Isolation, structural characterization of (1 → 4), (1 → 6)-α-D-glucan from Dioscorea Alata and synthesis and catalytic activity studies of (1 → 4), (1 → 6)-α-D-glucan derived carbon dots.

Herein, a straightforward, productive protocol was adopted for the synthesis of carbon dots (CDs) by a simple microwave-assisted technique from (1 → 4), (1 → 6)-α-D-glucan polysaccharide (DAPS). The isolation and structural characterization of (1 → 4), (1 → 6)-α-D-glucan from the aqueous extracting of the Diascorea Alata was described here. The photo-physical and morphological studies of the prepared high quantum yield (27.

Development and Biological Characterization of Cancer Biomimetic Membrane Nanovesicles for Enhancing Therapy Efficacy in Human Glioblastoma Cells.

As nanocarriers of a new generation, biomimetic nanovesicles are an emerging class of therapeutic tools whose surface is integrated or fabricated with biomaterials capable of mimicking the biological features and functions of native cells. Thanks to this, biomimetic nanovesicles, in particular, those made by plasma membrane moieties, possess greatly improved biocompatibility, high target specificity, a long retention time, and minimal undesired immune responses. For these reasons, a multitude of progenitor cells including cancer ones were employed as templates to generate biomimetic or membrane-camouflaged nanovesicles hosting different therapeutic compounds.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Medicinal Plants Baccaurea Ramiflora and Microcos Paniculata.

Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Baccaurea ramiflora and Microcos paniculata.

Methods: DPPH radical scavenging activity, Nitric oxide scavenging activity, Super oxide anion radical scavenging activity, Reducing power assay were used to assess antioxidant efficacy. Zone of Inhibition determination by Agar well diffusion assay was used to assess antimicrobial activity.

Diet characteristics of tidal creek-associated fishes of the northeastern Arabian Sea with special reference to microplastic ingestion.

The present study assessed the diet characteristics, trophic guild structure, and microplastics (MPs) ingestion by a group of fish sourced from the tidal creeks of the Mumbai coast along the Eastern Arabian Sea. The diet patterns were characterized using gastro-somatic index (GaSI), relative length of gut (RGL), diet overlap (α), diet breadth (B), and relative abundance of food items (%IOP), with a special emphasis on MPs contamination. The findings revealed that teleost and shrimps are the most preferred food items for these species.

Speciation-specific chromium bioaccumulation and detoxification in fish using hydrogel microencapsulated biogenic nanosilver and zeolite synergizing with biomarkers.

Grass carp intestinal waste-mediated biosynthesized nanosilver (AgNPs) was valorized using guaran and zeolite matrices, resulting in AgNPs-guaran, AgNPs-zeolite, and AgNPs-guaran -zeolite composites. The valorized products were examined using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis and X-ray Diffraction analysis to confirm uniform dispersion and entrapment of AgNPs within the matrixes. These valorized products were evaluated for their efficacy in detoxifying the ubiquitous and toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr) in aquatic environments, with Anabas testudineus exposed to 2 mg l of Cr for 60 days.

A Predictive Model for Intraoperative Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak During Endonasal Pituitary Adenoma Resection Using a Convolutional Neural Network.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak during endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery can lead to postoperative complications. The clinical and anatomic risk factors of intraoperative CSF leak are not well defined. We applied a two-dimensional (2D) convolutional neural network (CNN) machine learning model to identify risk factors from preoperative magnetic resonance imaging.

Assessment of Pulmonary Functions in Parkinson's Disease and Unveiling the Role of Levodopa Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: This investigation aimed to thoroughly characterize the range of pulmonary function abnormalities present in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) and to evaluate the effects of levodopa therapy on these respiratory dysfunctions.

Methods:  Ninety-five PD patients diagnosed via the UK Parkinson's Disease Society Brain Bank Diagnostic Criteria were recruited, excluding those with a smoking history or unable to perform pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Severity was assessed using the Hoehn and Yahr Scale.

Facile preparation of embedded polar group-containing pentafluorophenyl stationary phases for highly selective separations of diverse analytes.

Pentafluorophenyl (PFP) stationary phase is one of the most important phases after the C18 phase in terms of its applications. Three embedded polar groups (EPG)-containing stationary phases were newly synthesized to act the EPGs as additional interaction sites. The silica surface was initially modified with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APS).

Arteriovenous malformation presenting as complex regional pain syndrome: illustrative case.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is typically described as a peripheral nerve disorder in which exaggerated allodynia and hyperalgesia follow a minor injury. Some researchers propose a central mechanism, although current evidence is lacking.

Observations: A 14-year-old female presented with classic CRPS symptoms of left upper-extremity weakness and hyperalgesia after a bout of sharp pain in her thumb while shoveling snow.

Correction: Integrated silicon photonic MEMS.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00498-z.].

Shade Effect on Phenology, Fruit Yield, and Phenolic Content of Two Wild Blueberry Species in Northwestern Ontario, Canada.

