mutant melanoma arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus in an infant.

Pediatric melanomas are uncommon and sometimes arise in the background of giant congenital melanocytic nevus (GCMN). A 1-year-old girl was born with GCMN affecting her left half of the face and smaller nodules affecting trunk, hands, and feet. She developed an ulcerated lesion on the left temporoparietal scalp.

Squash cytology of a case of medulloblastoma with myogenic differentiation.

Medulloblastoma with myogenic differentiation is not a distinct entity but a pattern of differentiation seen in <1% of medulloblastomas. Although squash cytology of medulloblastoma is well described, there are no reports available describing squash cytomorphology of this unusual variant of medulloblastoma. Intraoperative squash smears on a 2-year-old girl with a midline posterior fossa space occupying lesion revealed features of an embryonal tumor composed of small, round, and blue cells.

Diagnostic and prognostic utility of SF1, IGF2 and p57 immunoexpression in pediatric adrenal cortical tumors.

Background: Adrenocortical tumors (ACT) are uncommon in the pediatric age group. Using the standard Weiss criteria in pediatric tumors leads to overdiagnosis. This has led to the development of newer systems such as Weineke criteria.

Cytological diagnosis of mesoblastic nephroma: A report of three cases with summary of prior published cases.

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) is a rare pediatric renal neoplasm, occurring most commonly in the first few months of life, with a favourable clinical outcome. Accurate pre-operative cytological diagnosis of this entity is important as pre-operative chemotherapy is not recommended and surgery is the treatment of choice. Cytodiagnosis of this rare tumor is discussed in only a few case reports.

High-grade plasmablastic neoplasm of humerus in an HIV-negative patient, which was indeterminate between plasmablastic lymphoma and plasmablastic myeloma.

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) of bone is a rare neoplasm that shares many confusing cytomorphological and immunohistochemical features with plasmablastic plasma cell myeloma (PBPCM). A 47-year-old female patient presented with a bony swelling and bone pain in the left humerus for the last 6 months. On radiological examination (x-ray and computed tomography) it appeared to be a lytic lesion, and a pathological fracture was detected.

Neurofibroma of kidney: an uncommon neoplasm and diagnostic dilemma with solitary fibrous tumor.

Neurofibroma of kidney is an extremely rare tumor. To our knowledge, only five such cases have been reported worldwide till date. Here, we report a solitary neurofibroma of right kidney in a 54-year-old woman.

Gaucher's disease with uncommon presentations.

Gaucher's disease is the most common lysosomal storage disorder gene defect, which leads to deficiency or decreased activity of glucocerebrosidase, followed by accumulation of glucosylceramide. There is autosomal recessive transmission leading to varied clinical manifestations. This disease has three main types: Type I - nonneuronopathic; type II - acute neuronopathic; and type III - chronic neuronopathic.

Fine needle aspiration cytology of parapharyngeal tumors.

Background: Parapharyngeal tumors are rare and often pose diagnostic difficulties due to their location and plethora of presentations.

Objectives: The study was undertaken to study the occurrence in the population and to evaluate the exact nature by fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).

Materials And Methods: A total of five hundred and six cases of lateral neck lesions were studied over three and half years.

Role of cytology in diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas with special reference to false positive cases.

Background: Histological diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas is a difficult job not only for diverse architecture of different variants but also for variability in picture among different parts of a single tumor. Thus, cytodiagnosis of these tumors is one of the most challenging jobs.

Aims: To evaluate the role of fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of soft tissue malignancies and discuss the false-positive cases with particular reference to causes of misdiagnosis and possible ways of correction.

Extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as an ovarian mass.

An 8-year-old female presented with an abdominal lump. A ultrasonography showed a heterogeneous, mainly solid space-occupying lesion with few cystic components and irregular margin in both adnexae measuring 10.5 x 5.

Recurrent and aggressive chondroblastoma: a case report.

Recurrent chondroblastoma with pulmonary and palatal metastasis is a rare occurrence. We report the cytological and histological findings of such a case in a 33 years old male, where the primary diagnosis of metastatic chondroblastoma was made on FNAC, which was later confirmed on histopathology. The present case highlights that, some chondroblastomas do exist, that are capable of pursuing a malignant course.

Cytodiagnosis of filarial infections from an endemic area.

Objective: To throw light on cytologic findings as a possible mode of diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis.

Study Design: Filariasis has worldwide distribution, but lymphatic filariasis predominantly affects tropical and subtropical regions. Demonstration of microfilaremia, the specific test for diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis, often shows false negative results in endemic areas.