Prospective study of positional nystagmus in 100 consecutive patients.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the various diagnoses of patients who present with positional nystagmus.

Methods: Positional maneuvers were systematically performed in the plane of the posterior canal (PC; Dix-Hallpike maneuver) and the horizontal canal (HC; patients were rolled to either side in a supine position) on 490 consecutive patients essentially referred for vertigo and/or gait unsteadiness.

Results: One hundred patients (20%) presented positional nystagmus.

Microsurgical anatomy of intralaryngeal distribution of the inferior laryngeal nerve.

The functional results of a partial laryngeal surgery or a laryngeal reinnervation depend on the precise knowledge of the intra laryngeal anatomy of the inferior laryngeal nerve (ILN). Ten human larynges without known laryngeal disorders were obtained from human cadavers for ILN microdissection. Intra laryngeal ILN branching patterns were determined bilaterally.