Retrospective and prospective validation of model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score in predicting mortality in patients of alcoholic liver disease.

Background And Aim: Patients with alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis have significant morbidity and mortality. The model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score is used to predict mortality in patients with liver disease. Our study aimed to validate the utility of MELD score versus Child Pugh Turcotte (CPT) and modified CPT (CPT+creatinine; CPTC) scores in predicting mortality among alcoholic liver disease (ALD) patients.

Endoscopic removal of retained T- tube fragment.

T-tube usage is common following common bile duct exploration for calculi and other complex biliary surgeries to ensure proper biliary diversion and healing. A 25-year-old woman was referred from a surgical unit with a history of open cholecystectomy and common bile duct exploration for cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis with T-tube placement in the common bile duct for postoperative biliary diversion. While retrieving the T-tube, it got fractured and the fragment remained in the bile duct.