Rhinologist Use of Antibiotics With Nasal Packing for Epistaxis.

Background: There is limited evidence supporting the usage of prophylactic antibiotics in the setting of nasal packing for epistaxis. It is unclear what current antiobiotic usage patterns are by otolaryngologists.

Objectives: Characterize the antibiotic prescribing practices employed by otolaryngologists in the management of epistaxis patients treated with packing as well as the underlying rationale.

Enterobacter sp. Strain SM1_HS2B Manifests Transient Elongation and Swimming Motility in Liquid Medium.

Many species of bacteria change their morphology and behavior under external stresses. In this study, we report transient elongation and swimming motility of a novel Enterobacter sp. strain, SM1_HS2B, in liquid broth under a standard growth condition.

Unusual presentation of lepidic adenocarcinoma in a healthy female.

Background: Lepidic adenocarcinoma represents a histologic pattern of non-small cell lung cancer that characteristically arises in the lung periphery with tracking alongside pre-existing alveolar walls. Noninvasive and invasive variants of lepidic adenocarcinoma are dependent on parenchymal destruction, vascular, or pleural invasion. The lepidic-predominant lung malignancies are collectively recognized as slow growing with rare metastasis and excellent prognosis.

Molecular Characterization of HOXA2 and HOXA3 Binding Properties.

The highly conserved HOX homeodomain (HD) transcription factors (TFs) establish the identity of different body parts along the antero-posterior axis of bilaterian animals. Segment diversification and the morphogenesis of different structures is achieved by generating precise patterns of HOX expression along the antero-posterior axis and by the ability of different HOX TFs to instruct unique and specific transcriptional programs. However, HOX binding properties in vitro, characterised by the recognition of similar AT-rich binding sequences, do not account for the ability of different HOX to instruct segment-specific transcriptional programs.

HOX paralogs selectively convert binding of ubiquitous transcription factors into tissue-specific patterns of enhancer activation.

Gene expression programs determine cell fate in embryonic development and their dysregulation results in disease. Transcription factors (TFs) control gene expression by binding to enhancers, but how TFs select and activate their target enhancers is still unclear. HOX TFs share conserved homeodomains with highly similar sequence recognition properties, yet they impart the identity of different animal body parts.

Utility of Smartphone Telemedical Consultations for Peritonsillar Abscess Diagnosis and Triage.

Importance: Telemedicine is rapidly gaining traction as a way to reduce costs and connect patients with medical experts outside their local communities. Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a logical pathologic condition to evaluate for effectiveness of remote diagnosis given its prevalence and the paucity of on-site otolaryngologists at many institutions.

Objective: To explore the potential of otolaryngology telemedical consultation in triaging and diagnosing patients with suspected PTA.

Driving with undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): High prevalence of OSA risk in drivers who experienced a motor vehicle crash.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for motor vehicle crashes (MVC), and patients with diagnosed OSA have a higher likelihood of being involved in a traffic accident. OSA, however, is often underdiagnosed in the general population. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of undiagnosed OSA among hospitalized patients involved in MVCs.

Quantifying tinnitus suppression in cochlear implantation using tinnitus interval-limited tracking.

Objectives: Quantify the effects of cochlear implants (CI) on tinnitus suppression in patients with previous cochlear implantation using a novel audiologic sequence: Tinnitus Interval Limited Tracking (TILT).

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Methods: Consecutive patients with tinnitus and previous cochlear implantation for profound hearing loss underwent an audiologic testing sequence called TILT.

Additive effect of continuous adductor canal block and liposomal bupivacaine periarticular injection in total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Novel methods of postoperative analgesia for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have demonstrated improved functional outcomes and decreased narcotic consumption. These approaches include continuous adductor canal blocks (CACB) and periarticular injection (PAI). There is a lack of current understanding regarding the effect of these modalities on narcotic usage, functionality, and pain when both PAI and CACB are utilized compared to PAI alone.

SCUBA Medicine for otolaryngologists: Part I. Diving into SCUBA physiology and injury prevention.

Objectives: Introduce pertinent self-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) physiology and corresponding terminology. Appreciate the scope of diving and related otolaryngological injury. Illustrate pathophysiologic mechanisms for diving injuries.

