterotome released to the market recently has high rotation performance and a freely bendable blade. It is devised to be singly capable of accommodating not only normal anatomy but also cases with surgically altered anatomy. This study was undertaken for clinical evaluation of the usefulness of this new sphincterotome.

Risk Factors for Developing Metachronous Superficial Gastric Epithelial Neoplasms after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection.

Although endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) provides a high rate of curative resection, the remaining gastric mucosa after ESD is at risk for metachronous superficial gastric epithelial neoplasms (MSGENs). It leaves room for risk factors for developing MSGENs after ESD. This study aimed to identify clinicopathological risk factors for the occurrence of MSGENs, and to evaluate the association of () with the MSGENs.

Growth Performance, Growth-Related Genes, Digestibility, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Immune and Stress Responses of Camelina Meal in Diets of Red Seabream ().

A 60-day experiment was designed to assess the effect of different ratios of fish meal (FM): camelina meal plant protein (CM) on growth response and relative gene expression of growth-promoting factors, feed utilization potency, digestive enzymes activities, apparent digestibility (ADC), stress response, non-specific immunity of . Four isonitrogenous (490.7 g/kg of crude protein) and isolipidic (91.

Effect of Substituting Fish Oil with Camelina Oil on Growth Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Digestibility, Liver Histology, and Antioxidative Status of Red Seabream ().

A 56-day feeding trial to evaluate the responses of red seabream (initial weight: 1.8 ± 0.02 g) to the substitution of fish oil (FO) with camelina oil (CO) at different ratios was conducted.

Simultaneous manifestation of metallic conductivity and single-molecule magnetism in a layered molecule-based compound.

Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) show superparamagnetic behaviour below blocking temperature at the molecular scale, so they exhibit large magnetic density compared to the conventional magnets. Combining SMMs and molecular conductors in one compound will bring about new physical phenomena, however, the synergetic effects between them still remain unexplored. Here we present a layered molecule-based compound, β''-(BEDO-TTF) [Co(pdms)]·3HO (), (BEDO-TTF (BO) and Hpdms are bis(ethylenedioxy)tetrathiafulvalene and 1,2-bis(methanesulfonamido)benzene, respectively), which was synthesized by using an electrochemical approach and studied by using crystal X-ray diffraction.

Emergence of Metallic Conduction and Cobalt(II)-Based Single-Molecule Magnetism in the Same Temperature Range.

Single-molecule magnets exhibit magnetic bistabililties at the molecular level, making them promising for molecule-based spintronics due to high magnetic densities. The incorporation of SMM behavior and electrical conductivity in one compound is rare because these two physical properties often do not operate in the same temperature range, which further hinders their use in practical applications. Here we present an organic-inorganic molecular hybrid, β″-(BEDO-TTF)[Co(pdms)]·(MeCN)(HO) () (BEDO-TTF = bis(ethylenedioxy)tetrathiafulvalene and Hpdms = 1,2-bis(methanesulfonamido)benzene), which manifests both metallic conduction (electrical conductivity up to 1000 S cm at 12 K under 2.

Efficacy of mozuku fucoidan in alternative protein-based diet to improve growth, health performance, and stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major.

We evaluated the efficacy of mozuku fucoidan supplementation to alternative dietary proteins used in fish meal (FM) replacement to enhance growth, immunity, and stress resistance of Pagrus major. Seven isonitrogenous (45% protein) experimental diets were formulated where diet 1 (D1) was FM-based control diet. Diets 2 to 7 were formulated by replacing 25, 50, and 75% of FM protein with soy protein isolate (SPI) protein, and each replacement level was supplemented without or with fucoidan at 0.

OX receptors mediate the inhibitory effects of orexin-A on potassium chloride-induced increases in intracellular calcium ion levels in neurons derived from rat dorsal root ganglion in a chronic pain model.

Aims: Orexin-A is known to induce anti-nociceptive effects in animal models of chronic pain. We have found that orexin-A inhibits KCl loading-induced increases in the intracellular calcium ion levels ([Ca ] ) in C-fiber-like neurons of rats showing inflammatory nociceptive behavior. Here, we examined the effects of orexin-A on the depolarization of C-fiber-like neurons derived from a rat model for another type of chronic pain, namely neuropathic pain.

Bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene Cation Radical Salts Composed of Nonuniform Silver(I) Complex Polyanions.

Rational control of the molecular arrangement in solids has been the subject of intense research for many years. In particular, the structural control of bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (ET) radical cations has attracted special interest because of the primary effect on the electronic properties of the salts. In this study, we obtained the first ET cation radical salts formed with nonuniform silver(I) complex polyanions, which involve multiple kinds of openings in the anionic layer, by an electrocrystallization method.

In vivo neurochemical evidence that stimulation of accumbal GABA and GABA receptors each reduce acetylcholine efflux without affecting dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens of freely moving rats.

Cholinergic neurons in the nucleus accumbens contain GABA and GABA receptors that are thought to inhibit neural activity. We analyzed the roles of GABA and GABA receptors in regulating accumbal acetylcholine efflux of freely moving rats using in vivo microdialysis. The effects of GABA receptor ligands on the accumbal dopamine efflux were also analyzed because accumbal cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons could mutually interact.

Fishmeal replacement by soya protein concentrate with inosine monophosphate supplementation influences growth, digestibility, immunity, blood health, and stress resistance of red sea bream, Pagrus major.

We assessed the effects of fishmeal (FM) replacement by soy protein concentrate (SPC) with inosine monophosphate (IMP) supplementation on growth, digestibility, immunity, blood health, and stress resistance of red sea bream, Pagrus major. FM protein of a FM-based control diet (FM100) was replaced with 25 (FM75), 50 (FM50), 75 (FM25), and 100% (FM0) by SPC protein, and each replacement group was supplemented with 0.4% IMP to formulate five experimental diets.

The effect of dietary fucoidan on growth, immune functions, blood characteristics and oxidative stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream, Pagrus major.

We determined the supplementation effects of dietary fucoidan on growth, immune responses, blood characteristics, and oxidative stress resistance of juvenile red sea bream. A fishmeal (FM)-based basal diet supplemented with 0% (D1, control), 0.05% (D2), 0.

Influence of dietary inosine and vitamin C supplementation on growth, blood chemistry, oxidative stress, innate and adaptive immune responses of red sea bream, Pagrus major juvenile.

Both inosine (INO) and vitamin C (l-ascorbic acid, AsA) play important roles in growth performance, feed utilization and health status of fish. Therefore, a 56 days feeding trial was conducted to determine the interactive effects of dietary INO and AsA on growth performance, oxidative status, innate and adaptive immune responses of red sea bream. Fish growth performance and fed utilization parameters were significantly affected by dietary INO supplementation but not by AsA.

Bacillus subtilis as probiotic candidate for red sea bream: Growth performance, oxidative status, and immune response traits.

The effects of dietary administration of Bacillus subtilis on the growth, digestive enzyme activity, blood chemistry, oxidative status and immune response of red sea bream (Pagrus major) were evaluated in the current study. Fish fed five different levels of B. subtilis at 0 (BS0), 1 × 10 (BS1), 1 × 10 (BS2), 1 × 10 (BS3) and 1 × 10 (BS4) CFU kg diet for 60 days.

Multifunctional Compound Combining Conductivity and Single-Molecule Magnetism in the Same Temperature Range.

We report the first highly conducting single-molecule magnet, (BEDO)[ReF]·6HO [1; BEDO = bis(ethylenedioxo)tetrathiafulvalene], whose conductivity and single-molecule magnetism coexist in the same temperature range. The compound was synthesized by BEDO electrocrystallization in the presence of (PhP)[ReF]·2HO and characterized by crystallography and measurements of the conductivity and alternating-current magnetic susceptibility.

Growth performance, blood health, antioxidant status and immune response in red sea bream (Pagrus major) fed Aspergillus oryzae fermented rapeseed meal (RM-Koji).

This study evaluated the effects of dietary substitution of fishmeal by graded levels of a blend composed of Aspergillus oryzae fermented rapeseed meal [0% (RM0), 25% (RM25), 50% (RM50), 75% (RM75) and 100% (RM100)] on growth performance, haemato-immunological responses and antioxidative status of Pagrus major (average weight 5.5 ± 0.02 g).

