Xiao-xu-ming Decoction Improved Synaptic Damage after Acute Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion via JAK2/STAT3 Pathway in Rats.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ischemic stroke is an important cause of death and disability worldwide. Xiao-xu-ming Decoction (XXMD) is a classic prescription for the treatment of stroke patients, which has been widely used in China and has significant therapeutic effect, but the therapeutic target and mechanism are still unclear.

Aim Of The Study: The current study aimed to investigate temporal alternation of synaptic damage and the protective effects of XXMD on synaptic damage following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in vivo.

Roles of Sleep Quality, Self-Efficacy, and Coping Style in the Frailty of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Although the association between sleep disorders and frailty has been well established, little is known about the cognitive appraisal mechanisms underlying this association. Building on the transactional theory of stress and coping, this study explores the role of self-efficacy and coping style in the association between sleep quality and frailty among community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 585 community-dwelling older adults were investigated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Tilburg Frailty Indicator, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire.

[Effect of Xiaoxuming Decoction on activation of astrocytes in acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury].

This study investigated the effect of Xiaoxuming Decoction(XXMD) on the activation of astrocytes after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury. The model of cerebral IR injury was established using the middle cerebral artery occlusion method. Fluorocitrate(FC), an inhibitor of astrocyte activation, was applied to inhibit astrocyte activation.

Precursor-oriented design of nano-alumina for efficient removal of antibiotics.

Rapid and efficient removal of environmental antibiotics is vital to curb bacterial resistance. Through rational precursors-oriented design, we attain the best AlO absorbent by 500 °C calcination of ammonium aluminium carbonate hydroxide (AACH) precursor from NHHCO route (AACH-NHHCO-500) for fast and efficient removal of tetracycline (TC) and other antibiotics from environmental waters including high-salinity wastewater. AACH-NHHCO-500 (0.

Self-assembled FeO-NH @g-CN composite for magnetic solid-phase extraction of benzophenones in sea water and lake water coupled with LC-MS/MS determination.

Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) was developed based on a well-designed FeO-NH @g-CN nanocomposite as sorbent for a mixture of six benzophenones (BPs) in environmental water samples. The composite fabricated via in-situ self-assembled g-CN shell with homogeneous polymerization of cyanuric chloride and cyanuric acid on FeO-NH core. While high adsorption capacity was derived from g-CN via hydrophobic, π-π and hydrogen bonding interactions to the targets, the fast magnetic separation was realized with FeO core for less solvent consumption.

An in-situ blocking strategy for improved anti-interference inspection of AFB1 based on hollow covalent organic framework capsules with commodious and undisturbed microenvironment.

This work proposed an in-situ blocking strategy for improved anti-interference and signal-amplified inspection of hazards via constructing hollow covalent organic framework (HCOF) capsules. An aptamer-FRET nanoprobe integrated with carbon dots and CuS was introduced into the micro-capsule as signal indicator to demonstrate the proof-of-concept. The HCOF was successfully prepared by removing the metal-organic frameworks (MOF) core from the MOF@COF that had been preloaded with the nanoprobes under mild conditions.

[Effect of Xiaoxuming Decoction on synaptic plasticity following acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats].

This study aims to explore the effect of Xiaoxuming Decoction on synaptic plasticity in rats with acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. A rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO). Rats were randomly assigned into a sham group, a MCAO group, and a Xiaoxuming Decoction(60 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) group.

The role of systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the association of particulate air pollution metal content and early cardiovascular damage: A panel study in healthy college students.

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) has been associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, the effects of toxic metals in PM on cardiovascular health remain unknown. To investigate the early cardiovascular effects of specific PM metal constituents at the personal level, we conducted a panel study on 45 healthy college students in Caofeidian, China.

Flower-like molybdenum disulfide/cobalt ferrite composite for the extraction of benzotriazole UV stabilizers in environmental samples.

Benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs) are a class of emerging contaminants of concern; the development of rapid and convenient monitoring method for these trace-level pollutants in waters is of crucial significance in environmental science. Here, a novel magnetic flower-like molybdenum disulfide/cobalt ferrite nanocomposite (MoS/CoFeO) was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction. Compared with the conventional FeO-based magnetic composites, the proposed material just required a minimum consumption of Co/Fe towards the equivalent of MoS while providing superior magnetization performance.

Monodispersed CaCO@hydroxyapatite/magnetite microspheres for efficient and selective extraction of benzoylurea insecticides in tea beverages samples.

A novel monodispersed CaCO@hydroxyapatite/magnetite microsphere (CaCO @HAP/FeO) was prepared via an in-situ growth strategy, and applied as an adsorbent for efficient and selective adsorption of benzoylurea insecticides (BUs) in various tea beverages samples. The sorbent exhibited uniformity in particle size, good mono-dispersibility and excellent solvent stability. The adsorption equilibrium of BUs (100 ng/mL) in 10 mL of tea beverages samples was achieved on 20 mg of CaCO @HAP/FeO within 10 min.

Proposal of Two New Combinations, Twenty New Species, Four New Genera, One New Family, and One New Order for the Anamorphic Basidiomycetous Yeast Species in .

Two hundred and forty-four ustilaginomycetous yeast or yeast-like strains were isolated from the soil, skin of animals or humans and plant materials during the past 20 years. Among them, 203 strains represent 39 known species, whereas 41 strains represent several novel species based on the sequence analyses of the rDNA genes [18S rDNA, Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions, 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain] and three protein genes (, and ). In this study, one new order, one new family, four new genera, twenty new species, and two new combinations were proposed.

Chemo- and regioselective ring-opening of donor-acceptor oxiranes with -heteroaromatics.

