Transcriptome analysis of human dermal fibroblasts following red light phototherapy.

Fibrosis occurs when collagen deposition and fibroblast proliferation replace healthy tissue. Red light (RL) may improve skin fibrosis via photobiomodulation, the process by which photosensitive chromophores in cells absorb visible or near-infrared light and undergo photophysical reactions. Our previous research demonstrated that high fluence RL reduces fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, and migration.

Light emitting diode-red light for reduction of post-surgical scarring: Results from a dose-ranging, split-face, randomized controlled trial.

Scarring has significant esthetic and functional consequences for patients. A need exists for anti-scarring therapeutics. Light emitting diode-red light (LED-RL) has been shown to modulate skin fibrosis.

Facial rejuvenation using photodynamic therapy with a novel preparation of ALA and hyaluronic acid in young adults.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established, non-invasive treatment modality that has shown desirable effects such as improvement of fine lines, dyspigmentation, and other signs of photodamage. Many patients seek to decrease, or reverse, effects of sun damage on the skin. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found in the body, has enormous potential to bind water which allows the skin to retain moisture and maintain elasticity.

Energy conversion efficiency in betavoltaic cells based on the diamond Schottky diode with a thin drift layer.

The HPHT diamond Schottky diode was assembled as a Metal/Intrinsic/p-doped structure betavoltaic cell (BC) with a very thin (1 μm) drift layer and tested under 5-30 keV electron beam irradiation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of the β-radiation energy and the backscattering of electrons on the energy conversion was studied. From the results obtained, it is shown that, the efficiency of the investigated BC increases from 1.

The IL-4/IL-13 axis in skin fibrosis and scarring: mechanistic concepts and therapeutic targets.

Skin fibrosis, characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition in the dermis, is the histopathologic hallmark of dermatologic diseases such as systemic sclerosis, hypertrophic scars, and keloids. Effective anti-scarring therapeutics remain an unmet need, underscoring the complex pathophysiologic mechanisms of skin fibrosis. The Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 have been implicated as key mediators in the pathogenesis of fibroproliferative disorders.

Safety of light emitting diode-red light on human skin: Two randomized controlled trials.

Therapeutic applications of light emitting diode-red light (LED-RL) are expanding, yet data on its clinical effects are lacking. Our goal was to evaluate the safety of high fluence LED-RL (≥160 J/cm ). In two phase I, single-blind, dose escalation, randomized controlled trials, healthy subjects received LED-RL or mock irradiation to the forearm thrice weekly for 3 weeks at fluences of 160-640 J/cm for all skin types (STARS 1, n = 60) and at 480-640 J/cm for non-Hispanic Caucasians (STARS 2, n = 55).

Updates on Treatment Approaches for Cutaneous Field Cancerization.

Purpose Of Review: Field cancerization describes the phenomenon that multiple heterogenous mutations may arise in an area exposed to chronic carcinogenic stimuli. Advances in the understanding of cutaneous field cancerization have led to novel therapeutic approaches to the management of actinic keratoses (AKs). Herein, we review the literature on the pathophysiology and emerging research of field cancerization in dermatology.

MicroRNA expression analysis of human skin fibroblasts treated with high-fluence light-emitting diode-red light.

Skin fibrosis is a chronic debilitating feature of several skin diseases that lead to characteristic increases in dermal fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition through upregulation in components of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B)/SMAD pathway. In contrast to ultraviolet phototherapy, high-fluence light-emitting diode-generated red light (HF-LED-RL, 633 ± 15 nm) is a safe, economic and non-invasive therapy with in vitro evidence that supports modulation of the key cellular characteristics involved in the pathogenesis of skin fibrosis. Limited data exists pertaining to the effects of HF-LED-RL on human skin fibroblast microRNA (miRNA).

High-Fluence Light-Emitting Diode-Generated Red Light Modulates the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Pathway in Human Skin Fibroblasts.

Background: Skin fibrosis is a significant medical problem with limited available treatment modalities. The key cellular characteristics include increased fibroblast proliferation, collagen production, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-B)/SMAD pathway signaling. The authors have previously shown that high-fluence light-emitting diode red light (HF-LED-RL) decreases cellular proliferation and collagen production.

Light-emitting diodes in dermatology: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: In dermatology, patient and physician adoption of light-emitting diode (LED) medical technology continues to grow as research indicates that LEDs may be used to treat skin conditions. The goal of this systematic review is to critically analyze published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and provide evidence-based recommendations on the therapeutic uses of LEDs in dermatology based on published efficacy and safety data.

Methods: A systematic review of the published literature on the use of LED treatments for skin conditions was performed on September 13th 2017.

Mn Doped AIZS/ZnS Nanocrystals: Synthesis and Optical Properties.

