Early Brain Injury and Neuroprotective Treatment after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Literature Review.

Early brain injury (EBI) subsequent to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is strongly associated with delayed cerebral ischemia and poor patient prognosis. Based on investigations into the molecular mechanisms underlying EBI, neurovascular dysfunction resulting from SAH can be attributed to a range of pathological processes, such as microvascular alterations in brain tissue, ionic imbalances, blood-brain barrier disruption, immune-inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and activation of cell death pathways. Research progress presents a variety of promising therapeutic approaches for the preservation of neurological function following SAH, including calcium channel antagonists, endothelin-1 receptor blockers, antiplatelet agents, anti-inflammatory agents, and anti-oxidative stress agents.

A Review of Artificial Intelligence in the Rupture Risk Assessment of Intracranial Aneurysms: Applications and Challenges.

Intracranial aneurysms (IAs) are highly prevalent in the population, and their rupture poses a significant risk of death or disability. However, the treatment of aneurysms, whether through interventional embolization or craniotomy clipping surgery, is not always safe and carries a certain proportion of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early detection and prompt intervention of IAs with a high risk of rupture is of notable clinical significance.