Publications by authors named "Malte Tetens"
Objectives: Intracranial devices may be used to treat or guide the treatment of increased intracranial pressure in patients with pneumococcal meningitis. European guidelines do not recommend the routine use of intracranial devices in the management of pneumococcal meningitis. However, in some countries, intracranial devices are used routinely, but the effect remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nervous system infections are associated with long-term risks of neurological disorders and healthcare service utilization, but little data exist on the long-term risks of enteroviral meningitis in childhood.
Methods: We performed a population-based, nationwide registry-based matched cohort study (1997-2021). We included 925 children with enteroviral meningitis aged <17 years, a comparison cohort, and a cohort of siblings of all individuals.
In this population-based, nationwide Danish cohort study, bacterial meningitis in childhood was associated with increased neurological morbidity. The risks were highest among young children, who also received more antiepileptic medication. All children had increased frequency of hospital visits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It has been suggested that neuroborreliosis in children can manifest as psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders or cause long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae. However, previous studies were limited by size and design.
Methods: We performed a nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study in Denmark between 1995 and 2021.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the use of nonbarrier contraceptives among women with HIV (WWH) compared to women from the general population (WGP) in Denmark.
Design: A nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study.
Methods: We included WWH aged 16-50 years, treated at an HIV specialized clinic, and included in The Danish HIV Cohort Study between 1995 and 2021 and an age-matched comparison cohort of WGP.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined the relationship between bipolar disorders and the risk of HIV infection, as well as the risk of bipolar disorders in people with HIV (PWH) and their siblings.
- It used data from a large Danish population-based study, analyzing information from over 5,000 PWH and more than 53,000 matched individuals from the general population.
- Results showed that bipolar disorder increases the risk of HIV infection significantly, especially among injection drug users, and that PWH have a notably higher risk of developing bipolar disorder, particularly in the first two years after diagnosis.
Background: Few studies have investigated the risk of psychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders (PNDD) after childhood meningitis.
Methods: Nationwide population-based cohort study (Denmark, 1995-2021) of children with positive cerebrospinal fluid for bacteria or enterovirus, stratified on age as young infants (0 to <90 days, = 637) or older children (≥90 days to <17 years, = 1,218). We constructed a comparison cohort from the general population ( = 18,550), and cohorts of siblings of participants.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the causes of acute peripheral facial palsy (PFP) in Danish children and examined if neuroborreliosis-related PFP could be diagnosed without lumbar punctures by using clinical symptoms and serum Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) antibodies.
- Researchers analyzed data from 326 children who underwent lumbar puncture for PFP between 2019 and 2023, focusing on the diagnostic accuracy of serum Bb IgG compared to a clinical risk scoring system that included additional clinical parameters.
- Findings revealed that 42% of the patients had neuroborreliosis, with high positive predictive values for both serum Bb IgG (88%) and the risk score (90%), suggesting that in high-endemic
Background: Observational studies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine effectiveness are prone to confounding, which can be illustrated using negative control methods.
Methods: Nationwide population-based cohort study including two cohorts of Danish residents 60-90 years of age matched 1:1 on age and sex: A vaccinated and a non-vaccinated cohort, including 61052 SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individuals between 1 March and 1 July 2021 and 61052 individuals not vaccinated preceding 1 July 2021. From these two cohorts, we constructed negative control cohorts of individuals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection or acute myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, low energy fracture, or head-trauma.
Objectives: To identify diagnostic opportunities, we investigated healthcare-seeking behaviour among patients with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) within 28 weeks before diagnosis.
Methods: We conducted a population-based, nationwide matched nested case-control study (Denmark, 2009-2021). As cases, we included all Danish residents with LNB (positive Borrelia burgdorferi intrathecal antibody index test and cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis).
Background: Bacterial meningitis can cause a life-threatening increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). ICP-targeted treatment including an ICP monitoring device and external ventricular drainage (EVD) may improve outcomes but is also associated with the risk of complications. The frequency of use and complications related to ICP monitoring devices and EVDs among patients with bacterial meningitis remain unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Survival among people with HIV (PWH) has vastly improved globally over the last few decades but remains lower than among the general population. We aimed to estimate time trends of survival among PWH and their families from 1995 to 2021.
Methods: We conducted a registry-based, nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to examine how often patients with neuroborreliosis receive additional antibiotic treatment after their initial doxycycline therapy due to lingering symptoms.
- Conducted in Denmark between 2009-2021, the research compared 463 neuroborreliosis patients with 2,315 matched individuals from the general population, focusing on doxycycline and phenoxymethylpenicillin usage.
