Process optimization, structural characterization, and biological activity of Siraitia grosvenorii polysaccharides by ultrasonic aqueous two-phase extraction.

In this research, ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction (UA-ATPE) was utilized to isolate polysaccharides from Siraitia grosvenorii (SGPs). Based on the results of model optimization experiments, the extraction parameters were determined. The total extraction rate of SGPs was 25.

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver function changes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with Ho-radioembolization : HBS in HCC treated with holmium-166.

Background: To study the feasibility of hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) to improve selection and planning of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with holmium-166 (Ho)-microspheres radioembolization.

Results: Thirty-one patients with HCC were included and treated with Ho- radioembolization as part of a prospective phase 2 study. Twenty-seven patients were eligible for analysis, 67% had a cirrhotic liver morphology on imaging, 70% had multifocal disease and 51% had bilobar disease.

Predicting lung aging using scRNA-Seq data.

Age prediction based on single cell RNA-Sequencing data (scRNA-Seq) can provide information for patients' susceptibility to various diseases and conditions. In addition, such analysis can be used to identify aging related genes and pathways. To enable age prediction based on scRNA-Seq data, we developed PolyEN, a new regression model which learns continuous representation for expression over time.

Early HBcrAg and Anti-HBc Levels Identify Patients at High Risk for Severe Flares After Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Cessation-A Pooled Analysis of Two Clinical Trials.

Background: Severe flares (ALT ≥ 10×ULN) are a well-recognised adverse outcome after nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) cessation and may lead to liver failure. Thus, identification of patients at risk for these flares is of major importance.

Methods: Data were used from two prospective studies on NA cessation conducted in the Netherlands and Canada.

Utilisation of patient-centred outcome measures in age-related macular degeneration research and clinical practice: A systematic review.

Background: To identify the utilisation, type, and psychometric properties of patient-centered outcome measures (PCOMs) associated with the performance-based assessment of visual function (VF) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in clinical care and research.

Methods: A systematic literature search identified studies, available in English, that used PCOMs to assess VF in patients with any AMD severity, published from January 2015 to November 2023. Two researchers screened studies for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) 2018 and assessed the psychometric properties of the PCOMs with the guidance of Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN).

Holmium-166 radioembolisation dosimetry in HCC.

Purpose: To evaluate dosimetry, dose-response and dose-toxicity relationships for holmium-166 (Ho) radioembolisation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Thirty-one patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were included in the HEPAR Primary study (NCT03379844, registered on December 20th, 2017) and underwent Ho-microspheres radioembolisation. Linear mixed models assessed the association between tumour absorbed doses and response based on mRECIST both on tumour and patient level.

Understanding the Prevalence and Risk Factor Profile of Olfactory Impairment and Its Impact on Patient Health Indicators and Economic Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older Asian Adults.

Background And Objectives: There is a paucity of data on the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of olfactory impairment (OI) on key health indicators and economic outcomes in Asian populations. We aimed to address these gaps in a population of community-dwelling older adults.

Research Design And Methods: We included 2 101 participants (mean age ± standard deviation []: 72.

Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver-related Events in Anti-hepatitis D Virus-positive Individuals.

Background & Aims: Chronic hepatitis D (CHD) is the most severe form of chronic viral hepatitis, with a high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver-related mortality. Risk stratification is needed to guide HCC surveillance strategies and to prioritize treatment with antiviral agents.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort of anti-hepatitis D virus (HDV)-positive individuals managed at sites in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

Exploring transparent reporting and data availability in systematic reviews to identify subgroup evidence: imaging for suspected hepatocellular carcinoma in the non-cirrhotic liver.

We aim to illustrate the role of complete and transparent reporting coupled with access to data sourced from published systematic reviews, especially assisting in the identification of evidence for subgroups within the context of a rare disease. To accomplish this principle, we provide a real-world example encountered during the revision of the Dutch clinical practice guideline for hepatocellular carcinoma. Specifically, we retrieved insights from two Cochrane reviews to identify direct evidence concerning the diagnostic test accuracy of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for detecting hepatocellular carcinomas in suspected patients without liver cirrhosis.

Response of stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis to light and CO for rice leaves with different appearance days.

