Otolaryngology Resident Education: Beyond Procedural Case Logs-A 10-Year Single Institutional Review.

Objective: To quantify the otolaryngologic diagnoses encountered in outpatient clinics by otolaryngology-head and neck surgery (OHNS) residents during their 5 years of postgraduate training.

Methods: This is a retrospective review at a single institution following 5 consecutive graduating resident cohorts throughout their training. The electronic health record was queried for OHNS clinic encounters from 2013 through 2022 during which the resident physicians were included as the visit provider or assistant to an attending physician.

Two Simultaneous Rare Head and Neck Lipomas: Vallecular Lipoma and Giant Intermuscular Neck Lipoma.

Lipomas are benign soft tissue neoplasms, involving the head and neck in roughly 15% of cases. We review a patient who presented with a palpable, anterior neck mass and progressive dysphagia, throat clearing, and dysphonia. He was found to have two simultaneous rare sites for head and neck lipomas: vallecular and intermuscular, anterior neck.

Observation of the hyperfine structure and anticrossings of hyperfine levels in the luminescence spectra of LiYF:Ho.

Resolved hyperfine structure and narrow inhomogeneously broadened lines in the optical spectra of a rare-earth-doped crystal are favorable for the implementation of various sensors. Here, a well-resolved hyperfine structure in the photoluminescence spectra of LiYF:Ho single crystals and the anticrossings of hyperfine levels in a magnetic field are demonstrated using a self-made setup based on a Bruker 125HR high-resolution Fourier spectrometer. This is the first observation of the resolved hyperfine structure and anticrossing hyperfine levels in the luminescence spectra of a crystal.

Long-term neuropsychological outcomes of survivors of young childhood brain tumors treated on the Head Start II protocol.

Background: The Head Start treatment protocols have focused on curing young children with brain tumors while avoiding or delaying radiotherapy through using a combination of high-dose, marrow-ablative chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AuHCT). Late effects data from treatment on the Head Start II (HS II) protocol have previously been published for short-term follow-up (STF) at a mean of 39.7 months post-diagnosis.

The role of doxycycline in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Introduction: Many theories on the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) exist. The most effective management of CRSwNP has not been elucidated. Doxycycline, which has anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties, has shown durable effects; however, its efficacy in combination with standard therapy has not been examined.

Using Lean to Improve Patient Safety and Resource Utilization After Pediatric Adenotonsillectomy.

Objective: The objective of this quality improvement project was to decrease the rate of nonemergent use of emergency department (ED) resources in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy by 50% and/or reach a future state of 5% or less overall ED visits among all postoperative patients within 1 year. A secondary objective was to standardize the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management of these patients.

Methods: The study was a quality improvement project using Lean.

An Evaluation of the Program-Specific Paragraph in the Otolaryngology Residency Application.

Objectives/hypothesis: The recent addition of mandatory program-specific paragraphs within the personal statement during the otolaryngology match process has been controversial. It is unclear whether applicants customize these paragraphs for programs, or if they are largely uniform across applications. The objective of our study was to assess the degree of variability among program-specific paragraphs.

Referral patterns from emergency department to otolaryngology clinic.

Objectives/hypothesis: Patients who present to the emergency department (ED) with various otolaryngologic disorders are frequently referred to an otolaryngologist for follow-up care. Our aim was to further characterize this group as it has not been well described in the literature.

Study Design: Cross-sectional retrospective study.

Use of Lean and CAHPS Surgical Care Survey to Improve Patients' Experiences with Surgical Care.

Objectives: (1) Measure patients' experiences with surgical care using the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) Surgical Care Survey. (2) Use lean thinking to analyze and improve quality of patient care.

Study Design: A prospective quality improvement study.

Student life - Say what you think.

'How do you think you're doing?' To a student, this opening question from a mentor can generate feelings ranging from optimism to anxiety. It is, however, just that - an opening question, and an opportunity for the student to talk about their clinical experiences and progress.

Random strain effects in optical and EPR spectra of electron-nuclear excitations in CaWO4:Ho(3+) single crystals.

We study paramagnetic Ho(3+) centers in CaWO4, a promising material for applications in quantum electronics and quantum information devices. Oriented single crystals with nominal holmium concentrations 0.05, 0.

Videoconferencing for the pre-operative interaction between patient and surgeon.

We studied the use of videoconferencing for the pre-operative patient-surgeon interaction. Subjects were recruited from otolaryngology patients undergoing surgery at a tertiary hospital. They were randomised to a conventional face-to-face interaction with their surgeon or a videoconference call via tablet computer.

Prevalence of severe obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric adenotonsillectomy patients.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the prevalence of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in a pediatric population who underwent indicated surgery for sleep disordered breathing (SDB).

