Holomics and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Precision Oncology for Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Addressing Challenges of a Rare and Aggressive Disease.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare yet aggressive form of thyroid cancer comprising a disproportionate share of thyroid cancer-related mortalities, despite its low prevalence. MTC differs from other differentiated thyroid malignancies due to its heterogeneous nature, presenting complexities in both hereditary and sporadic cases. Traditional management guidelines, which are designed primarily for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), fall short in providing the individualized care required for patients with MTC.

The clinicopathological landscape of thyroid cancer in South Africa-A multi-institutional review.

Background: In South Africa (SA), data on the incidence of thyroid cancer is limited. Papillary thyroid carcinoma is by far the most common malignancy in developed countries; however, a preponderance of follicular thyroid cancer in developing countries, despite iodized salt, has been observed. The aim of this study was to describe the national landscape of thyroid cancer in SA with reference to pathological subtypes, surgical outcomes, and treatments offered.

Overcoming the Challenges of Phytochemicals in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Therapy: The Path Forward.

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a very aggressive subtype of breast cancer that lacks estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptor expression. TNBC is thought to be produced by Wnt, Notch, TGF-beta, and VEGF pathway activation, which leads to cell invasion and metastasis. To address this, the use of phytochemicals as a therapeutic option for TNBC has been researched.