[Economic efficacy of thoracoscopic treatment for pleural empyema in children].

Results of treatment carried out during 1989-2000 years were analyzed in 164 children with pleural empyema. Economic analysis proves that videothoracoscopic pleural cavity sanation is more beneficial in acute period in 1.7 times and in long-term period--in 1.

[Diagnostics and thoracoscopic treatment of pleural empyema in younger children].

174 children of all ages with acute destructive pneumonia complicated with pleural empyema were treated during 10 ten years using videothoracoscopic method; among them 74 children were of younger age (43%). General principles of modern diagnostics and videothoracoscopic pleural cavity sanations were formulated. Ultrasonography and computer tomography of the chest carried out in younger children give possibilities for clear differential diagnostics with other diseases.

[The diagnosis and surgical treatment of hydatid disease of the liver in children].

An experience with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of hydatid disease of the liver included 191 patients aged from 2 through 15 years, 26 of them had a combined involvement of the liver and lung, in 7 patients there were combined lesions with other organs. Complicated echinococcosis was noted in 25 children. Ultrasonography was given the main role in the diagnosis.

[Anesthesiologic support of videothorascopic operations in children with pleural empyema].

Total anesthesia for videothoracoscopic operations in children with pleural empyema is difficult because of severe clinical status and single-lung ventilation. Hemodynamics, blood gases, and oxygen transport were studied in 35 children aged 1.5-14 years with ASA class II-III.

[The functional classification of velopharyngeal closure after uranoplasty].

The new nasopharyngoscopic functional classification of palatopharyngeal joining is based on the results of examinations of 57 children with congenital uranoschisis after uranoplasty and 19 healthy children aged 5 to 14 years by nasopharyngoendoscopy. The classification defines the causes of palatopharyngeal insufficiency and for the first time takes into consideration the disagreement between the palatopharyngeal lock and articulation. The proposed classification helps select the most effective method of rehabilitation of the above patient population and helps follow up the time course of changes in the function of the palatopharyngeal lock under the effect of treatment.

[The treatment of appendicular peritonitis complicated by septic shock in childhood].

The article presents an analysis of results of treatment of 39 children from 1 to 14 years of age with diagnosis of appendicular peritonitis complicated by septic shock. It was shown that complex pathogenetic treatment with controlled laparostomy, necessary compulsory or subsidiary artificial pulmonary ventilation before and after operative intervention, associated use of afferent methods allowed to decrease the number of lethal outcomes from 54.5 to 11.