Role of orexin receptor subtypes in the inhibitory effects of orexin-A on potassium chloride-induced increases in intracellular calcium ion levels in neurons derived from dorsal root ganglion of carrageenan-treated rats.

We analysed the roles of orexin receptors in the effects of orexin-A on KCl-induced increases in intracellular calcium ion levels ([Ca]) in C-fiber-like small neurons of rats with inflammation induced by intraplantar injection of carrageenan into the hind paw. Controls were treated with saline. Paw withdrawal and threshold forces in response to tactile stimuli were determined using von Frey filaments.

Magnetic-Nonmagnetic Phase Transition with Interlayer Charge Disproportionation of Nb Trimers in the Cluster Compound NbCl.

We grew large single crystals of the cluster magnet NbCl with a magnetic triangular lattice and investigated its magnetic properties and crystal structure. In NbCl, the [Nb] cluster has a single unpaired spin, making it an S = 1/2 triangular lattice anti-ferromagnet. At low temperatures, NbCl exhibits a magnetic-nonmagnetic phase transition driven by a charge disproportionation, in which the paramagnetic [Nb] clusters transform into alternating layers of nonmagnetic [Nb] and [Nb] clusters.

Charge transfer complexes of metal-free phthalocyanine radical anions with decamethylmetallocenium cations: (Cp*Co)(HPc˙)·solvent and (Cp*Cr)(HPc˙)·4CHCl.

Charge transfer complexes (Cp*Co)(HPc˙)·0.5CHCl·0.7CHCN·0.

Tetrabutylammonium Salts of Aluminum(III) and Gallium(III) Phthalocyanine Radical Anions Bonded with Fluoren-9-olato Anions and Indium(III) Phthalocyanine Bromide Radical Anions.

Reduction of aluminum(III), gallium(III), and indium(III) phthalocyanine chlorides by sodium fluorenone ketyl in the presence of tetrabutylammonium cations yielded crystalline salts of the type (Bu N ) [M (HFl-O )(Pc )] (Br )⋅1.5 C H Cl [M=Al (1), Ga (2); HFl-O =fluoren-9-olato anion; Pc=phthalocyanine] and (Bu N ) [In Br(Pc )] ⋅0.875 C H Cl ⋅0.

The Salts of Copper Octafluoro- and Hexadecafluorophthalocyanines Containing [Cu(FPc)] Dianions and [CuFPc] Monoanions.

Crystalline anionic salts with copper octafluoro- and hexadecafluorophthalocyanines, (BuN)[Cu(FPc)]·2CHCl (1) and (PPN)[CuFPc]·2CHCN (2), where PPN is bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium and Pc is phthalocyanine, have been obtained. The absence of noticeable absorption in the NIR range and DFT calculations for 1 indicate that both negative charges are mainly localized on the Pc ligand, and that the [Cu(FPc)] dianions are formed without reduction of Cu. The magnetic moment of 1.

Spin Crossover in Anionic Cobalt-Bridged Fullerene (BuN){Co(PhP)}(μ-Cl)(μ-η,η-C) Dimers.

A spin crossover phenomena is observed in an anionic (BuN){Co(PhP)}(μ-Cl)(μ-η,η-C)·2CH (1) complex in which two cobalt atoms bridge two fullerene molecules to form a dimer. The dimer has a triplet ground state with two weakly coupling Co atoms (S = 1/2). The spin transition realized above 150 K is accompanied by a cobalt-to-fullerene charge transfer that forms a quintet excited state with a high spin Co (S = 1) and C (S = 1/2).

Probiotics as an environment-friendly approach to enhance red sea bream, Pagrus major growth, immune response and oxidative status.

A usual strategy in modern aquaculture to combat production bottlenecks associated with intensification is preventive health care through the use of consumer and environment-friendly alternatives including probiotics. The current study evaluates the influence of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), a lyophilized probiotic bacterium, on health status and performance of red sea bream (Pagrus major). Probiotics were incorporated in the diets at four different concentrations: 0 (control diet, LR0), 10(2) (LR1), 10(4) (LR2) and 10(6) (LR3) cells g(-1) and diets were administered to the fish for a period of 8 weeks.