The first ring-opening of D-A oxiranes with N-heteroaromatics in a chemoselective C-C bond cleavage manner was achieved. In the presence of 5 mol% of Y(OTf)3 as the catalyst, diverse N-heteroaromatics, including benzotriazoles, purines, substituted benzimidazole, imidazole and pyrazole, reacted well with various D-A oxiranes, providing acyclic nucleoside analogues containing a N-glycosidic bond in up to 97% yield and up to >95 : 5 regioselectivity. Through simple transformation, the Ganciclovir analogue could also be obtained.

TNF-α impairs EP4 signaling through the association of TRAF2-GRK2 in primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes.

Our previous study showed that chronic treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) decreased cAMP concentration in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats. In this study we investigated how TNF-α impairs cAMP homeostasis, particularly clarifying the potential downstream molecules of TNF-α and prostaglandin receptor 4 (EP4) signaling that would interact with each other. Using a cAMP FRET biosensor PM-ICUE3, we demonstrated that TNF-α (20 ng/mL) blocked ONO-4819-triggered EP4 signaling, but not Butaprost-triggered EP2 signaling in normal rat FLSs.

sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast isolated from Tibet.

Eight apiculate strains isolated from Tibet, PR China, were identified as and a novel species of based on the sequence analysis of the ITS region, the D1/D2 domains of the LSU rRNA and the translation elongation factor 1-a () gene. Among them, four strains with identical sequences of D1/D2 and ITS formed a separate branch from the known species in the phylogenetic trees, and differed from the known species by at least 17 (3 %) nucleotide (nt) substitutions in the D1/D2 domains and more than 6 % substitutions and inserts/deletes in the ITS region. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that those four strains represent a novel species of , for which the names sp.

Intraspecific nucleotide divergence in Saccharomycodes ludwigii, and proposal of Saccharomycodes pseudoludwigii sp. nov, a new apiculate yeast isolated from China.

The six synonyms currently accepted under Saccharomycodes ludwigii were investigated for by phenotypic properties, however, the sequence diversity of the rRNA and protein coding genes have not yet been determined. Nine strains including the type strains of synonyms of S. ludwigii deposited in the CBS yeast collection, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands, were analyzed using a multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) approach that included sequences of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), the D1/D2 domains of the 26S rRNA, the ITS region (including the 5.

The Anti-apoptosis Effect of Single Electroacupuncture Treatment Suppressing Neuronal Autophagy in the Acute Stage of Ischemic Stroke Without Infarct Alleviation.

The main purpose of the study was to investigate the antiapoptotic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) in the acute stage of ischaemic stroke in rats. The cerebral ischemia model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion in rats. A single EA treatment was performed at the acute stage of ischaemic stroke.

Electrooxidative Iridium-Catalyzed Regioselective Annulation of Benzoic Acids with Internal Alkynes.

Electrochemically driven, Cp*Ir(III)-catalyzed regioselective annulative couplings of benzoic acids with alkynes have been established herein. The combination of iridium catalyst and electricity not only circumvents the need for stoichiometric amount of chemical oxidant, but also ensures broad reaction compatibility with a wide array of sterically and electronically diverse substrates. This electrochemical approach represents a sustainable strategy as an ideal alternative and supplement to the oxidative annulations methodology to be engaged in the synthesis of isocoumarin derivatives.

Discovery of novel benzofuran scaffold as 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors.

Background: 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) plays an important role in addressing the issue of plant protection research. This study sheds new light on the differences in molecular scaffold from commercialized HPPD inhibitors.

Results: The compounds A1-A18 and B1-B27 were synthesized for in vitro and greenhouse experiments.

In-situ fabrication of zeolite imidazole framework@hydroxyapatite composite for dispersive solid-phase extraction of benzodiazepines and their determination with high-performance liquid chromatography-VWD detection.

A novel zeolite imidazole framework@hydroxyapatite composite (ZIF-8@HAP) was constructed via in-situ growth and developed for efficient dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) of three benzodiazepines from urine samples. The prepared composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, zeta potential analyzer, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiment. Characterization results showed typical dodecahedron ZIF-8 crystals that were uniformly located on the surface of rod-like HAP.

Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome: A Prospective Target for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke.

Stroke is one of the major devastating diseases with no effective medical therapeutics. Because of the high rate of disability and mortality among stroke patients, new treatments are urgently required to decrease brain damage following a stroke. In recent years, the inflammasome is a novel breakthrough point that plays an important role in the stroke, and the inhibition of inflammasome may be an effective method for stroke treatment.

Discovery of novel arylthioacetic acid derivatives as 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase inhibitors.

Background: 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) plays an important role in addressing the issue of plant protection research. In a continuing effort to discover novel HPPD inhibitors, we adopted a bioisosterism strategy to design a series of novel arylthioacetic acid scaffold based on the previously discovered aryloxyacetic acid scaffold. This study sheds new light on the discovery of novel HPPD inhibitors.

The role of exosomes in stroke.

Stroke is induced by a partial disruption of cerebral blood flow to the brain and is related to high morbidity and mortality. In the central nervous system, exosomes have been proven to exert neuroprotective effects, reducing brain damage following a stroke. This review was performed by searching the relevant articles in the SCIENCEDIRECT, PUBMED, and Web of Science databases from respective inception to November 2018.

Electroacupuncture Inhibits Neuronal Autophagy and Apoptosis the PI3K/AKT Pathway Following Ischemic Stroke.

Electroacupuncture (EA) is a safe and effective therapy for ischemic stroke in both clinical and laboratory settings. However, the underlying mechanism behind EA treatment for stroke remains unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether EA treatment at the acupoints of Zusanli (ST36) and Quchi (LI11) exerted a neuroprotective effect on ischemic stroke rats by modulating autophagy and apoptosis the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.