Expression of Interactive Genes Associated with Apoptosis and Their Prognostic Value for Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Malignant ovarian tumor is one of the leading causes of worldwide cancer death. It is usually characterized by insidious onset and late diagnosis because of the absence of symptoms, allowing ovarian cancer cases to progress rapidly and become unresectable. The tumor suppressor, p53, plays an important role in regulating cell cycles and apoptosis.

Detection of angiogenic factors in midtrimester amniotic fluid and the prediction of preterm birth.

Objective: We investigated whether the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), and soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sFlt-1) in midtrimester amniotic fluid of preterm birth have different values compared with term delivery.

Materials And Methods: Our participants were 86 pregnant women who had undergone amniocentesis from 16 to 19 weeks of gestation. Forty-three cases were women with preterm delivery, and the other 43 cases were matched women with full-term delivery.

An unusual case of pedunculated subserosal leiomyosarcoma of the uterus mimicking ovarian carcinoma.

Background: Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus is an extremely rare but highly aggressive tumor that accounts for only 1-2 % of uterine malignancies, and is usually associated with a dismal outcome.

Case Presentation: The authors present an unusual case of pedunculated subserosal leiomyosarcoma of the uterus mimicking ovarian carcinoma. A 57-year-old postmenopausal woman presented with progressive low abdominal pain and urinary frequency.

Ruptured Hemorrhagic Corpus Luteum Cyst in an Undescended Ovary: A Rare Cause of Acute Abdomen.

Background: Undescended ovaries are typically detected during infertility evaluations and are frequently associated with uterine malformations. Ruptured hemorrhagic corpus luteum cyst of an undescended ovary is an unusual cause of acute abdomen in an adolescent.

Case: A 15-year-old girl presented with right lower quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting, and transabdominal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis showed a 10 cm × 5 cm sized cystic mass at the level of the pelvic brim, anterior to the psoas muscle suggestive of a retroperitoneal hemorrhagic cyst.

Changes in bone density after cancer treatment in patients with cervical and endometrial cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cancer treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar spine (LS) and femur in the postmenopausal women with cervical or endometrial cancer without bone metastasis compared to normal control postmenopausal women.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the BMD data in the LS, femur neck (FN) and trochanter (FT) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and laboratory data of bone turnover markers at baseline and after one year in 130 patients with cervical cancer, 68 patients with endometrial cancer, and 225 healthy controls.

Results: There were no significant differences in the T-scores of basal BMD in LS and femur between patients with endometrial cancer and controls, and only T-score of basal BMD at the fourth lumbar vertebra (L4) was significantly lower in patients with cervical cancer compared to controls.

The Role of TWIST in Ovarian Epithelial Cancers.

Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with tumor hypoxia. EMT is regulated, in part, by the action of TWIST, which inhibits of E-cadherin expression and may interfere with the p53 tumor-suppressor pathway.

Methods: We examined the expression of TWIST, E-cadherin, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), and p53 by immunohistochemistry in 123 cases of ovarian epithelial cancers (OEC) to evaluate the role of TWIST in OEC.

Tumor-infiltration of T-lymphocytes is inversely correlated with clinicopathologic factors in endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of T-lymphocytes and their relationship with clinicopathologic factors in endometrial carcinoma.

Methods: Samples were collected from 89 patients with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma treated in Pusan National University Hospital from 2004 to 2011. Normal endometrial tissues were obtained from 30 hysterectomized women with benign adnexal masses and served as controls.

S100 expression in dendritic cells is inversely correlated with tumor grade in endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the expression of S100 positive dendritic cells (DCs) and the relationship with clinicopathologic factors in endometrial carcinoma.

Methods: Samples were collected from 89 patients with endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma treated in Pusan National University Hospital from 2004 to 2011. Normal endometrial tissues were obtained from 30 hysterectomized women with benign adnexal masses and served as controls.

Prognostic value of cytoplasmic expression of S100A4 protein in endometrial carcinoma.

The S100A4 protein, a member of the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, has been considered as a candidate prognostic marker in patients with cancer. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of S100A4 and to examine its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters and the overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC). To do this, we performed immunohistochemistry of formalin-fixed tissue sections obtained from 135 cases of EC.

Clinicopathological significance of atypical glandular cells on Pap smear.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of atypical glandular cells (AGC) by analyzing the prevalence and histologic outcomes of patients with AGC according to Pap smear.

Methods: The medical records of 83 patients who were diagnosed AGC on Pap tests at the Pusan National University Hospital outpatient department and health care center from January 1998 to March 2006 were reviewed.

Results: The prevalence of AGC was 55 of 54,160 (0.

TAZ mediates lysophosphatidic acid-induced migration and proliferation of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, has been reported to regulate organ size, tissue homeostasis, and tumorigenesis by acting as a transcriptional co-activator. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis of ovarian cancer through activation of G protein-coupled receptors. However, the involvement of TAZ in LPA-induced tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer has not been elucidated.

Preferences for and experiences of family involvement in cancer treatment decision-making: patient-caregiver dyads study.

