Management of Giant Type II Arteriovenous Malformation of the Neck With Heart Failure in a Pediatric Patient With Coil and NLE Embolization: A Case Report.

Purpose: Although arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are typically benign lesions, massive ones can lead to severe complications, including heart failure. Notably, there is no standardized treatment for AVMs. Moreover, management of AVMs can be challenging when these lesions involve vital organ systems, such as the head and neck.

A new method measurement for finger range of motion using a smartphone.

The protractor-based goniometer is the standard instrument used to measure finger range of motion (ROM). However, the method is often complicated to apply and places a burden on the investigator. Here, we developed a new method for finger ROM measurement using a smartphone.