Multicentre analysis of seizure outcome predicted by removal of high frequency oscillations.

In drug-resistant focal epilepsy, planning surgical resection may involve presurgical intracranial EEG recordings (iEEG) to detect seizures and other iEEG patterns to improve postsurgical seizure outcome. We hypothesized that resection of tissue generating interictal high frequency oscillations (HFOs, 80-500 Hz) in the iEEG predicts surgical outcome. Eight international epilepsy centres recorded iEEG during the patients' pre-surgical evaluation.

Immune imprinting: The persisting influence of the first antigenic encounter with rapidly evolving viruses.

Immune imprinting is a phenomenon that stems from the fundamentals of immunological memory. Upon recurrent exposures to an evolving pathogen, the immune system must weigh the benefits of rapidly recalling established antibody repertoires with greater affinity to the initial variant or invest additional time and energy in producing responses specific to the emerging variant. In this review, we delve into the mechanistic complexities of immune imprinting and its role in shaping subsequent immune responses, both and recall, against rapidly evolving respiratory viruses such as influenza and coronaviruses.

Seasonal human coronaviruses OC43, 229E, and NL63 induce cell surface modulation of entry receptors and display host cell-specific viral replication kinetics.

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted an increased interest in seasonal human coronaviruses. OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1 are endemic seasonal coronaviruses that cause the common cold and are associated with generally mild respiratory symptoms. In this study, we identified cell lines that exhibited cytopathic effects (CPE) upon infection by three of these coronaviruses and characterized their viral replication kinetics and the effect of infection on host surface receptor expression.

Predictors for and use of rescue medication in adults with epilepsy: A multicentre cross-sectional study from Germany.

Background: Seizure clusters, prolonged seizures, and status epilepticus are life-threatening neurological emergencies leading to irreversible neuronal damage. Benzodiazepines are current evidence-based rescue therapy options; however, recent investigations indicated the prescription of mainly unsuitable benzodiazepines and inappropriate use of rescue medication.

Objective: To examine current use, satisfaction, and adverse events concerning rescue medication in patients with epilepsy in Germany.

[Vestibular rehabilitation for peripheral vestibular hypofunction: an interdisciplinary consensus].

The literature review presents approaches to the management of patients with vestibular disorders. The principles of organization of vestibular rehabilitation in peripheral vestibular hypofunction, indications for appointment, factors influencing its implementation, technique, methods of evaluating effectiveness are considered in detail. Attention is drawn to the fact that the selection of exercises and the duration of vestibular rehabilitation is carried out individually and depends on many factors, including the nature of vestibular deficiency and the specific characteristics of the patient.

Different Protein Groups Involved in Transcription Regulation in Development and Housekeeping Genes in Drosophila.

Antibodies to histone modifications and an insulator protein involved in the processes of transcription initiation and elongation are mapped in Drosophila polytene chromosomes. The CHRIZ protein (chromatin insulator) and H3K36me3 histone modification (RNA elongation) are detected only in the localization of housekeeping genes (interbands and gray bands of polytene chromosomes) and never in the regions of developmental genes (black bands and large puffs arising from them). Antibodies to H3S10P histone modification, which is associated with the initial elongation of the RNA strand during transcription, are found exclusively in small puffs, but not in housekeeping gene localization sites or large ecdysone-induced puffs, where housekeeping genes are localized.

Characterization of Systemic and Mucosal Humoral Immune Responses to an Adjuvanted Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 Protein Subunit Vaccine Candidate in Mice.

Continuous viral evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in variants capable of immune evasion, vaccine breakthrough infections and increased transmissibility. New vaccines that invoke mucosal immunity may provide a solution to reducing virus transmission. Here, we evaluated the immunogenicity of intranasally administered subunit protein vaccines composed of a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike trimer or the receptor binding domain (RBD) adjuvanted with either cholera toxin (CT) or an archaeal lipid mucosal adjuvant (AMVAD).

Scalable agroinfiltration-based production of SARS-CoV-2 antigens for use in diagnostic assays and subunit vaccines.

Agroinfiltration is a method used in biopharming to support plant-based biosynthesis of therapeutic proteins such as antibodies and viral antigens involved in vaccines. Major advantages of generating proteins in plants is the low cost, massive scalability and the rapid yield of the technology. Herein, we report the agroinfiltration-based production of glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 Spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) protein.

Supply problems of antiseizure medication are common among epilepsy patients in Germany.

Objective: To evaluate the frequency of reported antiseizure medication (ASM) supply problems among patients with epilepsy (PWE) in Germany.

Methods: The Epi2020 study was a multicenter study focusing on different healthcare aspects of adult PWE in Germany. In addition to basic clinical and demographic characteristics, PWE were asked to answer a questionnaire regarding supply difficulties regarding their ASM, and if they had to discontinue ASM treatment due to supply problems.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health status and care of adults with epilepsy in Germany.

