miR-629-3p inhibits fine particulate matter exposure-induced lung function decline: Results from the two-stage population study and in vitro study.

MiRNAs were reported to play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of health damage caused by environmental pollutants. However, its potential role in fine particulate matter (PM) exposure-induced lung function decline has rarely been elucidated. The present study was developed to profile specific miRNAs that were related to both PM exposure and lung function decline, and to investigate the regulating role in PM exposure-induced lung injury.

The Critical Role of Soil Ecological Stoichiometric Ratios: How Does Reforestation Improve Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability?

The ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil elements have greatly enhanced our understanding of the circulation of soil nutrients. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the alteration of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometric ratios in deep soil after afforestation. To examine the variations in stoichiometric ratios of soil elements with different vegetation types, restoration times, and soil depths, we collected soil samples from grassland, shrubland, and forestland at different stand ages (10a, 25a, and 40a) in Xining City, which is located on the Loess Plateau.

Leaf carbon chemistry effectively manipulated soil microbial profiles and induced metabolic adjustments under different revegetation types in the loess Plateau, China.

Microorganisms are essential components of underground life systems and drive elemental cycling between plants and soil. Yet, in the ecologically fragile Loess Plateau, scant attention has been paid to the response of microbial communities to organic carbon (C) chemistry of both leaves and soils under different revegetation conditions, as well as subsequent alternation in their C metabolic functions. Here, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, amplicon sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS, and temporal incubation with Biolog-Eco 96 plates were combined to explore the vegetative heterogeneity of microbial community properties and metabolic functions, as well as their regulatory mechanisms in three typical revegetation types including Robinia pseudoacacia L.

Nitrogen and Microelements Co-Drive the Decomposition of Typical Grass Litter in the Loess Plateau, China.

In grassland ecosystems, the decomposition of litter serves as a vital conduit for nutrient transfer between plants and soil. The aim of this study was to depict the dynamic process of grass litter decomposition and explore its major driver. Three typical grasses [ Trin (St.

Parathyroid hormone enhances the therapeutic effect of mesenchymal stem cells on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in rats.

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a degenerative disease affecting the joint, which is characterized by injury to the articular cartilage, as well as changes in the synovial and subchondral bone. TMJOA has a high incidence rate, without any effective treatment. Despite the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in various diseases, their efficacy in treating TMJOA is constrained by the local hypoxic conditions and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) environment within the damaged temporomandibular joint.

Health system barriers to timely routine measles vaccinations in rural southwest China: a qualitative study on the perspectives of township vaccination professionals and village doctors.

Objectives: A well-functioning health system ensures timely routine measles vaccinations for age-appropriate children, minimising measles risk. However, there is limited knowledge about the impact of the performance of immunisation programmes in health systems on the timeliness of measles vaccination. This study aimed to identify health system barriers to timely routine measles vaccination in rural southwest China, integrating the perspectives of township vaccination professionals and village doctors.

Estimating the Health and Economic Impact of Improved Management in Prevalent Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Populations in England, Germany, Canada, and Japan: A Modelling Study.

Introduction: COPD is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Management is complex and costly. Although international quality standards for diagnosis and management exist, opportunities remain to improve outcomes, especially in reducing avoidable hospitalisations.

Association between dietary vitamin intake and mortality in US adults with diabetes: A prospective cohort study.

Aims: To explore the association of dietary vitamin intake from food and/or supplement with mortality in US adults with diabetes.

Materials And Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 5418 US adults with diabetes from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018. Vitamin intake from food and supplements was estimated via dietary recall.

Self-reported critical gaps in the essential knowledge and capacity of spatial epidemiology between the current university education and competency-oriented professional demands in preparing for a future pandemic among public health postgraduates in China: a nationwide cross-sectional survey.

Background: Spatial epidemiology plays an important role in public health. Yet, it is unclear whether the current university education in spatial epidemiology in China could meet the competency-oriented professional demands. This study aimed to understand the current situation of education and training, practical application, and potential demands in spatial epidemiology among public health postgraduates in China, and to assess the critical gaps in a future emerging infectious diseases (EID) pandemic preparedness and response.

Role and mechanism of WNT5A in benzo(a)pyrene-induced acute lung injury and lung function decline.

Benzo(a)pyrene was sparsely studied for its early respiratory impairment. The non-canonical ligand WNT5A play a role in pneumonopathy, while its function during benzo(a)pyrene-induced adverse effects were largely unexplored. Individual benzo(a)pyrene, plasma WNT5A, and spirometry 24-hour change for 87 residents from Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort were determined to analyze potential role of WNT5A in benzo(a)pyrene-induced lung function alternation.

The Antiparallel Coiled-Coil Domain Allows Multiple Forward Step Sizes of Myosin X.

