Harnessing radiomics and nutritional metrics to predict long-term survival in Fournier's gangrene patients.

Purpose: To evaluate the association of traditional and novel nutritional measurements with survival in Fournier's gangrene (FG) patients.

Methods: We reviewed records of FG patients from our tertiary center (Jan 2013-Jan 2022). Radiomic sarcopenia parameters (Psoas Muscle Area [PMA], Roundness, Solidity, and calculated PMA-Index) were measured from admission CT scans at the L3 level using ImageJ software.

Risk factors for urinary septic shock following ureteroscopy for stone disease.

Objective: We aimed to identify risk factors associated with urinary septic shock following ureteroscopy.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent ureteroscopy between 2010 and 2021. Data collected included demographics and preoperative variables.

Mobilize the Troops! Military Involvement in the History of Testicular Cancer.

This review examines the historical evolution of testicular cancer (TCa) treatment, emphasizing the transformative impact of World War II. Prior to the war, cases of more than 50 testicular tumors were exceedingly rare. The mobilization of American troops, especially after the German Blitz, resulted in widespread military health screenings, leading to a surge in incidental TCa diagnoses during the 1940s.

Military influences on the evolution of clinical trials throughout history.

Clinical trials of drugs, procedures, and other therapies play a crucial role in advancing medical science by evaluating the safety, efficacy, and optimal use of medical interventions. The design and implementation of these trials have evolved significantly over time, reflecting advancements in medicine, ethics, and methodology. Early historical examples, such as King Nebuchadnezzar II's and his captives' dietary experiment and Ambroise Paré's treatment of gunshot wounds, laid some foundational principles of trial design.

Navigating management of localized prostate cancer in the geriatric population.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is highly prevalent among aging men and a significant contributor to global mortality. Balancing early detection and treatment of "clinically significant" disease with avoiding over-detection and overtreatment of slow-growing tumors is challenging, especially for elderly patients with competing health risks and potentially aggressive disease phenotypes. This review emphasizes the importance of individualized approaches for diagnosing and treating PCa in geriatric patients.

Analysis of Genitourinary Rhabdomyosarcoma in Phase 3 clinical trials.

Purpose: Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a morbid and often lethal condition characterized by a paucity of clinical data. Beyond a detailed risk categorization system, it is unclear if genitourinary (GU) sites (bladder/prostate, paratesticular, female organs) have outcomes distinct from non-GU sites. This study pools primary data from phase-3 clinical trials involving pediatric RMS to evaluate this question.

Real-Time Perfusion and Leak Assessment in Bariatric Surgery: Bridging Traditional and Advanced Techniques.

This comprehensive literature review explores the efficacy of real-time perfusion and leak assessment methods in bariatric surgery, comparing traditional techniques with advanced imaging modalities. As the global incidence of obesity and related comorbidities rises, the demand for bariatric surgeries such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy has increased, along with the risk of serious complications like anastomotic and staple line leaks. Traditional intraoperative leak testing methods, including the air leak and methylene blue dye tests, are commonly employed but exhibit inconsistent sensitivity in leak detection.

Nonoperative Management Strategies for Anastomotic Leaks After One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB): A Literature Review.

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) has gained widespread acceptance as an effective bariatric surgery due to its relative simplicity and favorable outcomes in weight loss and metabolic improvement. However, anastomotic leaks, though uncommon, present a significant complication with the potential for severe morbidity and mortality if not managed appropriately. This review examines the range of nonoperative strategies currently employed to manage anastomotic leaks and fistulae following OAGB.

Assessment of mechanical bowel preparation prior to nephrectomy in the minimally invasive surgery era: insights from a national database analysis in the United States.

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the association between mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and perioperative outcomes following nephrectomy in the minimally invasive surgery (MIS) era.

Methods: All partial and radical nephrectomies between 2019 and 2021 from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database were evaluated. Thirty-day perioperative outcomes were compared between groups where MBP was performed vs.

Investigating the association between blue light cystoscopy utilization and social determinants of health.

Introduction: Blue light cystoscopy (BLC) improves bladder cancer (BCa) detection. No studies have evaluated socioeconomic inequity in the utilization of BLC.

Methods: An institutional bladder tumor (TURBT) database (2016-2023) was retrospectively reviewed and BLC and white light cystoscopy (WLC) recipients were compared.

The Interplay Between Adult-Onset Hypogonadism and Prostate Cancer: A Literature Review.

The interplay between endogenous testosterone (Te) and prostate cancer (PCa) has long been recognized, with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) being a cornerstone of advanced and metastatic PCa management. However, the association between Te levels and PCa risk remains complex and not fully understood. This review delves into the complex relationship between adult-onset hypogonadism (AOH) and PCa, shedding light on the complexities surrounding PCa risk and disease aggressiveness.

Timing Considerations for Artificial Urinary Sphincter Implantation Postpelvic Radiotherapy.

Objective: To explore the optimal timing for placing an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) postradiation therapy (RT).

Methods: A bi-institutional retrospective review of all patients who underwent their first (virgin) AUS placement after pelvic RT between January 1, 2011 and July 1, 2023. To determine the optimal timeline for device implantation 2-5years post-RT, we compared hazard ratios for device revision/explantation (Rev/Exp) using Kaplan-Meier curves for each year (earlier vs later than 2/3/4/5 years post-RT).

Lower urinary tract symptoms in elderly men: Considerations for prostate cancer testing.

Purpose: Both lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and prostate cancer (PCa) are common in elderly men. While LUTS are generally due to a benign etiology, they may provoke an evaluation with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which can lead to a cascade of further testing and possible overdiagnosis in patients with competing risks. There is limited patient and provider understanding of the relationship between LUTS and PCa risk, and a lack of clarity in how to evaluate these men to balance appropriate diagnosis of aggressive PCa with avoidance of overdiagnosis.