In this work, Mn doped AIZS/ZnS (Mn:AIZS/ZnS) nanocrystals (NCs) have been synthesized in an approach using heat-up and drop-wise addition of precursors. On the basis of the characterization of these doped NCs on their optical properties and materials, it is found that: (1) as more Mn atoms are doped into NCs, the doped NCs present photoluminescence (PL) red-shift and quantum yield quenching; (2) the doped NCs possess a short PL lifetime in tens of microseconds and a long PL lifetime in hundreds of microseconds, and the short lived PL is more dominant than the long lived one; and (3) the doped NCs present a reversible PL thermal quenching in a range from room temperature to 170°C. Possible PL mechanisms of these NCs were discussed by analyzing their time-resolved PL spectra and thermal stability.

Thermal Ultra Short Photodynamic Therapy: Heating Fibroblasts During Sub-30-Minute Incubation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Increases Photodynamic Therapy-Induced Cell Death.

Background: Actinic keratoses (AKs) prevalence was estimated at 39.5 million Americans in 2004, and the cost to treat AKs that year was approximately 1 billion dollars. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an FDA-approved therapy for the treatment of AK.

Striae Distensae: Preventative and Therapeutic Modalities to Improve Aesthetic Appearance.

Background: Striae distensae (SD) are aesthetically troublesome to patients and therapeutically challenging.

Objective: Herein, the authors comprehensively review the literature pertaining to the history, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, clinical rating scales, and laboratory, imaging, and histologic features of SD.

Methods And Materials: A review of PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Google scholar was conducted, including literature published from 1773 to August 6, 2016.

Efficacy of ultra short sub-30 minute incubation of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy in vitro.

Background And Objective: The estimated incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is 700,000 cases per year. In the US, SCC incidence is highest among fair skinned adults older than 50 years of age. Thus, as the population ages, the reported number of SCCs will likely increase in the future.

Laser and light-based therapy for cutaneous and soft-tissue metastases of malignant melanoma: a systematic review.

Invasive cutaneous melanoma is a growing health concern. Although surgical excision can effectively treat in situ tumors, use for metastatic melanoma is limited. Laser and light-based therapies may be a valuable palliative treatment option for patients with stage III and stage IV cutaneous metastatic melanoma.

Successful Treatment of Traumatic Onychodystrophy and Associated Pterygium Unguis With Fractionated Carbon Dioxide Laser: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Onychodystrophy is a common, chronic malformation of the nail that is aesthetically displeasing and can signi cantly impact patient quality-of-life. Onychodystrophy can be associated with pterygium unguis that contributes to pain and appears as a V-shaped exten- sion of the proximal nail fold skin. Treatment options are limited, and topical or intralesional corticosteroids have minimal ef cacy and cause signi cant patient discomfort.

The Combination of Resveratrol and High-Fluence Light Emitting Diode-Red Light Produces Synergistic Photobotanical Inhibition of Fibroblast Proliferation and Collagen Synthesis: A Novel Treatment for Skin Fibrosis.

Background: Skin fibrosis is a debilitating condition that significantly impacts patient quality of life. Ultraviolet phototherapy is currently used to treat several diseases featuring skin fibrosis. High-fluence light-emitting diode-generated red light (HF-LED-RL) does not cause DNA damage associated with skin cancer, and it is generally regarded as safe, portable, and cost-effective.

Visible Red Light Emitting Diode Photobiomodulation for Skin Fibrosis: Key Molecular Pathways.

Skin fibrosis, also known as skin scarring, is an important global health problem that affects an estimated 100 million persons per year worldwide. Current therapies are associated with significant side effects and even with combination therapy, progression, and recurrence is common. Our goal is to review the available published data available on light-emitting diode-generated (LED) red light phototherapy for treatment of skin fibrosis.

Resveratrol Prevents Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Effects of Light-Emitting Diode-Generated Blue Light in Human Skin Fibroblasts.

Background: Light-emitting diode-generated blue light (LED-BL) is part of the visible light spectrum that does not cause DNA damage and may represent a safer alternative to ultraviolet phototherapy. Previous research demonstrated that LED-BL can inhibit adult human skin fibroblast proliferation and migration speed and is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, resveratrol possesses potent intracellular antioxidative effects on ROS-free radicals in human skin fibroblasts.

High fluence light emitting diode-generated red light modulates characteristics associated with skin fibrosis.

Skin fibrosis, often referred to as skin scarring, is a significant international health problem with limited treatment options. The hallmarks of skin fibrosis are increased fibroblast proliferation, collagen production, and migration speed. Recently published clinical observations indicate that visible red light may improve skin fibrosis.

Temperature-dependent impact of thermal aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation in human dermal fibroblasts.

Background: Actinic keratoses (AKs) are generally accepted as common precursor lesions to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a common, in-office, field therapy modality used in the treatment of AKs. Clinical and laboratory observations have demonstrated that temperature modulation can affect PDT efficacy.