- Results showed that neuroborreliosis patients were significantly more likely to receive doxycycline again within one year (38.6 times more) compared to the general population, while there was no difference in phenoxymethylpenicillin prescriptions, indicating a specific need for doxycycline rather than just healthcare-seeking behavior.
Background: Radicular pain is the most predominant symptom among adults with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) but the duration preceding and following diagnosis remains unknown. We aimed to investigate whether patients with LNB have increased obtainment of analgesics before and after diagnosis and for how long.
Methods: We performed a nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study (2009-2021).
Background: Lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne disease caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) sensu lato complex. Previous studies have suggested an association between Lyme borreliosis and heart failure, which have been suggested to be a possible manifestation of Lyme carditis. We aimed to investigate the risk of heart failure among individuals tested for serum Bb antibodies, and serum Bb seropositive individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the short- and long-term risks of atrioventricular block and other cardiac conduction disorders associated with being tested for Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) antibodies or Bb seropositivity as measures of confounding by indication and Bb infection, respectively.
Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based matched cohort study (Denmark, 1993-2021). We included 52 200 Bb-seropositive individuals (stratified as only Bb-IgM-seropositive [n = 26 103], only Bb-IgG-seropositive [n = 18 698], and Bb-IgM-and-IgG-seropositive [n = 7399]) and two age- and sex-matched comparison cohorts: 104 400 Bb-seronegative individuals and 261 000 population controls.
Objectives: We compared characteristics and outcomes of individuals who in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were positive for herpes simplex virus (HSV) or varicella-zoster virus (VZV)-intrathecal antibody index test ([AI]-positive) vs. individuals who were PCR-positive for HSV type 1 (HSV1), type 2 (HSV2), and for VZV.
Methods: Nationwide cohort study of all Danish residents with positive CSF-AI or -PCR for HSV or VZV (1995-2021).
Objectives: In a nationwide, matched cohort study, we aimed to investigate risks of haematologic cancers among individuals tested for Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) antibodies, and among serum Bb seropositive individuals.
Methods: We identified all Bb seropositive individuals in Denmark (1993-2020) (n = 52 200) and constructed two age- and sex-matched comparison cohorts: (a) Bb seronegative controls (n = 104 400) and (b) background population controls (n = 261 000). We calculated short-term OR (aOR) (<1 month of study inclusion), and long-term hazard ratios (aHR) (>1 month after study inclusion) adjusted for age and sex.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with depression. However, previous studies have not addressed familial factors.
Methods: Nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study of people with HIV (PWH) in Denmark between 1995 and 2021 who were matched on sex and date of birth with a comparison cohort randomly selected from the Danish population.
Background And Objectives: Epilepsy in patients with brain abscess is frequent, but risk factors and prognosis remain undetermined. This study examined risk factors of epilepsy among survivors of brain abscess and associated prognosis.
Methods: Nationwide, population-based healthcare registries were used to compute cumulative incidences and cause-specific adjusted hazard rate ratios (adj.
Background: Reproductive health in women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (WWH) has improved in recent decades. We aimed to investigate incidences of childbirth, pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, and induced abortion among WWH in a nationwide, population-based, matched cohort study.
Methods: We included all WWH aged 20-40 years treated at an HIV healthcare center in Denmark from 1995 to 2021 and a matched comparison cohort of women from the general population (WGP).
Background: The impact of pre-antiretroviral treatment (ART) HIV-RNA on time to successful virological suppression and subsequent failure in HIV patients remains poorly investigated.
Methods: We used the Swedish InfCareHIV database and the Danish HIV Cohort Study to evaluate impact of pre-ART HIV-RNA on primary virological suppression (HIV-RNA < 50 copies/ml) and risk of secondary virological failure (two consecutive HIV-RNA > 200 copies/ml or one >1000 copies/ml). The study included 3366 Swedish and 2050 Danish ART naïve individuals who initiated ART in the period 2000-2018.
Background: It is unknown whether patients diagnosed with brain abscess have an increased risk of psychiatric disorders.
Methods: In this nationwide, population-based matched cohort study from Denmark, we compared the incidence of psychiatric disorders, use of psychiatric hospitals, and receipt of psychiatric medications between patients diagnosed with brain abscess and individuals from the general population, matched on date of birth, sex, and residential area.
Results: We included 435 patients diagnosed with brain abscess and 3909 individuals in the comparison cohort: 61% were male and median age was 54 years.
Studies on brain abscess are hampered by single-centre design with limited sample size and incomplete follow-up. Thus, robust analyses on clinical prognostic factors remain scarce. This Danish nationwide, population-based cohort study included clinical details of all adults (≥18 years) diagnosed with brain abscess in the Danish National Patient Registry from 2007 through 2014 and the prospective clinical database of the Danish Study Group of Infections of the Brain covering all Danish departments of infectious diseases from 2015 through 2020.
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