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Methods: We reviewed the charts of patients aged 2 to 18 years who underwent tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy over a 4-year period.

Supporting pre-registration nursing students in their exploration of death and dying.

Student nurses will be exposed to dying patients from the very start of their education. The authors believe that nurse lecturers have a duty of care towards both the student and the patient in preparing them to cope with this experience. End of life care deserves further emphasis within the forum of nurse education.

Evaluation of a teaching tool to increase the accuracy of pilot balloon palpation for measuring tracheostomy tube cuff pressure.

Objectives/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel teaching tool to improve health care providers' ability to inflate tracheostomy tube cuffs to the appropriate pressure.

Study Design: Single-blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

Methods: Subjects were randomized to a control and study group.

Decoherence window and electron-nuclear cross relaxation in the molecular magnet V15.

Rabi oscillations in the V(15) single molecule magnet embedded in the surfactant (CH(3))(2)[CH(3)(CH(2))(16)CH(2)](2)N(+) have been studied at different microwave powers. An intense damping peak is observed when the Rabi frequency Ω(R) falls in the vicinity of the Larmor frequency of protons ω(N). The experiments are interpreted by a model showing that the damping (or Rabi) time τ(R) is directly associated with decoherence caused by electron-nuclear cross relaxation in the rotating reference frame.

Incentive spirometry for the tracheostomy patient.

Objective: To determine the feasibility of developing and using a customized incentive spirometer device for patients who have undergone a tracheostomy procedure.

Study Design: The authors performed a prospective case series approved by the institutional review board.

Setting: Academic medical center.

Phase transitions and crystal-field and exchange interactions in TbFe3(BO3)4 as seen via optical spectroscopy.

High-resolution polarized broadband (1800-23 000 cm(-1)) optical absorption spectra of Tb(3+) in TbFe(3)(BO(3))(4) single crystals are studied between room temperature and 4.2 K. The spectral signatures of the structural (R32-P3(1)21, T(S ) = 192 K) and magnetic (T(N ) = 41 K) phase transitions are found and analyzed.

More codeine fatalities after tonsillectomy in North American children.

In 2009 we reported the fatal case of a toddler who had received codeine after adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The child was an ultra-rapid metabolizer of cytochrome P4502D6 (CYP2D6). We now report 3 additional fatal or life-threatening cases from North America.

Bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy caused by intranasal corticosteroids: a case report and review of the literature.

The relationship between systemic corticosteroids and central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) has been well established; however, there also appears to be an association with intranasal corticosteroids. A search of the English literature revealed only three reported cases of CSCR linked to intranasal corticosteroid use, and in each, clinical improvement was observed after cessation of the steroid agent. We present an additional case of bilateral CSCR resulting from intranasal corticosteroid use and review the literature regarding this uncommon side effect.

Static magnetic susceptibility, crystal field and exchange interactions in rare earth titanate pyrochlores.

The experimental temperature dependence (T = 2-300 K) of single crystal bulk and site susceptibilities of rare earth titanate pyrochlores R(2)Ti(2)O(7) (R = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb) is analyzed in the framework of crystal field theory and a mean field approximation. Analytical expressions for the site and bulk susceptibilities of the pyrochlore lattice are derived taking into account long range dipole-dipole interactions and anisotropic exchange interactions between the nearest neighbor rare earth ions. The sets of crystal field parameters and anisotropic exchange coupling constants have been determined and their variations along the lanthanide series are discussed.

N-acetylcysteine as a novel prophylactic treatment for ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity in children: translational pharmacokinetics.

Ifosfamide (IFO), which is used in the treatment of pediatric solid tumors, causes high rates of nephrotoxicity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antidote for acetaminophen overdose, has been shown to prevent IFO-induced renal cell death and nephrotoxicity in both LLCPK-1 cells and a rat model. To facilitate the use of NAC in preventing IFO-induced nephrotoxicity in children, the authors compared the systemic exposure to NAC in children treated for acetaminophen overdose to the systemic exposure of the therapeutically effective rat model.

CdEr2Se4: a new erbium spin ice system in a spinel structure.

Here we present a detailed study of the spinel CdEr2Se4 and show it to be a new instance of spin ice, the first one in an erbium material and the first one in a spinel. Definitive experimental evidence comes from the temperature dependence of the magnetic entropy, which shows an excellent agreement with the predicted behavior for a spin ice state. Crystal field calculations demonstrate that the change in the local environment from that of the titanates completely alters the rare-earth anisotropy giving rise, in the case of Er3+, to the required Ising anisotropy, when Er2Ti2O7 behaves as an XY antiferromagnet.