Spatial and temporal patterns of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and the impact of environmental drivers in a border area of the Russian Far East.

Aims: Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a significant zoonotic disease transmitted by rodents. The distribution of HFRS in the European part of Russia has been studied quite well; however, much less is known about the endemic area in the Russian Far East. The mutual influence of the epidemic situation in the border regions and the possibility of cross-border transmission of infection remain poorly understood.

The impact of climatic factors on tick-related hospital visits and borreliosis incidence rates in European Russia.

Tick-borne diseases are among the challenges associated with warming climate. Many studies predict, and already note, expansion of ticks' habitats to the north, bringing previously non-endemic diseases, such as borreliosis and encephalitis, to the new areas. In addition, higher temperatures accelerate phases of ticks' development in areas where ticks have established populations.

Climatic Factors Influencing the Anthrax Outbreak of 2016 in Siberia, Russia.

In 2016, an outbreak of anthrax killing thousands of reindeer and affecting dozens of humans occurred on the Yamal peninsula, Northwest Siberia, after 70 years of epidemiological situation without outbreaks. The trigger of the outbreak has been ascribed to the activation of spores due to permafrost thaw that was accelerated during the summer heat wave. The focus of our study is on the dynamics of local environmental factors in connection with the observed anthrax revival.

Reindeer Anthrax in the Russian Arctic, 2016: Climatic Determinants of the Outbreak and Vaccination Effectiveness.

The Yamal Peninsula in the Russian Federation experienced a massive outbreak of anthrax in reindeer () in July-August 2016, with 2,650 (6.46% of the total susceptible population) animals infected, of which 2,350 died (case fatality rate of 88.67%).

Ecological and Socio-Economic Determinants of Livestock Animal Leptospirosis in the Russian Arctic.

Leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonotic infectious disease caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus . Regional differences in the disease manifestation and the role of ecological factors, specifically in regions with a subarctic and arctic climate, remain poorly understood. We here explored environmental and socio-economic features associated with leptospirosis cases in livestock animals in the Russian Arctic during 2000-2019.

Abortion and infant mortality change driven by socioeconomic conditions in Russia.

Increasing fertility and decreasing mortality are major response strategies in Russian demographic reform, which has led to significant decreases in both abortion rate (AR) and infant mortality. This study explores mechanisms influencing the socioeconomic conditions leading to abortion and infant mortality. Spatial panel economic analysis using data from the 83 regions of the country covering four time periods was applied.

Emerging Natural Focal Infectious Diseases in Russia: A Medical-Geographical Study.

In Russia, as in other countries, the problem of emerging natural focal infectious diseases (EIDs) became more acute toward the end of the 20th century. However, the situation in Russia is unknown to foreign readers, while the prevention and control of these diseases require international collaboration. The aim of the study is to provide a medical-geographical assessment of the distribution of the main natural focal EIDs in Russia, as well as to present the approaches used in the country to create aggregate maps of risk assessment.

Health risks facing travelers to Russia with special reference to natural-focal diseases.

Background: Russia, an enormous country almost completely located within temperate latitudes, has a broad spectrum of natural landscapes which attract increasing numbers of tourists, from arctic deserts in the north to steppes and deserts in the south. Currently, tourism is undergoing active development in Russia: new travel routes, including ones that involve visiting the wilderness, are steadily appearing. Among the multitude of infectious diseases that can endanger travelers, natural-focal diseases, whose agents and/or carriers are integral to natural landscapes, are especially prominent.

[The "natural focal diseases" medical and geographical atlas of Russia as a tool to analyze their incidence in the population].

The Faculty of Geography, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, is creating a "Natural Focal Diseases" medical and geographical atlas of Russia.

Natural-focal diseases: mapping experience in Russia.

Background: Natural-focal diseases constitute a serious hazard for human health. Agents and vectors of such diseases belong to natural landscapes. The aim of this study is to identify the diversity and geography of natural-focal diseases in Russia and to develop cartographic approaches for their mapping, including mathematical-cartographical modeling.

[Experience in predicting malaria epidemiological parameters in Russia in the 21st century].

An attempt was made to create a model for the tertian malaria situation in European Russia and Western Siberia. Prediction was done on the basis of the data of climate modeling within the CMIP3 project by the IPCC A2 scenario, which revealed that there would be better conditions for malaria pathogen development in the mid-21st century, suggesting an increased epidemic danger.

[Relationship between zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis morbidity in the Murgab oasis and hydrometeorological factors].

The relationships of changes in the incidence of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) in the Mary velayat, Turkmenistan, to those in hydrometeroelogical factors in 1951 to 1993 were first analyzed and the regularities found were evaluated. There is an inverse relationship of the incidence to the temperatures of the preceding winter. The long persistence of sun shining seems to have a negative impact on the foci of ZCL.

[The multiyear changes in the epidemic activity of the foci of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis at the Murgab oasis. I. An analysis of the relations of morbidity to heliogeophysical factors].

Attempts were made to analyse the relationships of changes in the pattern of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) morbidity by the 1951-1993 statistics of the Turkmenistan Ministry of Health by the areas of Maryĭskiĭ velaiat with heliogeophysical factors. For quantitative characterization of solar activity changes, various indices were used; among them there was the Wolf number, radio radiation flux at a wavelength of 10.7 cm.

[Distribution characteristics of Leishmania tropica major strains of differing virulence in natural and territorial complexes of the Murgab eco-area (southeastern Turkmenistan)].

In September--October of 1973 and 1974 263 specimens of Rhombomys opimus were shot in the territory of the Murghab stationar. The seeding of the material (a piece of tissue) from all animals into NNN medium was done. 9 strains of L.