A high-throughput flowless microfluidic single and multi-solute concentration gradient generator: Design and parametric study.

Microfluidic concentration gradient generators (-CGGs) are critical in various biochemical assays, including cell migration, drug screening, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. However, current -CGGs rely on integration with flow systems, limiting their scalability and widespread adoption owing to limited infrastructure and technical expertise. Hence, there is a need for flowless diffusional gradient generators capable of standalone operation, thereby improving throughput and usability.

Laparoscopic Mitrofanoff continent catheterisable stoma in children with spina bifida.

Background: In 1980, Mitrofanoff described the creation of an appendicovesicostomy for continent urinary diversion. This procedure greatly facilitates clean intermittent catheterisation in patients with neurogenic bladder. The purpose of our study was to determine the clinical efficacy of the laparoscopic Mitrofanoff catheterisable stoma for children and adolescents with spina bifida.

Pheniramine Maleate-Induced Rhabdomyolysis and Aki: Is it Fatal?

Pheniramine maleate is an easily accessible, over-the-counterantihistaminic, which is frequently involved in overdoses. Pheniramine has antimuscarinic effect causing tachycardia, dilated pupils, urinary retention, and dry flushed skin, and decreased bowel sounds, confusion, mild increase in body temperature, cardiac arrhythmias, and seizures at lethal doses. It has not been implicated as an important cause of rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury (AKI).

The laparoscopic pyeloplasty: is there a role in the age of robotics?

Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction is a common anomaly, and presents clinically in all pediatric age groups. The past 3 decades have witnessed an evolution in the surgical correction of UPJ obstruction on several fronts, with open surgical techniques yielding way to endoscopic, laparoscopic, and robotic-assisted approaches. Robotic-assisted surgery has several advantages in complex laparoscopic reconstructive procedures such as pyeloplasty.

Preliminary experience with laparoscopic Foley's YV plasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children.

Introduction: Laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty is an acceptable option for ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction in the paediatric population. We compared our results of laparoscopic dismembered and non-dismembered Foley's YV pyeloplasty.

Materials And Methods: Children presenting with hydronephrosis secondary to UPJ obstruction formed the study group.

Yang-Monti's Catheterizable Stoma in Children.

Background: In 1981, Mitrofanoff described a procedure to create a continent urinary stoma for clean intermittent catheterization. Since then several procedures have been described including Yang-Monti ileovesicostomy for effective catheterization.

Objectives: We report on our experience from the use of Monti's procedure in children at our center.

Laparoscopic mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy: Our experience in children.

Introduction: The Mitrofanoff principle was originally described as a method to provide an alternative means to access the bladder. It creates a conduit to the bladder through which patients with a sensitive, absent, or traumatized urethra can perform clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) easily. We report our experience with complete laparoscopic Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy to promote a catheterizable abdominal stoma.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for adrenal masses in children.

Objective: The laparoscopic approach to the adrenal gland was first reported in 1992. Since then numerous studies have been published, comprising of adults. Experience with the laparoscopic technique for adrenal disease in children and adolescents has been limited.

Transvesicoscopic repair of vesicovaginal fistula.

Introduction. Vesicovaginal fistula has been a social and surgical problem for centuries. Many surgical techniques have been developed to correct this abnormality, including transabdominal, transvaginal, and endoscopic approaches.

Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction with crossing renal vessels: a case report of failed laparoscopic vascular hitch.

Introduction: Dismembered pyeloplasty has been the traditional technique in the management of pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) secondary to crossing renal vessels in children. Laparoscopic transposition of lower pole vessels for PUJO has been described in children as well as adults.

Case Report: We report a child with PUJO secondary to lower pole renal vessels who underwent laparoscopic transposition of vessels.

Complications of laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children.

Introduction: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children has been proven to be safe and effective, with comparable results to open surgery. Due to the extension of laparoscopic indications from ablative to reconstructive procedures requiring endoscopic suturing, most centres have plateaued within their learning curve. Based on our own experience with a little more than 100 cases, we focus on the complications and the definitive learning curve of laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children.

Comparison of topical versus parenteral testosterone in children with microphallic hypospadias.

Introduction: Surgical correction of genital defects was formerly proposed when the size of the penis was sufficient to permit easy surgical repair. To enlarge penile size, temporary stimulation with testosterone either topical or parenteral has been reported. Parenteral testosterone has been found to be effective; however, variable results have been reported with topical testosterone.

Cystoscopy-assisted laparoscopic partial cystectomy.

Background And Purpose: Laparoscopic partial cystectomy is performed in selected patients with isolated diseases, such as bladder endometriosis, pheochromocytoma, leiomyoma, and malignant bladder tumors. Laparoscopic partial cystectomy is indicated for a solitary bladder tumor that is distant from the bladder neck, the ureteral orifices, and the trigone, to allow a resection margin of 1 to 2 cm. We report our experience with cystoscopy-assisted laparoscopic partial cystectomy.

Ureteroscopic stone management in prepubertal children.

Ureteroscopy for treating ureteric stones in prepubertal children has become more common with the advent of smaller endoscopes. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with ureteroscopy for ureteric stone in this cohort of patients. During the period Jan 2001 and June 2005, we performed 22 ureteroscopic procedures in 20 children.

Laparoscopic pyeloplasty compared with open pyeloplasty in children.

Background And Purpose: Open dismembered pyeloplasty by a retroperitoneal approach remains the reference standard for correcting ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction in children. We prospectively compared the results of laparoscopic and open pyeloplasty in children with UPJ obstruction.

Patients And Methods: During the period April 2003 to March 2005, 15 children underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty and 14 children underwent open pyeloplasty.

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large pheochromocytoma.

Objectives: To determine the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large adrenal pheochromocytomas as although the safety and efficacy for small pheochromocytomas is relatively well documented its use for large pheochromocytomas is controversial because of a perceived increased risk of malignancy.

Patients And Methods: All pheochromocytomas (>8 cm) managed prospectively using a laparoscopic approach between January 2002 and April 2006 were included. Blood loss, operative duration, complications, and hospital stay were assessed.

Structural studies of racecadotril and its process impurities by NMR and mass spectroscopy.

Three unknown impurities in racecadotril bulk drug at levels below 0.5% were detected by simple reverse phase isocratic high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Structures for these impurities were proposed by molecular ion information and their fragmentation pattern obtained by LC-MS and these impurities were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.

Coronary angiogram and intervention through transulnar approach.

Background: This study was conducted to assess the safety and feasibility of a transulnar approach in performing diagnostic and interventional percutaneous coronary procedures.

Methods And Results: In the year 2004, a total of 100 patients underwent diagnostic angiography (n=64) and percutaneous coronary interventions (n=36) through transulnar approach. The patients' age ranged from 40 to 70 years and male to female ratio was 7.

Laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty in children.

Purpose: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction remains the most common obstructive uropathy in children. Although laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty was described in a child in 1993, there have been few reports of laparoscopic Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty in children. We report on a series of children who underwent laparoscopic Anderson-Hynes dismembered pyeloplasty.