Prediction of Intestinal Perforation by Daily Radiographic Findings in Very Low Birth Weight Infants With Meconium Ileus.

Background: This study aimed to develop a prediction model for intestinal perforation from meconium ileus (MI) based on findings from plain X-ray images.

Methods: Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with MI hospitalized in two tertiary centers between 2011 and 2022 were included in this study. We retrospectively reviewed clinical parameters and assessed plain X-ray images from 0 to 5 days of age.

The Effectiveness of Heat-Killed K15 in Preventing Respiratory Tract Infections in Preterm Infants: A Pilot Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

Background: Preterm infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) have a risk of severe viral respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Researchers have recently reported the potential use of postbiotics to decrease RTIs in young children. However, the safety and efficacy of postbiotics for preventing RTIs in preterm infants is not yet established.

Effect of multi-strain bifidobacteria supplementation on intestinal microbiota development in low birth weight neonates: a randomized controlled trial.

Single-strain species are commonly used as probiotics with low birth weight neonates. However, the effectiveness and safety of multi-strain supplementation are not well known. Thirty-six neonates weighing less than 2,000 g (558-1,943 g) at birth and admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit were randomly assigned to receive a single strain or triple strains of with lactulose enterally for 4 weeks from birth.

High Efficacy and Safety of Asciminib in a Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patient with Chronic Kidney Disease Following Renal Transplantation.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm driven by the BCR::ABL1 tyrosine kinase. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been established as standard therapies for CML. However, some CML patients experience TKI intolerance.

Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome in a Patient with Multiple Comorbidities, Including MALT Lymphoma with IgA Monoclonal Gammopathy and Hyperviscosity Syndrome.

Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (aVWS) develops with various underlying diseases. We herein report an individual with aVWS associated with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in the lungs complicated by hyperviscosity syndrome, Sjögren's syndrome, and hypothyroidism. This patient developed life-threatening hemorrhaging during a lung biopsy despite transfusion of concentrate of plasma-derived VWF/factor VIII.

A Case of Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome Complicated by Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia.

We here report a 21-year-old male who presented with acute myelomonocytic leukemia (AMML) associated with acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS). To our knowledge, this is the first case of AVWS caused by AMML. In our case, following remission-induction chemotherapy combined with idarubicin and cytarabine, the patient showed remarkable improvement of bleeding symptoms due to AVWS.

Inter-agency collaboration factors affecting multidisciplinary workers' ability to identify child maltreatment.

Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the factors of successful inter-agency collaboration that affect multidisciplinary workers' abilities to identify child maltreatment. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted; the contents of the questionnaire included the Collaboration Evaluation Scale we developed and the workers' abilities to identify child maltreatment. In total, 277 individuals from various agencies in Japan participated in this study.

The Effect of Grandmothers' Presence on the Provision of Multidisciplinary Perinatal Support for Pregnant and Postpartum Women with Psychosocial Problems.

Background: Pregnant and postpartum women with psychosocial problems are prone to face limited or absent perinatal functional support from biological grandmothers due to familial dysfunction. The study aimed to investigate whether the involvement and presence of biological maternal grandmothers providing practical support for their pre/postnatal daughters (ie, pregnant women) during the perinatal period may influence the number of support services provided by multidisciplinary agencies, including child consultation centers and municipal offices.

Participants And Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study based on the medical records of all pregnant women with psychosocial problems that visited, gave birth, and received intervention from the hospital-based child protection unit at the Chiba University Hospital between February 2018 to March 2019.

Two pediatric cases of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction of gastric lavage.

Detecting Pneumocystis jirovecii by bronchoalveolar lavage or lung biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP); however, these techniques are not always applicable in children because of their high invasiveness. We report two pediatric cases of PJP diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of gastric lavage that were successfully treated.

Hospital-based child protection teams that care for parents who abuse or neglect their children recognize the need for multidisciplinary collaborative practice involving perinatal care and mental health professionals: a questionnaire survey conducted in Japan.

Background: Child abuse and/or neglect is a serious issue, and in many cases, parents are the perpetrators. Hospital-based child protection teams (CPTs) play pivotal roles in the management of not only abused and/or neglected children but also of their parents; this is generally conducted through multidisciplinary practice. The aim of this study is to survey hospital-based CPT members to determine the professions they perceive to be most applicable to participation in CPTs.

Nationwide survey of neonatal invasive fungal infection in Japan.

Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is a life-threating infectious disease in high-risk neonates. Strategies for the treatment and prevention of IFI in neonates in Japan remain unclear. We conducted a nationwide retrospective survey to determine IFI incidence between January 2014 and October 2015.

Normal lactate concentration range in the neonatal brain.

Objective: Lactate peaks are occasionally observed during in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) scans of the neonatal brain, even in healthy patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the normal range of neonatal brain lactate concentration, as a definitive normal range would be clinically valuable.

Methods: Using a clinical 3T scanner (echo/repetition times, 30/5000ms), single-voxel MRS data were obtained from the basal ganglia (BG) and centrum semiovale (CS) in 48 healthy neonates (postconceptional age (PCA), 30-43weeks), nine infants (age, 1-12months old), and 20 children (age, 4-15years).

Neonatal brain metabolite concentrations: an in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy study with a clinical MR system at 3 Tesla.

Brain metabolite concentrations change dynamically throughout development, especially during early childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the brain metabolite concentrations of neonates (postconceptional age (PCA): 30 to 43 weeks) using single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and to discuss the relationships between the changes in the concentrations of such metabolites and brain development during the neonatal period. A total of 83 neonatal subjects were included using the following criteria: the neonates had to be free of radiological abnormalities, organic illness, and neurological symptoms; the MR spectra had to have signal-to-noise ratios ≥ 4; and the estimated metabolite concentrations had to display Cramér-Rao lower bounds of ≤ 30%.

Nationwide survey of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome in Japan revealing the low frequency of basal cell carcinoma.

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS) is characterized by developmental defects and tumorigenesis. The clinical manifestations of NBCCS have been reported in large epidemiological studies from the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, but not from an Asian country. We conducted a nationwide survey and identified 311 NBCCS patients in Japan.

[PTCH1 gene analysis in 25 Japanese patients with Gorlin syndrome].

Gorlin syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital anomalies and tumorigenesis. The gene responsible for Gorlin syndrome is PTCH1, a human homologue of the Drosophila segment polarity gene, patched. We analysed the PTCH1 gene in 25 patients in 22 families with Gorlin syndrome.

[Clinical manifestations in 25 Japanese patients with Gorlin syndrome].

We investigated the clinical manifestations of 25 Japanese patients with Gorlin syndrome. We revealed the frequencies of major five symptoms in Japanese Gorlin syndrome patients, i.e.