The role of duel hydrolysis of soybean on functional properties and protein digestibility: a sustainable approach.

Background: Protein hydrolysates derived from food sources contains enormous number of peptides which are composed of amino acid possessess various bioactive properties. However, the use of protein hydrolysates as a nutraceutical is hindered due to their unpleasant flavour. The study aims to enhance the biological activity and palatability of protein hydrolysates.

Effect of Nutrition on Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Insights from a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model.

Objectives: Literature suggests that a high-fat diet (HFD) potentially increases the risk of chemical/drug-induced toxicity after an acute overdose. Drug/chemical-induced hepatotoxicity has been well studied, and the mechanism that regulates this toxicity has been extensively examined using different experimental animal models. Our study focuses on drug-induced hepatotoxicity in HFD-fed female Balb/C mice.

Lutein and the Underlying Neuroprotective Promise against Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) are the two most common progressive neurodegenerative diseases with limited knowledge on their cause and, presently, have no cure. There is an existence of multiple treatment methods that target only the symptoms temporarily and do not stop the progression or prevent the onset of disease. Neurodegeneration is primarily attributed to the natural process of aging and the deleterious effects of heightened oxidative stress within the brain, whether via direct or indirect mechanisms.

Fucoxanthin, a Functional Food Ingredient: Challenges in Bioavailability.

Purpose Of Review: Fucoxanthin is an orange-red xanthophyll carotenoid found in brown seaweeds and known for its many bioactive properties. In recent years, the bioactive properties of fucoxanthin have been widely explored, making it a compound of immense interest for various health applications like anti-cancer, anti-tumour, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity properties. However, the poor bioavailability and instability of fucoxanthin in the gastrointestinal tract have major limitations.

Oxidative stability of lutein on exposure to varied extrinsic factors.

Unlabelled: Pre-processing treatments performed on lutein sources can cause it to degrade, generating superfluous metabolites and lowering lutein's bioactivity. However, evidences suggesting extent of reduction in functional stability of lutein on exposure to such treatment conditions are nil. This study is first of its kind, where we attempted to gain clarity on the extent of degradation caused by the changes in temperature (40-100 °C), pH (2-8) and duration of such treatments.

Cow ghee as an efficient carrier to improve oral bioavailability of lutein.

In India, cow-ghee has been used in traditional medicinal preparations to solubilize lipophilic drugs and enhance intestinal absorption. However, reports exploring the role of cow-ghee, naturally rich in saturated fatty acids, in carotenoid chemistry is nil. We attempted to understand the influence of fatty-acid composition of cow-ghee and edible oils on intestinal absorption of lutein in mice.

Hsp70 overexpression in Drosophila hemocytes attenuates benzene-induced immune and developmental toxicity via regulating ROS/JNK signaling pathway.

Benzene, a ubiquitous environmental chemical, is known to cause immune dysfunction and developmental defects. This study aims to investigate the relation between benzene-induced immune dysfunction and developmental toxicity in a genetically tractable animal model, Drosophila melanogaster. Further, the study explored the protective role of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) against benzene-induced immunotoxicity and subsequent developmental impact.

Isolation and characterization of ACE-I inhibitory peptides from ribbonfish for a potential inhibitor of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2: An in silico analysis.

Recently, multifunctional fish peptides (FWPs) have gained a lot of attention because of their different biological activities. In the present study, three angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE-I) inhibitory peptides [Ala-Pro-Asp-Gly (APDG), Pro-Thr-Arg (PTR), and Ala-Asp (AD)] were isolated and characterized from ribbonfish protein hydrolysate (RFPH) and described their mechanism of action on ACE activity. As per the results, peptide PTR showed ≈ 2 and 2.

Antihypertensive activity of orally consumed ACE-I inhibitory peptides.

Food proteins are sources for ACE-I inhibitory peptides that can be extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis exhibiting anti-hypertensive activity. However, these peptides are prone to further degradation by gastrointestinal enzymes during oral consumption. Bio-activity of these peptides is dependent on the resultant peptide post gastrointestinal digestion.

