Biflavonoids and bi- and tricoumarins from Daphne mezereum and inhibition of TNF-α secretion.

Daphne mezereum L. (Thymelaeaceae) was an important medicinal plant in Norway during the 18th and 19th centuries and used against diseases such as diarrhea, swelling, stomach pain, and tuberculosis. Five previously undescribed phenolic compounds, including two biflavonoids with a catechin core structure, two tricoumarins, and one bicoumarin, together with ten known compounds were isolated from a 50% EtOH extract of the bark of D.

Clinical practice enhanced by interdisciplinary theoretical perspectives.

Background: Experience-based knowing in general practice includes advanced interpretation of subjective, complex and particular phenomena in a social context. Enabling different metapositions for reflexivity may provide the accountability needed for such knowing to be recognized as evidence-based practice.

Objective: To demonstrate and discuss the potential of substantive theories to enhance interpretation of complex challenges in clinical knowing in general practice.

Biological Evaluations, NMR Analyses, Molecular Modeling Studies, and Overview of the Synthesis of the Marine Natural Product (-)-Mucosin.

Natural products obtained from marine organisms continue to be a rich source of novel structural architecture and of importance in drug discovery, medicine, and health. However, the success of such endeavors depends on the exact structural elucidation and access to sufficient material, often by stereoselective total synthesis, of the isolated natural product of interest. (-)-Mucosin (), a fatty acid derivative, previously presumed to contain a rare -bicyclo[4.

Inhibition of Seizure-Like Paroxysms and Toxicity Effects of Extracts and Constituents in Zebrafish .

Plants used in traditional medicine in the management of epilepsy could potentially yield novel drug compounds with antiepileptic properties. The medicinal plant is widely used in traditional medicine in the African continent, and epilepsy is among several indications. Limited knowledge is available on its toxicity and medicinal effects, such as anticonvulsant activities.

Polysaccharides and Bioactive Phenolics from Aconitum septentrionale Roots.

Aconitum septentrionale is known to contain toxic diterpene alkaloids, while other bioactive compounds in the plant remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the phenolic compounds and polysaccharides from the water extract of A. septentrionale roots.

Boys perpetrating sexual harassment on peer girls in secondary school: A focus group study about pupils' experiences.

Aims: To explore experiences of sexual harassment of adolescent girls by peer boys during school hours.

Methods: Focus group study with a convenience sample of six girls and 12 boys aged 13-15 years from two different lower secondary schools in Norway. Thematic analysis with Systematic Text Condensation was used with data from three focus group discussions, supported by theory about gender performativity.

Phytochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory activity of a water extract of Gentiana purpurea roots.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gentiana purpurea was one of the most important medicinal plants in Norway during the 18th and 19th centuries, and the roots were used against different types of gastrointestinal and airway diseases.

Aim Of The Study: To explore the content of bioactive compounds in a water extract from the roots, a preparation commonly used in traditional medicine in Norway, to assess the anti-inflammatory potential, and furthermore to quantify the major bitter compounds in both roots and leaves.

Materials And Methods: G.

Developing and promoting qualitative methods in general practice research: Lessons learnt and strategies convened.

Fifty years ago, qualitative research methods were unknown in medicine. Biomedicine and the positivist paradigm were universal academic standards. In the late 1980s, however, humanist perspectives emerged as substantial values in general practice.

General practice - a fertile lagoon in the ocean of medical knowledge.

General practitioners (GPs) often find that linear, deductive knowledge does not provide a sufficient map for clinical management. But experience, accompanied by enduring familiarity with individual patients, may offer unique complementary skills to interpret a patient's symptoms and navigate skilfully through diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and prevention.In this article, we draw attention to the nature of this tacit knowing that is executed by many GPs every day.

Agenda navigation in consultations covering multiple topics. A qualitative case study from general practice.

Objective: To explore how agenda navigation may be accomplished underway in consultations covering multiple topics, we identified and analyzed one GP's communicative strategies.

Design, Setting, And Subjects: A qualitative observational case study with linguistic microanalysis of an exemplary consultation between a female patient with diabetes and her male GP. We used speech act theory to identify communicative actions that indicated agenda navigation by the GP in transitions between episodes concerning ten topics.

A mouth rinse based on a tea solution of Salvia officinalis for oral discomfort in palliative cancer care: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Few clinical studies evaluate interventions to reduce oral discomfort among patients in palliative care.

Aim: This study examines the efficacy of a Salvia officinalis (SO) based herbal mouth rinse compared to conventional normal saline (NS) in order to improve oral health.

Design: A block-randomized controlled trial.

Why do doctors in Norway choose general practice and remain there? A qualitative study about motivational experiences.

To explore experiences motivating doctors to become and remain GPs. Qualitative analysis of written responses from an open-ended question about motivational experiences posted on an internet discussion list for GPs in Norway. Texts from 25 contributors were analysed with Systematic Text Condensation, supported by theories about calling as motivation.

How can task shifting put patient safety at risk? A qualitative study of experiences among general practitioners in Norway.

To describe experiences among general practitioners (GPs) in Norway regarding horizontal task shifting experiences associated with adverse events that potentially put patient safety at risk. We conducted a qualitative study with data from a retrospective convenience sample of consecutive, already posted comments in a restricted Facebook group for GPs in Norway. The sample consisted of 43 unique posts from 38 contributors (23 women and 15 men), presenting thick and specific accounts of potentially adverse events in the context of horizontal task shifting.

Diagnostic knowing in general practice: interpretative action and reflexivity.

Getting the right diagnosis is supposed to provide an explanation of a patient's health problem and inform health care decisions. As a core element of clinical reasoning, diagnosis deserves systematic and transparent analysis. Conceptual tools can make doctors become aware of and explore diagnostic knowing.

Anti-plasmodial Effects of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides.

, syn. , is a tree growing in West Africa and is used in traditional medicine against a variety of diseases, including malaria. In the work reported here, root bark and stem bark extracts of this tree, as well as compounds isolated from the extracts, have been investigated for activity against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of .

Patients participating as co-researchers in health research: A systematic review of outcomes and experiences.

We aimed to map out the scope and type of health research studies with patients involved as co-researchers throughout the research process and to explore the outcomes and experiences of such research. We conducted a narrative review by systematically searching selected databases. A total of 1451 hits were identified and screened, and 17 studies were included and categorised by type of health problem, design, publication sources and modes of presentation.

Burdened parents sharing their concerns for their children with the doctor. .

The aim of this study was to recognise the preconditions experienced by general practitioners (GPs) in addressing the children's needs when ill and substance abusing parents consult for their own health problems. Qualitative analysis of 38 case stories told by GPs in focus group interviews. Focus group interviews of four continuing medical education groups for GPs in western Norway.