SCUBA Medicine for Otolaryngologists: Part II. Diagnostic, Treatment, and Dive Fitness Recommendations.

Objectives: Challenge current practices and misconceptions in treating recreational SCUBA (Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) divers. Differentiate patients who are fit to dive and those with relative and absolute contraindications. Redefine the standard of care for fitness to dive parameters based on the most up-to-date evidence.

Atypical presentation of a solid-variant orbital aneurysmal bone cyst with a literature review.

Introduction: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, rapidly expansile, benign, vascular lesions capable of causing local bone destruction. The majority of cases present as multi-cystic lytic lesions (with solid-variant ABCs representing<10% of all presentations) of the long bones or vertebrae, rarely occurring in the head/neck region.

Clinical Case: A 44-year-old female presented with nine days of worsening pain, ptosis and proptosis in the right eye.

Characterization of newborn hearing screening failures in multigestational births.

Objective: To define the rate and characterize the type of newborn hearing screening failures in multigestational births.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all multigestational births that occurred in a 10-year period (2002-2012) in which at least one newborn failed newborn hearing screening at two tertiary care hospitals in the Northwell Health System.

Results: Out of 125,405 total births, we identified 2961 multigestational births, of which 59 (2.

Probable Immunoglobulin Subtype-G4-Related Disease in the Head and Neck from Foreign Body Injection: A Case Report.

Introduction Immunoglobulin subtype G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disease of unknown etiology, with manifestations involving nearly every organ system. Its association with foreign bodies is not established. Here, we present a novel case of IgG4-RD in response to foreign body injection.

Cancers of the nose, sinus, and skull base.

Malignancies of the nose, sinus, and skull base are rare. The most common histologies are squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. The most common primary sites are the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus.

Not for industry only: medical students and office-based academic detailing the PIVOT (Pregnant women Influenza Vaccine Optimization Team) initiative.

Academic detailing is a method of educational outreach that utilizes individualized encounters with physicians to broach specific medical issues in an evidence-based and quality-driven manner. Medical students utilized the matter of influenza vaccination during pregnancy as a lens through which to explore the methods of academic detailing in a community setting. Structured and customized dialogues between North Shore-LIJ affiliated obstetricians and Hofstra North Shore-LIJ medical students were conducted regarding the disparity between the proportion of providers that recommend the vaccine and the percentage of pregnant women being vaccinated annually.

Airway management considerations in children with I-cell disease.

Inclusion-cell disease (mucolipidosis II/I-cell disease) is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by a constellation of physical findings which complicate airway management. There is currently a deficit of published literature describing appropriate strategies for acute management of these children's airways. This paper details emergency and anesthetic airway management concerns and potential solutions in a small series of children with I-cell disease.

Mortality according to age and burned body surface in the Virgen del Rocio University Hospital.

The application of updated clinical protocols for the treatment of burned patients is showing very good results. The mortality curves according to age and the percentage of burned body surface could be of great use for the comparison of clinical results between different burns units. The probability of survival in 1000 consecutive patients admitted to the Burns Unit of the Virgen del Rocio University Hospital between July, 1993 and August, 1997, is compared, by graphic analysis, with the mortality curves of other centers, obtaining similar results.

[Evaluation of energy metabolism in burn patients: indirect calorimetry predictive equations].

Introduction: Knowing the most reliable method for measuring the metabolic energy use (MEU), is of great importance in patients with severe burns. For the calculation of the energetic requirements of large burn patients, several predictive equations (PE's) are used, based on weight, size, age, body surface area (BSA), and burned body surface (BBS). Previous studies note the tendency for over-or underestimating the MEU, depending on whether one or another PE is used, which is why it is considered necessary to calculate the energy requirements in the most exact manner possible, which can be done by means of indirect calorimetry (IC).

Patient-controlled analgesia and postoperative urinary retention after open appendectomy.

We retrospectively studied 279 patients who had undergone uncomplicated open appendectomy for acute appendicitis to determine risk factors for postoperative urinary retention. The gender of the patients, the operating time and the amount of fluid given perioperatively had no influence on the occurrence of retention. The amount of analgesic agent administered postoperatively and the age of the patient were significantly associated with urinary retention (p = 0.