To investigate the dynamics of stomata, transpiration, and photosynthesis under varying light intensities and CO conditions during leaf development, the light response and CO response of stomatal conductance ( ), transpiration rate ( ), and net photosynthetic rate ( ) were observed for rice leaves at different days after leaf emergence (DAE). The results showed that (1) as photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) increased, leaf , , and initially increased rapidly and linearly, followed by a more gradual rise to maximum values, and then either stabilized or showed a declining trend. The maximum , , and were smaller and occurred earlier for old leaves than for young leaves.

Interventions for women with premature cervical dilatation and exposed fetal membranes to prevent pregnancy loss and preterm birth - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The management of women with premature cervical dilatation and exposed unruptured fetal membranes remains uncertain and controversial. Treatment options may include expectant management or emergency cervical cerclage (ECC). Little is known regarding the effectiveness of individual interventions, or additional therapies.

Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance with Contrast-enhanced MRI in a High-Risk Western European Cohort.

Aim: To investigate the utilization of MRI using a MRI liver protocol with extracellular contrast-enhanced series for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in high-risk patients.

Methods: Consecutive high-risk patients of a western European cohort who underwent repeated liver MRI for HCC screening were included. Lesions were registered according to the Liver Reporting & Data System (LIRADS) 2018.

Heart Failure With Improved Ejection Fraction: Prevalence, Predictors, and Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy.

Recently, a new category of heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) has emerged in the classification system. This is defined as the subgroup of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) whose left ventricular ejection fraction has recovered partially or completely, with no specific cut-off values established yet in the guidelines. In our review, we aim to provide an overview of prevalence, predictors, mechanism of remodeling, and management strategies regarding HFimpEF.

Development and Validation of Performance-Based Assessment of Daily Living Tasks in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To establish the reliability and validity of five performance-based activities of daily living task tests (ADLTT), to correlate structure to function, to evaluate the impact of visual impairment (VI) on age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and to develop new outcome measures.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team developed five ADLTTs: (1) reading test (RT); (2) facial expression (FE) recognition; (3) item search (IS) task; (4) money counting (MC) task; and (5) making a drink (MD), tested with binocular and monocular vision. ADLTTs were tested for known-group (i.

Childbirth Acquired Perineal Trauma study (CHAPTER): a UK prospective cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Childbirth-related perineal trauma (CRPT) is the most common complication of childbirth affecting 80% of women overall after vaginal birth. There remains a lack of comprehensive evidence relating to the prevalence of subsequent health problems. Current evidence is related to short-term outcomes, for example, pain, but there is less known about longer-term outcomes such as infection, wound dehiscence, pelvic floor function and psychological outcomes.

Human Serum Albumin Mediated Controllable Synthesis of Defect-Rich Copper Hydroxide Nanowire for Cuproptosis-Based Anti-Tumor Therapy.

Cuproptosis, as a newly identified form of programmed cell death, shows great promise in cancer treatment. Efficient Cu delivery while avoiding systemic toxicity and elimination of the resistance from over-expressed intracellular copper chelator glutathione (GSH) are critical for cuproptosis. Herein, this work innovatively constructs a biocompatible and defect-rich copper hydroxide nanowire (HCu nanowire) through a human serum albumin (HSA) mediated biomineralization method.

Prevalence, associated risk factors; and patient and economic impact of multiple sensory impairment in a multi-ethnic elderly population in Singapore: the PIONEER study.

Background: To determine the prevalence, risk factors; and impact on patient health and economic outcomes across the laterality spectrum of multiple sensory impairment (MSI) in a multi-ethnic older Asian population.

Methods: In this population-based study of Singaporeans aged ≥ 60 years, MSI was defined as concomitant vision (visual acuity > 0.3 logMAR), hearing (pure-tone air conduction average > 25 dB), and olfactory (score < 12 on the Sniffin' Sticks test) impairments across the spectrum of laterality (any, unilateral, combination [of unilateral and bilateral], and bilateral).

The prevalence patterns and risk factor profiles of poor muscle health and its associated components in multiethnic older Asians: The PIONEER study.

Background: We aim to determine the multiethnic patterns of the prevalence and associated factors of poor muscle health and its associated components in older Chinese, Malays, and Indian Asian adults.

Methods: We included 2199 participants (mean age ± SD: 72.9 ± 8.

Progression of the FIB-4 index among patients with chronic HCV infection and early liver disease.

Background And Aims: Historical paired liver biopsy studies are likely to underestimate current progression of disease in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We aimed to assess liver disease progression according to the non-invasive Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index in patients with chronic HCV and early disease.

Methods And Results: Patients diagnosed with chronic HCV and FIB-4 <3.