Genetic factors involved in modulating lutein bioavailability.

Lutein exhibits effective antioxidant activity conferring protective action against oxidative stress in age-related macular degeneration and cognitive decline. The inability to synthesize these compounds by the human body and the necessity to combat day-to-day oxidative stress prioritizes daily consumption of lutein. However, the bioavailability of the orally consumed lutein largely depends on its gastrointestinal absorption and subsequent metabolism which is in turn governed by various intrinsic and extrinsic factors.

Nutraceutical approach to enhance lutein bioavailability via nanodelivery systems.

Lutein, a potent dietary carotenoid, has considerable biological activity and confers protection against age-related macular degeneration. Its bioavailability following consumption, however, depends on its rate of degradation. Nanodelivery systems with improved efficacy and stability are currently being developed to increase the bioavailability of lutein.

Risk Factors for Nuclear and Cortical Cataracts: A Hospital Based Study.

Purpose: To evaluate risk factors associated with nuclear and cortical cataracts among a hospital based sample of subjects in Southern India.

Methods: In this hospital-based study, 3,549 subjects including 2,090 male and 1,459 female individuals aged 45 years and over were randomly screened for nuclear and cortical cataracts. Lens opacity was graded and classified after pupil dilation using the lens opacities classification system (LOCS) III at the slit lamp.

Dietary Components Affect the Plasma and Tissue Levels of Lutein in Aged Rats with Lutein Deficiency--A Repeated Gavage and Dietary Study.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to find out the influence of selected dietary components on plasma and tissue response of repeated micellar and dietary lutein in aged rats with lutein deficiency. In repeated (16 d) gavage study, micellar lutein was co-ingested with either phosphatidylcholine (PC), lyso-phosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), β-carotene, dietary fiber or vegetable fat (3% soybean oil). In dietary study, rats were fed (4 wk) semi-synthetic diet either with lutein + PC, lutein + dietary fiber or B.

Quality characteristics and lutein bioavailability from maize and vegetable-based health food.

Health food (ready-mix) was prepared from maize and vegetables a source of lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) and studied for its quality characteristics (moisture sorption isotherm, sensory, microbiological, chemical composition, and storage stability) on storage at varying temperatures for 3 months and L+Z bioavailability in mice. Results revealed a decrease in the L+Z level (4.70, 9.

Dietary and lifestyle risk factors associated with age-related macular degeneration: a hospital based study.

Aim: To establish the frequency, associations and risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in hospital population of South India.

Materials And Methods: In this cross-sectional hospital based study, 3549 subjects (2090 men and 1459 women) above 45 years of age were screened randomly for AMD. Participants underwent ocular evaluation and were interviewed for lifestyle variables and dietary intake of carotenoids by structured food frequency questionnaire.

Olive oil improves the intestinal absorption and bioavailability of lutein in lutein-deficient mice.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of olive (OO), groundnut (GNO), soybean (SBO), sunflower (SFO), rice bran (RBO), corn (CO), palm (PO) oil or mixed micelle (control) on absorption kinetics and bioavailability of lutein in lutein-deficient mice. Additional aim was to correlate the activity of intestinal triacylglycerol lipase with intestinal and plasma lutein levels.

Methods: After induction of lutein deficiency, mice (n = 165) were divided into eight groups (OO, SFO, GNO, RBO, PO, CO, SBO and control; n = 20/group) and the remaining (n = 5) were used as baseline (0 h).

Effect of micellar lipids, dietary fiber and β-carotene on lutein bioavailability in aged rats with lutein deficiency.

Objective: To determine the effect of various dietary components on the intestinal uptake of lutein in aged rats.

Methods: This study determined the time-course (2, 4, 6, 8 h) plasma and tissue responses of a pharmacologic dose of lutein (200 μM) solubilized in mixed micelles with fat (3%, soybean oil), phosphatidylcholine (PC; 3 mM), lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC; 3 mM), dietary fiber (pectin, 1.25%), β-carotene (200 μM), or micelles with no dietary components (control) in aged rats with lutein deficiency.