Postbiotic-biosynthesized silver nanoparticles anchored on covalent organic frameworks integrated into carboxymethyl chitosan-based film for enhancing antibacterial packaging.

Food packaging plays a vital role in guaranteeing the quality and safety of fresh products during the storage and distribution. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) is identified as a promising polymer for food packaging film owing to its film-forming ability, non-toxicity, and biodegradability. Nevertheless, the practical applications of pure CMCS film usually suffer from some limits owing to its poor antibacterial effect and mechanical strength.

CRISPR/Cas System Meets CLICK-17 DNAzyme: A Click Chemistry-Based Fluorescence Biosensing Platform Designed for Highly Sensitive Detection of .

is one of the most dangerous and contagious foodborne pathogens, posing a significant threat to public health and food safety. In this study, we developed a click chemistry-based fluorescence biosensing platform for highly sensitive detection of () by integrating the -cleavage activity of CRISPR/Cas12a with the CLICK17-mediated copper(II)-dependent azide-alkyne cycloaddition (Cu(II)AAC) click reaction. Herein, CLICK-17 can provide binding sites for Cu ions and high redox stability for one or much catalytically vital Cu within its active sites, which facilitate the click reaction.

Donkey Milk Supplementation Alleviates Renal Fibrosis of Chronic Kidney Disease by Enhancing Anti-inflammatory Ability.

Donkey milk, rich in essential nutrients, not only can meet the nutritional needs of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) accodding to the National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) Clinical Practice Guideline for Nutrition in CKD, but also has strong anti-inflammatory ability. Inflammation is the main driving force of renal fibrosis, directly determining the renal function of CKD. However, the impact of donkey milk on CKD and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Daily glucose variability is associated with intrahepatic fat content, β cell sensitivity, and biomarkers of glycolysis in youth with obesity.

Objective: Pediatric obesity is associated with insulin resistance, which, in turn, impacts glucose and lipid metabolism. This study sought to assess how glucose variability relates to intrahepatic fat content, β cell insulin sensitivity, and glycolysis in youth with obesity.

Methods: A total of 27 youth with obesity (11 girls, BMI percentile, median [25th-75th percentiles]: 99.

Enhanced quantification of α-cell suppression by hyperglycemia using a high-sensitivity glucagon assay.

Accurate measurement of glucagon concentrations in a variety of conditions is necessary for subsequent estimation of glucagon secretion. Glucagon arises in the α-cell as a product of proglucagon processing. Modern two-site immunoassays have overcome prior problems with glucagon measurement caused by cross-reactivity with other proglucagon-derived fragments.

Lactobacillus paracasei JY062 and its exopolysaccharide enhance the intestinal barrier through macrophage polarization and Th17/Treg cell balance.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an immune-mediated intestinal disease without a comprehensive cure, and the alleviation of UC has become an urgent problem. The results showed that JY062 with its EPS group (JEC) alleviated the intestinal barrier damage caused by LPS. After JEC intervention on Caco-2 cells, resulted in upregulation of ZO-1, Claudin-1, Occludin and MUC2 transcript levels and decreased mRNA expression of Claudin-2 (p < 0.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring among Infants Born Very Preterm: Evidence for Accuracy in Neonatal Intensive Care.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a device for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) among infants born preterm admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design: We analyzed paired CGM sensor glucose (SG) and point-of-care blood glucose (BG) measurements collected in infants born at ≤32 weeks of gestation or with a birth weight ≤1500 g. CGM was initiated within 48 hours from birth and maintained for 5 days.

JM053 alleviates osteoporosis in rats by increasing the content of soy isoflavone aglycones in fermented soymilk.

JM053 has a significant ability to convert soy isoflavones and can be used as a fermentation strain to ferment soymilk, thereby increasing the content of free aglycones in soymilk and thus providing an effective method to alleviate osteoporosis symptoms. This study aims to establish a rat model of osteoporosis induced by dexamethasone (DEX) and clarify the alleviating effect of soymilk fermented with JM053 on osteoporosis. Research has shown that fermented soymilk with JM053 can inhibit weight loss in rats caused by DEX, regulate the expression of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) towards normal levels, and increase levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) to promote bone synthesis.

16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification and infectious disease diagnosis.

