RNA Sequencing Analysis of Monocytes Exposed to Airway Fluid From Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Objectives: Monocytes are plastic cells that assume different polarization states that can either promote inflammation or tissue repair and inflammation resolution. Polarized monocytes are partially defined by their transcriptional profiles that are influenced by environmental stimuli. The airway monocyte response in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is undefined.

Environmental Injustice Is Associated With Poorer Asthma Outcomes in School-Age Children With Asthma in Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia.

Background: Environmental justice mandates that no person suffers disproportionately from environmental exposures. The Environmental Justice Index (EJI) provides an estimate of the environmental burden for each census tract but has not yet been used in asthma populations.

Objective: We hypothesized that children from census tracts with high environmental injustice determined by the EJI would have a greater burden of asthma exacerbations, poorer asthma control, and poorer lung function over 12 months.

Metabolomics identifies disturbances in arginine, phenylalanine, and glycine metabolism as differentiating features of exacerbating atopic asthma in children.

Background: Asthma exacerbations are highly prevalent in children, but only a few studies have examined the biologic mechanisms underlying exacerbations in this population.

Objective: High-resolution metabolomics analyses were performed to understand the differences in metabolites in children with exacerbating asthma who were hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit for status asthmaticus. We hypothesized that compared with a similar population of stable outpatients with asthma, children with exacerbating asthma would have differing metabolite abundance patterns with distinct clustering profiles.

RNA Sequencing Analysis of CD4 T Cells Exposed to Airway Fluid From Children With Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Unlabelled: CD4 T cells contribute to lung inflammation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. The CD4 T-cell response in pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is unknown.

Objectives: To identify differentially expressed genes and networks using a novel transcriptomic reporter assay with donor CD4 T cells exposed to the airway fluid of intubated children with mild versus severe PARDS.

Cluster analysis of plasma cytokines identifies two unique endotypes of children with asthma in the pediatric intensive care unit.

Children with life-threatening asthma exacerbations who are admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are a heterogeneous group with poorly studied inflammatory features. We hypothesized that distinct clusters of children with asthma in a PICU would be identified based on differences in plasma cytokine levels and that these clusters would have differing underlying inflammation and asthma outcomes within 1 year. Plasma cytokines and differential gene expression were measured in neutrophils isolated from children admitted to a PICU for asthma.