We studied the effect of shade on the phenology, growth, berry yield, and chemical content of two common blueberry species ( and ) in Northwestern Ontario. We hypothesized that high shade would delay vegetative and reproductive phenology and decrease berry yield by increasing resource allocation to vegetative vs. reproductive growth, whereas moderate shade would increase berry phenolic content and antioxidant capacity.

Surface Modification of Silica with β-Alanine Derivatives for Unique Applications in Liquid Chromatography.

Column purchasing cost is an important issue for an analyst to analyze complex sample matrices. Here, we report the development of an amino acid (β-alanine)-derived stationary phase (Sil-Ala-C12) with strategic and effective interaction sites (amide and urea as embedded polar groups with C12 alkyl chain) able to separate various kinds of analytes. Owing to the balanced hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity of the phase, it showed exceptional separation abilities in both reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) as a hydrophobic phase and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) as a hydrophilic phase.

Identification of potential breeding ground of flathead grey mullet, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), along the Mumbai coast, India, for ecological monitoring and conservation strategies.

Identifying the breeding grounds of fishes is crucial for the sustainable management of fisheries resources. The present study is aimed at identifying the potential breeding ground of Mugil cephalus along the estuary of the North Mumbai coast. A total of 1197 specimens of M.

Kukri snakes Fitzinger, 1826 of the Western Palearctic with the resurrection of Nikolsky, 1902 (Reptilia, Squamata, Colubridae).

The kukri snakes of the genus Fitzinger, 1826 reach the westernmost limits of their distribution in Middle and Southwest Asia (Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkmenistan), and the Palearctic portions of Pakistan. In this article, we review the systematics and distribution of the two species native to this region, (Shaw, 1802) and (Jerdon, 1853) based on an integrative approach combining morphological, molecular, and species distribution modeling (SDM) data. Phylogenetic analyses recover populations from Iran and Turkmenistan in a clade with the species complex, rendering the former species paraphyletic relative to stricto on the Indian subcontinent.

Atmospheric cold plasma induced nutritional & anti-nutritional, molecular modifications and in-vitro protein digestibility of guar seed (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) flour.

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of atmospheric cold plasma treatment on the nutritional, anti-nutritional, functional, morphological, and digestibility of guar seed (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) flour. Here, guar seed flour was kept inside the plasma reactor for 5 to 20 min at different power levels (10 & 20 kV).

Design of β-Alanine-Derived Novel C18 Stationary Phase Containing Embedded Urea and Amide Groups for the Separation of Versatile Analytes.

Novel stationary phases have been emerging recently. A β-alanine-derived embedded urea and amide group-containing C18 phase (Sil-Ala-C18) was prepared for the first time. The media were packed into a 150 × 2.

Study of feeding biology and diet-associated microplastic contamination in selected creek fishes of northeastern Arabian Sea: A multi-species approach.

This study investigated the diet composition and microplastic contamination in six fish species collected from the creek area of northeastern Arabian Sea. The results show that the diet of the fish is mainly composed of shrimps, algae, fish, and zooplankton, with microplastics constituting up to 4.83 % (Index of Preponderance) of their diet.

Evaluation of Metabolic Parameters on Use of Newer Antiepileptics Versus Conventional Antiepileptics in Patients of Generalised Tonic-Clonic Seizure: An Observational Study.

Background and objective Epilepsy is the commonest serious neurological condition and around 50 million people live with epilepsy (PWE). Primary and secondary generalised tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) together constitute up to 50% of adult and adolescent epilepsy. GTCS respond well to broad-spectrum AEDs like valproate, phenytoin, levetiracetam, lamotrigine, and topiramate.

Integrated silicon photonic MEMS.

Silicon photonics has emerged as a mature technology that is expected to play a key role in critical emerging applications, including very high data rate optical communications, distance sensing for autonomous vehicles, photonic-accelerated computing, and quantum information processing. The success of silicon photonics has been enabled by the unique combination of performance, high yield, and high-volume capacity that can only be achieved by standardizing manufacturing technology. Today, standardized silicon photonics technology platforms implemented by foundries provide access to optimized library components, including low-loss optical routing, fast modulation, continuous tuning, high-speed germanium photodiodes, and high-efficiency optical and electrical interfaces.

Developing a music-based digital therapeutic to help manage the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia.

The greying of the world is leading to a rapid acceleration in both the healthcare costs and caregiver burden that are associated with dementia. There is an urgent need to develop new, easily scalable modalities of support. This perspective paper presents the theoretical background, rationale, and development plans for a music-based digital therapeutic to manage the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia, particularly agitation and anxiety.

Fuzz-ClustNet: Coupled fuzzy clustering and deep neural networks for Arrhythmia detection from ECG signals.

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used technique to diagnose cardiovascular diseases. It is a non-invasive technique that represents the cyclic contraction and relaxation of heart muscles. ECG can be used to detect abnormal heart motions, heart attacks, heart diseases, or enlarged hearts by measuring the heart's electrical activity.