Strong exciton-photon coupling in self-hybridized organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite microcavities.

Controlling coherent light-matter interactions in semiconductor microcavities is at the heart of the next-generation solid-state polaritonic devices. Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are potential materials for room-temperature polaritonics owing to their high exciton oscillator strengths and large exciton binding energies. Herein, we report on strong exciton-photon coupling in the micro-platelet and micro-ribbon shaped methylammonium lead bromide single crystals.

Gastric intestinal metaplasia and gastric cancer prevention: Watchful waiting.

Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), a common histologic finding, is associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, and GIM associated with infection is classified as an environmental metaplastic atrophic gastritis. Patients may be asymptomatic or present with various dyspeptic symptoms. Autoimmune metaplastic atrophic gastritis is a less common but important cause of chronic gastritis.

Comparison between metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: From nomenclature to clinical outcomes.

As a result of the obesity epidemic, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its complications have increased among millions of people. Consequently, a group of experts recommended changing the term NAFLD to an inclusive terminology more reflective of the underlying pathogenesis; metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This new term of MAFLD has its own disease epidemiology and clinical outcomes prompting efforts in studying its differences from NAFLD.

Liver transplantation amidst the COVID-19 era: Our center's experience.

Coronavirus disease 2019 significantly impacted the liver transplant process worldwide. Consequently, it brought significant challenges and limitations to transplant policies and organ allocation forcing liver transplant centers to adjust their protocols to ensure maximum benefit and avoid harm to their patients. Our center, like many others, was obliged to adapt to the challenges.

Evaluation of Entomopathogenic Nematodes against Red Palm Weevil, (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Entomopathogenic nematodes play a pivotal role as biocontrol agents for different species of insect pests, including the red palm weevil. In the current investigation, the infective capabilities of four species of entomopathogenic nematodes, including , , , and , were evaluated against larvae, pupae, and adult red palm weevil under laboratory and field conditions. The pathogenic potential of selected nematode species was assessed based on dissection and adult emergence of weevils.

Risk factors for local recurrence of large gastrointestinal lesions after endoscopic mucosal resection.

Background: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is the primary treatment modality for superficial gastrointestinal mucosal lesions > 2 cm. However, the procedure carries some risk of complications including bleeding, perforation, and local recurrence. This study aimed to examine factors associated with EMR outcomes, especially in terms of local recurrence.

EMR and ESD: Indications, techniques and results.

Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are two well-known endoscopic resection procedures used for advance gastrointestinal lesions. As compared to standard polypectomy techniques, EMR and ESD provide wider and deeper resection margins and allow en bloc removal of lesions for more detailed pathology with curative intent for early neoplastic gastrointestinal lesions. Both procedures have their advantages and disadvantages which will be discussed in detail in this review article.

Spectral, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Pyretic, Leishmanicidal, and Molecular Docking Studies, Against Selected Protein Targets, of a New Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloid.

A new bisbenzylisoquinoline named as chondrofolinol and four reported compounds were isolated and characterized from the roots of Stapf. Anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and leishmanicidal studies were performed against carrageenan-induced paw edema, yeast-induced pyrexia, and the promastigotes of , respectively. The new compound significantly reduced the paw volume in carrageenan-induced paw edema and rectal temperature in yeast-induced pyrexia at 10 and 20 mg/ kg of body weight.

Selective Deposition of Candle Soot on a Cellulose Membrane for Efficient Solar Evaporation.

Owing to their natural abundance, seawater together with sunlight has a potential to meet the global challenges in terms of water scarcity and energy crisis. Herein, we demonstrate a solar vapor generator composed of an inner flame candle soot (IFCS) deposited on a cellulose filter paper (FP) prepared by a simple two-step process. The resultant IFCS/FP device exhibits a high photothermal conversion ability owing to the broadband solar absorption of the IFCS layer along with the multiple scattering of the incoming sunlight in the porous microstructure of the cellulose FP.

Selective Growth and Robust Valley Polarization of Bilayer 3-MoS.

Noncentrosymmetric transition-metal dichalcogenides, particularly their 3 polymorphs, provide a robust setting for valleytronics. Here, we report on the selective growth of monolayers and bilayers of MoS, which were acquired from two closely but differently oriented substrates in a chemical vapor deposition reactor. It turns out that as-grown bilayers are predominantly 3-type, not more common 2-type, as verified by microscopic and spectroscopic characterization.

Highly Efficient Solar Vapor Generation via a Simple Morphological Alteration of TiO Films Grown on a Glassy Carbon Foam.