Myosin X forms an antiparallel dimer and moves processively on actin bundles. How the antiparallel dimer affects the stepping mechanism of myosin X remains elusive. Here, we generated several chimeras using domains of myosin V and X and performed single-molecule motility assays.

[Effects of 24 Years Different Straw Return on Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Extracellular Enzymatic Stoichiometry in Dryland of the Loess Plateau, China].

Exploring the biogeochemical cycle characteristics of soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in farmland in the dryland of the loess plateau can provide scientific basis and technical support for efficient crop production and sustainable land use. Here, based on a long-term (24 year) straw return field experiment in Shouyang, Shanxi province, the effects of different straw return regimes, i.e.

Arsenic exposure incurs hyperglycemia mediated by oxidative damage in urban adult population: A prospective cohort study with three repeated measures.

The associations and potential mechanisms of low to moderate arsenic exposure with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are still unclear. To assess the effects of short-term and long-term arsenic exposure on hyperglycemia and the mediating effect of oxidative damage on such association, three repeated-measures studies with 9938 observations were conducted in the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The levels of urinary total arsenic, FPG, urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2α), urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and plasma protein carbonyls (PCO) were measured.

Acrolein Exposure Impaired Glucose Homeostasis and Increased Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: An Urban Adult Population-Based Cohort Study with Repeated Measures.

Acrolein is an identified high-priority hazardous air pollutant ubiquitous in daily life and associated with cardiometabolic risk that attracts worldwide attention. However, the etiology role of acrolein exposure in glucose dyshomeostasis and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. This repeated-measurement prospective cohort study included 3522 urban adults.

Lipid peroxidation mediates the association between iron overload and liver injury: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in general Chinese urban adults.

Iron overload has been associated with acute/chronic organ failure, but whether iron overload induces liver injury remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to assess the relationship between urinary iron and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT, a biomarker for liver injury), and investigate the potential mediating roles of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage in such association. Levels of urinary iron, serum ALT, and urinary biomarkers of lipid peroxidation (8-iso-prostaglandin-F [8-iso-PGF]) and oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-deoxyguano-sine [8-OHdG]) were measured among 5386 observations of 4220 participants from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort.

The potential role of plasma miR-4301 in PM exposure-associated lung function reduction.

The effect of PM exposure on lung function reduction has been well-documented, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. MiR-4301 may be involved in regulating pathways related to lung injury/repairment, and this study aimed to explore the potential role of miR-4301 in PM exposure-associated lung function reduction. A total of 167 Wuhan community nonsmokers were included in this study.

A Case of Giant Cutaneous Lopez Type III Meningioma of the Scalp.

Meningiomas are the most common central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Extracranial meningiomas are rare, constituting 2% of all meningiomas. We describe a case of Lopez type III meningioma of the scalp in a 72-year-old gentleman who had a long-standing giant scalp mass and presented with recent mild left-sided limb weakness and numbness.

Fast reconstruction method of three-dimension model based on dual RGB-D cameras for peanut plant.

Background: Plant shape and structure are important factors in peanut breeding research. Constructing a three-dimension (3D) model can provide an effective digital tool for comprehensive and quantitative analysis of peanut plant structure. Fast and accurate are always the goals of the plant 3D model reconstruction research.

Folic acid deficiency exacerbates the inflammatory response of astrocytes after ischemia-reperfusion by enhancing the interaction between IL-6 and JAK-1/pSTAT3.

Aim: To demonstrate the role of IL-6 and pSTAT3 in the inflammatory response to cerebral ischemia/reperfusion following folic acid deficiency (FD).

Methods: The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo, and cultured primary astrocytes were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) to emulate ischemia/reperfusion injury in vitro.

Results: Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression significantly increased in astrocytes of the brain cortex in the MCAO group compared to the SHAM group.

Plasma microRNA expression profiles associated with zinc exposure and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Exploring potential role of miR-144-3p in zinc-induced insulin resistance.

Zinc exposure has been linked with disordered glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We conducted population-based studies and in vitro experiments to explore potential role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in zinc-related hyperglycemia and T2DM.

PM-related DNA methylation and the association with lung function in non-smokers.

PM exposure leads to lung function alteration. The potential pathway underlying above association, especially the role of DNA methylation is unclear. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the associations of personal PM concentrations with DNA methylation at the epigenome-wide level, and investigate how PM-related DNA methylation affects lung function.

Loss of Chemerin in Rhabdomyosarcoma Cells Polarizes Adjacent Monocytes to an Immunosuppressive Phenotype.

Chemerin is a multifunctional adipokine that regulates adipogenesis, insulin signaling and blood pressure and has thus a central function in metabolism. Mounting evidence confirmed a function of chemerin in various cancers. In this study, we investigated the role of chemerin in rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), an aggressive soft tissue cancer that affects mainly children and young adults.