Background: Despite the important role that family caregivers play in providing emotional and practical support to cancer patients, relatively little is known about the family caregiver's role in treatment decision-making (TDM). We sought to investigate patients' and family caregivers' preferences for and experiences of family involvement in TDM and factors associated with preference concordance.

Method: A national survey was performed with 990 patient-caregiver dyads (participation rate:76.

Oncostatin M promotes mesenchymal stem cell-stimulated tumor growth through a paracrine mechanism involving periostin and TGFBI.

Oncostatin M, a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, has been implicated in tumorigenesis of human prostate cancer. In the current study, we demonstrate that oncostatin M promotes human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-stimulated tumor growth in an in vivo xenograft transplantation model of the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3M-luc-C6, a PC3M cell line expressing the luciferase gene. Conditioned medium derived from oncostatin M-treated mesenchymal stem cells stimulated adhesion of PC-3M-luc-C6 cells.

Silibinin inhibits tumor growth through downregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and Akt in vitro and in vivo in human ovarian cancer cells.

Anticancer activity of silibinin, a flavonoid, has been demonstrated in various cancer cell types. However, the underlying mechanisms were not elucidated in human ovarian cancer cells. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect of silibinin in vitro and in vivo on tumor growth in human ovarian cancer cells.

Correlation between biological marker expression and F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in cervical cancer measured by positron emission tomography.

Background: This study aimed to determine whether several biologic markers were associated with (18)fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake in patients with carcinoma of the cervix.

Patients And Methods: 60 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages IA2 to IIB cervical cancer, who underwent (18)FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), were included in the current study. All patients underwent radical hysterectomy.

Expression and significance of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in ovarian epithelial cancers.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLR) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that constitutes a major part of the innate immune system. The TLR4/(Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) signaling pathway has been shown to have oncogenic effects.

Methods: To demonstrate the role of TLR4/MyD88 signaling in ovarian epithelial cancers (OECs), we examined the expression of TLR4, MyD88 and nuclear factor- κB (NF-κB) in OECs.

Lysophosphatidic acid-induced ADAM12 expression mediates human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-stimulated tumor growth.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is involved in mesenchymal stem cell-stimulated tumor growth in vivo. However, the molecular mechanism by which mesenchymal stem cells promote tumorigenesis remains elusive. In the present study, we demonstrate that conditioned medium from A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 CM) induced the expression of ADAM12, a disintegrin and metalloproteases family member, in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs).

Proteomic identification of ADAM12 as a regulator for TGF-β1-induced differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to smooth muscle cells.

Background: Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) induces the differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) into smooth muscle cells. Lipid rafts are cholesterol-rich microdomains in cell membranes that reportedly play a key role in receptor-mediated signal transduction and cellular responses. In order to clarify whether lipid rafts are involved in TGF-β1-induced differentiation of hASCs into smooth muscle cells, we analyzed the lipid raft proteome of hASCs.

Periostin mediates human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-stimulated tumor growth in a xenograft lung adenocarcinoma model.

Mesenchymal stem cells stimulate tumor growth in vivo through a lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-dependent mechanism. However, the molecular mechanism by which mesenchymal stem cells stimulate tumorigenesis is largely elusive. In the present study, we demonstrate that conditioned medium from A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 CM) induces expression of periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs).

Inactivation of O⁶-methyguanine-DNA methyltransferase by promoter hypermethylation: association of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis in specific histological types.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate O⁶-methyguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter hypermethylation, MGMT expression and microsatellite instability (MSI), as well as to elucidate their correlation with clinical and pathological parameters in epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Ovarian cancer tissue specimens (n = 86) were obtained after a staging operation. The MGMT gene was investigated by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and MGMT expression status was analyzed using immunohistochemistry.

High-throughput DNA hypermethylation profiling in different ovarian epithelial cancer subtypes using universal bead array.

DNA hypermethylation is common and plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression. It is considered a major cause of carcinogenesis. High-throughput profiling method has been developed to analyze the methylation status of hundreds of pre-selected genes simultaneously.

Lysophosphatidic acid-induced expression of periostin in stromal cells: Prognoistic relevance of periostin expression in epithelial ovarian cancer.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid crucial for the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. Identification of LPA-induced biomarkers is necessary for predicting prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Here we report periostin, an extracellular matrix protein, as an LPA-induced protein in stromal cells and as a prognostic marker in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).

Ovarian cancer-derived lysophosphatidic acid stimulates secretion of VEGF and stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha from human mesenchymal stem cells.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) stimulates growth and invasion of ovarian cancer cells and tumor angiogenesis. Cancer-derived LPA induces differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) to alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA)-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts. Presently, we explored whether cancer-derived LPA regulates secretion of pro-angiogenic factors from hASCs.

Differential apoptotic response in HPV-infected cancer cells of the uterine cervix after doxorubicin treatment.

This study aimed to evaluate differential apoptotic response in uterine cervical cancer cells with and without HPV infection after chemotherapy. CaSki (HPV 16-positive) and C33A (mutant p53 and HPV-negative) cells were used. Cell viability was assessed by trypan blue cell exclusion test.