Cannabinoids as Antibacterial Agents: A Systematic and Critical Review of In Vitro Efficacy Against and .

Background: Two major bacterial pathogens, and , are becoming increasingly antibiotic-resistant. Despite the urgency, only a few new antibiotics have been approved to address these infections. Although cannabinoids have been noted for their antibacterial properties, a comprehensive review of their effects on these bacteria has been lacking.

Discovery of New Cyclic Lipodepsipeptide Orfamide N via Partnership with Middle School Students from the Boys and Girls Club.

We established a university-community partnership with the Boys and Girls Clubs of Chicago (BGCC)-named b-to involve middle school students in antibiotic discovery research. In the course of working with a cohort of students from the BGCC, one student isolated a bacterium from a goose feces sample that produced a new cyclic lipodepsipeptide, which was characterized as orfamide N. Orfamide N is composed of ten mixed D/L-amino acids and a ()-3-hydroxyhexadec-9-enoic acid residue.

Discovery and structural assignment of (S)-sydosine from amphipod-derived Aspergillus sydowii MBC15-11F through HRMS, advanced Mosher, and molecular modelling analyses.

Aims: This study aims to prioritize fungal strains recovered from under-explored habitats that produce new metabolites. HRMS dereplication is used to avoid structure redundancy, and molecular modelling is used to assign absolute configuration.

Methods And Results: MBC15-11F was isolated from an amphipod and identified using ITS, 28S, and β-tubulin phylogeny as Aspergillus sydowii.

Discovery of a New Antibiotic Demethoxytetronasin Using a Dual-Sided Agar Plate Assay (DAPA).

For over a century, researchers have cultured microorganisms together on solid support─typically agar─in order to observe growth inhibition via antibiotic production. These simple bioassays have been critical to both academic researchers that study antibiotic production in microorganisms and to the pharmaceutical industry's global effort to discover drugs. Despite the utility of agar assays to researchers around the globe, several limitations have prevented their widespread adoption in advanced high-throughput compound discovery and dereplication campaigns.

Isolation and Characterization of Anti-Mycobacterial Natural Products from a sp. Marine Sponge.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a dreadful infectious disease and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, second in 2020 only to severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-Cov-2). With limited therapeutic options available and a rise in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases, it is critical to develop antibiotic drugs that display novel mechanisms of action. Bioactivity-guided fractionation employing an Alamar blue assay for strain H37Rv led to the isolation of duryne () from a marine sponge sp.

New Rufomycins from MJM3502 Expand Anti- Structure-Activity Relationships.

Four new rufomycins, compounds -, named rufomycins 56, 57, 58, and 61, respectively, exhibiting new skeletal features, were obtained from strain MJM3502 and were fully characterized. Compounds and possess a 4-imidazolidinone ring not previously encountered in this family of cyclopeptides, thereby resulting in a [5,17] bicyclic framework. The in vitro anti- potency of compounds and is remarkable, with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 8.

: A Rich Source of Secondary Metabolites with Antimicrobial, Disinfectant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities.

Benth is used in Sri Lankan folk medicine as a remedy for inflammatory conditions and microbial infections. Our previous investigations revealed potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitory activity in lipophilic extracts of this plant, supporting its anti-inflammatory potential. In-depth studies on the antimicrobial activity have not been conducted and the bioactive ingredients remained elusive.

Insights into the Chemical Diversity of Selected Fungi from the Tza Itzá Cenote of the Yucatan Peninsula.

Cenotes are habitats with unique physical, chemical, and biological features. Unexplored microorganisms from these sinkholes represent a potential source of bioactive molecules. Thus, a series of cultivable fungi ( spp.

A validated high-throughput method for assaying rat lungworm () motility when challenged with potentially anthelmintic natural products from Hawaiian fungi.

Parasitic nematodes devastate human and animal health. The limited number of anthelmintics available is concerning, especially because of increasing drug resistance. Anthelmintics are commonly derived from natural products, e.

Chemical Diversity and Antimicrobial Potential of Cultivable Fungi from Deep-Sea Sediments of the Gulf of Mexico.