Effectively utilizing eco-friendly solar energy for desalination and wastewater purification has immense potential to overcome the global water crisis. Herein, we demonstrate a highly efficient solar vapor generator (SVG) developed via a simple morphological alteration, from a two-dimensional (2D) TiO film (TF) to one-dimensional (1D) TiO nanorods (TNRs) grown on a glassy carbon foam (CF). Given that evaporation is primarily a surface physical phenomenon, the 1D morphology of TNRs provides a higher evaporation surface area compared to their 2D counterpart.

Monitoring of field-evolved resistance to flonicamid, neonicotinoid, and conventional insecticides in the Oxycarenus hyalinipennis costa.

Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa is a polyphagous insect pest and can develop insecticide resistance. The resistance of O. hyalinipennis to neonicotinoids (clothianidin and dinotefuran), flonicamid, and conventional insecticides; carbamates (methomyl and carbosulfon), organophosphates (chlorpyrifos and malathion), and pyrethroids (cypermethrin and zeta-cypermethrin) was evaluated.

Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Critical Review of an Underrecognized but Disrupting Entity.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a common gastrointestinal (GI) problem, but its diagnosis is often missed in the clinical setting. Because its diagnosis mostly requires invasive testing, often its true prevalence is unknown. Commonly presenting complaints include abdominal distension, diarrhea, and malabsorption.

Association of Complicated Diverticulitis With Development of De Novo Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: There has been a historic similarity in the epidemiology and pathophysiology of diverticular disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because there are limited to no data on the role of diverticulitis as a potential risk factor for de novo IBD, we aimed to evaluate the role of diverticulitis and complicated diverticulitis as a potential predictor of IBD.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, single-center study including patients older than age 18 years who were diagnosed with diverticulitis from January 2012 until December 2018 without a prior diagnosis of IBD.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Chronic Inflammatory Conditions of the Pouch.

Background: Pouchitis can be a chronic complication of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis (CARP) and other inflammatory conditions of the pouch.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series of adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who underwent ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and then developed CARP and received HBOT between January 2015 and October 2019.

A giant coronary artery ectasia successfully managed conservatively.

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) is a rare condition characterized by abnormal dilatation of the coronary arteries. We present a case of a 77-year-old gentleman who presented with atypical chest pain and was found to have elevated cardiac enzymes. He underwent diagnostic left heart catheterization which revealed left main CAA and significant left circumflex stenosis.

A rare association of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy with neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a potentially fatal neurological condition secondary to antipsychotic medication. It is characterized by distinctive clinical findings and autonomic disturbances. NMS has not been associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM).

Risk Factors Associated With Postendoscopic Mucosal Resection Bleeding in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background And Aim: There is limited data regarding the safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) in the cirrhotic population. Our study aimed to evaluate the safety of colonoscopic EMR in cirrhosis.

Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective review of cirrhotics who underwent colonic EMR at 8 Cleveland Clinic Centers between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2018.

Multiloculated Liver Abscess Caused by Fusobacterium: Role of Karius Testing in Diagnosis.

Pyogenic liver abscess can be a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge despite advances in cutting edge technologies. A patient presented with fever, right upper quadrant pain and diarrhea. CT revealed multiple hypodensities in both lobes of liver.

Colon mucosal neoplasia referred for endoscopic mucosal resection: Recurrence of adenomas and prediction of submucosal invasion.

Background: Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is an effective and minimally invasive alternative to surgery for large polyps and laterally spreading lesions. Gross morphology and surface characteristics may help predict submucosal invasion of the lesion (SMIL) during endoscopic evaluation. This is one of the largest single-center studies reporting endoscopic mucosal resection for larger (≥ 20 mm) colorectal lesions in the United States.

Hyperplastic Gastric Polyp Causing Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage and Acute Blood Loss Anemia.

Hyperplastic polyps are the second most common type of gastric polyp in the United States with equal incidence in both genders, usually found incidentally during endoscopic examinations. It is a well-known fact that they are associated with iron-deficiency anemia due to chronic blood loss. We present a case of a 69-year-old man with a relatively small hyperplastic gastric polyp with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding, presenting with melena and acute blood loss anemia requiring admission to intensive care unit and urgent endoscopic intervention with hot snare removal of the polyp and cautery of surrounding area with excellent hemostasis.

Focal Active Colitis Presented With Chronic Diarrhea.

There are various etiologies of colonic injury and inflammation. The most commonly described colitides in clinical practice are associated with infection, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia, radiation and medications. The colonic wall has a limited set of responses to different types of injury; therefore, there is overlap between many of these disorders.

Comparing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (AVR) With Surgical AVR in Lower Risk Patients: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Background: Transcutaneous aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a novel percutaneous procedure for severe aortic stenosis and has been recently approved by Food and Drug Administration in lower risk patients. We performed the first ever meta-analysis and literature review of clinical trials comparing both 30-day and 1-year outcomes in lower risk patients undergoing TAVR vs. surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR, having Society of Thoracic Surgeons score < 4% or equivalent).