[Study of capability for recognition of complex visual stimuli of different quantities in the lower monkeys].

Capability of monkeys for identification of quantitative signs has been studied at recognition and comparison of two- and three-dimensional objects in quantities from 1 to 8. The work was carried out on two species of the low monkeys: rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and brown capuchins (Cebus apella). The studied representatives of the monkeys have been established to be able to differentiate planar images and casts of cherries in various quantity combinations from 1 to 8 and to identify identical signs of visual stimuli.

[Complex behavior forms in the lower monkeys in the process of identification of quantitative signs of visual stimuli].

Complex behavior forms and the ability of monkeys to recognize and to compare by identity the two-dimensional images and three-dimensional objects of various colors in the amount from 5 to 9 were studied. The study was carried out on two species of the lower monkeys of different levels of phylogenetic development: on rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and on brown capuchins (Cebus apella). It has been established that the representatives of the studied monkey species are able to differentiate large counted multitudes of two-dimensional (images of squares) and three-dimensional (objects of round shape) stimuli of red, yellow, and green colors in different quantitative rations--from 5 to 9 at solving modifications of tasks of the type "choice by the sample".

[Intellectual activity during formation of quantitative concepts in the lower and higher monkeys].

Results of study of formation of quantitative concepts in the lower and higher monkey are presented. Various authors used different methods of study of this issue. It has been established that not only the higher primates, such as chimpanzee and orangutans, but also the lower ones--macaques, capuchins, squirrel monkeys--have the "mathematical capabilities".

[Hypothalamo-pituitary system controls the development of humoral immune response during prenatal ontogenesis in rats].

We studied the influence of the neuroendocrine system on the development of humoral immune response to sheep erythrocytes in rat fetuses. The removal of brain in utero by decapitation of 18-day fetuses induced a fourfold increase in the number of antibody-forming cells in the liver, as compared to the unoperated fetuses. After the removal of the forebrain, including hypothalamus (encephalectomy), the number of antibody-forming cells was comparable to that in unoperated fetuses.

[Mediated participation of the opioid system in regulation of pain sensitivity by peptide fragments MP1 and MP2].

The naloxone-dependent modulating effect of synthetic analogs of myelopeptides, MP1 and MP2, on pain sensitivity in mice was determined at doses 10(-13) and 10(-8) g/animal. Binding of the peptides to opioid receptors of mouse brain membranes was studied by the radioligand assay. For MP1, the displacement of [3H]DAGO (selective mu-agonist) by IC50 = 7.

[Cognitive activity during the recognition of a different number of objects in the adolescent chimpanzee].

The ability of adolescent chimpanzee (5-7 years old) to recognise and generalize flat pictures of discrete amounts has been studied. A set of tasks (19 signal pairs) with pictures of different number of objects was used. Situational conditional reflexes of chimpanzee were developed in conditions of free behavior.