A collection of 29 cultivable fungal strains isolated from deep-sea sediments of the Gulf of Mexico were cultivated under the "one strain, many compounds" approach to explore their chemical diversity and antimicrobial potential. From the 87 extracts tested, over 50% showed antimicrobial activity, and the most active ones were those from cultures grown at 4 °C in darkness for 60 days (resembling deep-sea temperature). PCA analysis of the LC-MS data of all the extracts confirmed that culture temperature is the primary factor in the variation of the 4462 metabolite features, accounting for 21.

Aspochalasin H1: A New Cyclic Aspochalasin from Hawaiian Plant-Associated Endophytic Fungus sp. FT1307.

is one of the most diverse genera, and it is chemically profound and known to produce many biologically active secondary metabolites. In the present study, a new aspochalasin H1 (), together with nine known compounds (-), were isolated from a Hawaiian plant-associated endophytic fungus sp. FT1307.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of the Fungal Metabolites Isolated from the Marine Endophytes M13 and 13A.

Epicotripeptin (), a new cyclic tripeptide along with four known cyclic dipeptides (-) and one acetamide derivative () were isolated from seagrass-associated endophytic fungus M13 recovered from the Red Sea. Additionally, two new compounds, cyclodidepsipeptide phragamide A () and trioxobutanamide derivative phragamide B (), together with eight known compounds (-), were isolated from plant-derived endophyte 13A collected from a saline lake of Wadi El Natrun depression in the Sahara Desert. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on the 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data, HRESIMS data, and a comparison with the reported literature.

Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Hawaiian Noni ( L.) Fruit Juice.

Noni ( L.) fruit juice has been used in Polynesia as a traditional folk medicine and is very popular worldwide as a functional food supplement. In this study, compounds present in Hawaiian Noni fruit juice, with anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.

Screening Fungal Endophytes Derived from Under-Explored Egyptian Marine Habitats for Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties in Factionalised Textiles.

Marine endophytic fungi from under-explored locations are a promising source for the discovery of new bioactivities. Different endophytic fungi were isolated from plants and marine organisms collected from Wadi El-Natrun saline lakes and the Red Sea near Hurghada, Egypt. The isolated strains were grown on three different media, and their ethyl acetate crude extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi as well as their antioxidant properties.

The Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of Selected Ethnomedicinal Plants from Sri Lanka.

Traditional folk medicine in Sri Lanka is mostly based on plants and plant-derived products, however, many of these medicinal plant species are scientifically unexplored. Here, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial potency of 28 different extracts prepared from seven popular medicinal plant species employed in Sri Lanka. The extracts were subjected to cell-based and cell-free assays of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)-1, and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity.

Critical review on conventional spectroscopic α-amylase activity detection methods: merits, demerits, and future prospects.

α-Amylase is an endoenzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of internal α-l,4 glycosidic linkages in polysaccharides to produce maltose, maltotriose, and α-limit dextrins. It is widely used in the laboratorial and industrial workflow for several applications. There are several methods utilizing different techniques and substrates to assess α-amylase activity, among which the spectroscopic methods have found widespread applicability due to their ease of use and cost-effectiveness.

Screening for Antagonistic Bacteria From Contrasting Niches Designated the Endophyte as Plant Warden Against .

Date palm ( L.) plantations in North Africa are nowadays threatened with the spread of the Bayoud disease caused by f. sp.

Current Status and Future Opportunities of Omics Tools in Mycotoxin Research.

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites of low molecular weight produced by filamentous fungi, such as , , and spp. Mycotoxins are natural contaminants of agricultural commodities and their prevalence may increase due to global warming. Dangerous mycotoxins cause a variety of health problems not only for humans, but also for animals.

Lipophilic extracts of Leucas zeylanica, a multi-purpose medicinal plant in the tropics, inhibit key enzymes involved in inflammation and gout.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T.

Talarofuranone, a New Talaroconvolutin Analog from the Endophytic Fungus Talaromyces purpurogenus from Pouteria campechiana Seeds.

An endophytic fungus Talaronyces pinpurogenus was isolated from the seeds of the popular edible fruit Pouteria campechiana. The fungus was fermented in potato dextrose agar and the fungal media were extracted with EtOAc. Chromatographic separation of the EtOAc extracts over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and preparative thin layer chromatography furnished a furanone analogue of talaroconvolutin A, named talarofuranone (1), along with talaroconvolutin A (2), 4-hydroxyactophenone, tyrosol and ergosterol.