16S rRNA gene sequence is the most common housekeeping genetic marker to study bacterial phylogeny and taxonomy. Therefore, 16S rRNA gene sequencing has the potential to identify novel bacteria and diagnose bacteria. This study compared 16S rRNA gene sequencing with conventional PCR for bacterial identification and disease diagnosis.

The genome landscape of the Xinglong buffalo.

Background: Xinglong buffalo, as an indigenous breed in Hainan province of China, possesses characteristics such as high humidity tolerance, disease resistance and high reproductive capacity. Combined with whole genome sequencing technology, comprehensive investigation can be undertaken to elucidate the genomic characteristics, functions and genetic variation of Xinglong buffalo population.

Results: Xinglong buffalo has the highest genetic diversity, lowest runs of homozygosity average length, and fasted decay of linkage disequilibrium in our study population.

Evaluating psychometric properties of the Cantonese integrated Digit-in-Noise Test: perhaps the 2-digit sequence can also be used for hearing screening.

Objective: This study developed and validated the Cantonese integrated Digit-in-Noise Test (iDIN) for speech-in-noise measurement and hearing screening.

Design: The development of the Cantonese iDIN followed the International Collegium of Rehabilitative Audiology guidelines. Its psychometric properties, including normative data, psychometric function, test-retest reliability, and criterion validity, were established.

Adipose tissue insulin resistance in children and adolescents: linking glucose and free fatty acid metabolism to hepatic injury markers.

Obesity is one of the leading causes of the development of insulin resistance, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children. With the progression of insulin resistance, both glucose and free fatty acid (FFA) plasma levels are elevated, leading to cardiometabolic complications such as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 2 diabetes, and liver fat accumulation. In this study, oral minimal models were used to estimate insulin sensitivity indexes (SI and SI) in 375 adolescents with obesity.

R-loops' m6A modification and its roles in cancers.

R-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures composed of an RNA-DNA hybrid and a displaced DNA strand. They are widespread and play crucial roles in regulating gene expression, DNA replication, and DNA and histone modifications. However, their regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.

Adipose tissue responds to stress-induced immunosuppression affecting immune response partially by miR-145-5p/S1PR1 pathway.

Stress-induced immunosuppression (SIIS) is one of the most common problems in intensive poultry production, which can cause immunized chickens to still develop diseases and bring huge losses to production. Recently, adipose tissue, as an immunomodulatory organ, has become a hot topic of attention. However, the function and mechanism of adipose tissue involved in SIIS and its influence on the immune response are still unclear.

Metabolic regulation in normal and leukemic stem cells.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs) are crucial for ensuring hematopoietic homeostasis and driving leukemia progression, respectively. Recent research has revealed that metabolic adaptations significantly regulate the function and survival of these stem cells. In this review, we provide an overview of how metabolic pathways regulate oxidative and proteostatic stresses in HSCs during homeostasis and aging.

Transcriptomic Analyses to Unravel Resistance Pathways.

The proliferation of antibiotic usage has precipitated the emergence of drug-resistant variants of bacteria, thereby augmenting their capacity to withstand pharmaceutical interventions. Among these variants, (), prevalent in powdered infant formula (PIF), poses a grave threat to the well-being of infants. Presently, global contamination by is being observed.

Advances in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides with different structures as wall materials for probiotics delivery: A review.

Probiotics are active microorganisms that are beneficial to the health of the host. However, probiotics are highly sensitive to the external environment, and are susceptible to a variety of factors that reduce their activity during production, storage, and use. Microencapsulation is an effective method that enhances probiotic activity.

Effects of ultrasound pretreatment on the structure, IgE binding capacity, functional properties and bioactivity of whey protein hydrolysates via multispectroscopy and peptidomics revealed.

Whey protein is an important food ingredient, but it is also considered a major food allergen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ultrasound pretreatment on the structure, IgE binding capacity, functional properties and biological activity of whey protein isolate (WPI) hydrolysates (WPH), including WPI hydrolyzed by a combination of enzymes from Bromelain and ProteAXH (BA-WPI) and WPI hydrolyzed by a combination of enzymes from Papain W-40 and ProteAXH (PA-WPI). The IgE binding capacity of BA-WPI and PA-WPI was reduced to 40.