Substance use disorders (SUDs) are increasingly prevalent in the U.S. and are connected to specific types of cardiovascular (CVD) and cerebrovascular disorders (CeVD) among hospitalized patients.
A study of the National Inpatient Sample (2016-2017) found that over 21% of hospitalizations involved SUDs, particularly affecting younger individuals, males, and those with lower incomes.
Significant links were identified between SUDs and various vascular events, such as acute ischemic strokes and myocardial infarctions, with higher odds ratios for specific substances like amphetamines, cocaine, and nicotine.
Prospective studies indicate that direct anticoagulants, rivaroxaban and apixaban, are safe and effective when used during radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF), though no comparative studies exist.
A study of 358 patients revealed no significant differences in outcomes or complications between those taking apixaban and those on rivaroxaban during the procedure.
Results show low rates of thromboembolic events and pericardial effusions for both medications, affirming that their uninterrupted use during AF RFA is safe and comparable.