Background: To mitigate the potential consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on public life, the German Federal Government and Ministry of Health enacted a strict lockdown protocol on March 16, 2020. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical and mental health status and the supply of medical care and medications for people with epilepsy (PWE) in Germany.

Methods: The Epi2020 study was a large, multicenter study focused on different healthcare aspects of adults with epilepsy.

A scalable serology solution for profiling humoral immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.

Objectives: Antibody testing against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been instrumental in detecting previous exposures and analyzing vaccine-elicited immune responses. Here, we describe a scalable solution to detect and quantify SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, discriminate between natural infection- and vaccination-induced responses, and assess antibody-mediated inhibition of the spike-angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) interaction.

Methods: We developed methods and reagents to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Flow Virometry for Characterizing the Size, Concentration, and Surface Antigens of Viruses.

Application of flow cytometry principles for the analysis of viruses has been referred to as flow virometry (FVM). FVM is a multiparametric, high-throughput, and sensitive technique that allows viral particles to be detected, quantified, and characterized based on the biophysical properties of the virus and the expression of proteins on their surface. More specifically, by calibrating the flow cytometer with reference materials, it is possible to measure the concentration of intact viral particles in a sample, the abundance of a target antigen on the surface of the virus, and the relative diameter of the virus.

The Organization of Pericentromeric Heterochromatin in Polytene Chromosome 3 of the Line with the Mutations Suppressing Underreplication.

Although heterochromatin makes up 40% of the genome, its organization remains little explored, especially in polytene chromosomes, as it is virtually not represented in them due to underreplication. Two all-new approaches were used in this work: (i) with the use of a newly synthesized line that carries three mutations, , and , suppressing the underreplication of heterochromatic regions, we obtained their fullest representation in polytene chromosomes and described their structure; (ii) 20 DNA fragments with known positions on the physical map as well as molecular genetic features of the genome (gene density, histone marks, heterochromatin proteins, origin recognition complex proteins, replication timing sites and satellite DNAs) were mapped in the newly polytenized heterochromatin using FISH and bioinformatics data. The borders of the heterochromatic regions and variations in their positions on arm 3L have been determined for the first time.

Interim Results of the BYHEART Observational Study: Exogenous Phosphocreatine Effect on the Quality of life of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

Aim      Improvement of quality of life is one of the most important goals for the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). This study searched for ways to increase the efficiency of CHF treatment based on parameters of quality of life in CHF patients during and after the treatment with exogenous phosphocreatine (EP).Material and methods  The effect of a single course of EP treatment on quality of life of patients with functional class (FC) II-IV CHF with reduced or mid-range left ventricular ejection fraction was studied as a part of the all-Russia prospective observational study BYHEART.

[Methodological aspects of interpretation of thyroid-stimulating hormone reference intervals in the Northwest region megapolis hospital.].

The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is large and according to various studies is from 3 to 21%. In the Russian Federation to date, there are no major epidemiological studies assessing the functional state of the thyroid gland. It seems relevant to study the TSH level in patients who turned to the clinical units of a large hospital in the North-West region to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients of different sex and age.

HPV16 increases the number of migratory cancer stem cells and modulates their miRNA expression profile in oropharyngeal cancer.

Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) is a major risk for development of oropharyngeal squamous-cell-carcinoma (OPSCC). Although HPV OPSCC metastasize faster than HPV tumors, they have a better prognosis. The molecular and cellular alterations underlying this pathobiology of HPV OPSCC remain elusive.

[Preclinical studies of drugs on animal stroke models].

Preclinical studies are studies using experimental models of stroke in animals as well as on neurons, cell neuronal cultures and surviving brain slices. They directed both towards testing the efficacy and evaluation of the mechanisms of action of drugs, and the study of the mechanisms of ischemic damage to search for new targets for stroke treatment. This article shows the basic principles of the organization and planning of animal models of ischemic stroke.

[Values of the micronucleus test on animal epithelial cells exposed to titanium dioxide].

The genetic safety of titanium dioxide (TD)-containing foods and cosmetic products has been little investigated. The study evaluated the mutagenic activity of TD in the micronucleus test with animal visceral mucosal epithelial cells. Two simethicone-coated anatase samples (mean size 160 and 33.

Electron cotunneling into a Kondo lattice.

Motivated by recent experimental interest in tunneling into heavy-electron materials, we present a theory for electron tunneling into a Kondo lattice. The passage of an electron into a Kondo lattice is accompanied by a simultaneous spin flip of the localized moments via cotunneling mechanism. We compute the tunneling current with the large-N mean field theory.

Coherence factors in a high-tc cuprate probed by quasi-particle scattering off vortices.

When electrons pair in a superconductor, quasi-particles develop an acute sensitivity to different types of scattering potential that is described by the appearance of coherence factors in the scattering amplitudes. Although the effects of coherence factors are well established in isotropic superconductors, they are much harder to detect in their anisotropic counterparts, such as high-superconducting-transition-temperature cuprates. We demonstrate an approach that highlights the momentum-dependent coherence factors in Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2.