The association of radiologic right heart strain indices with the severity of pulmonary parenchymal involvement and prognosis in patients with COVID-19.

Introduction: It has been demonstrated that an increase in the diameter of the right ventricle or pulmonary artery in COVID-19 patients could be associated with the severity of lung involvement and may lead to unfavorable outcomes, particularly in the presence of pulmonary vascular diseases. This study investigated the relationship between these right heart strain features, the extent of lung involvement, and their prognostic values in patients without vascular comorbidities.

Methods: This study selected 154 consecutive patients with positive chest computed tomography (CT) findings and no evidence of concurrent pulmonary disease.

Expandable hESC-derived cardiovascular progenitor cells generate functional cardiac lineage cells for microtissue construction.

Background: Cardiovascular progenitor cells (CPCs) derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are considered valuable cell sources for investigating cardiovascular physiology in vitro. Meeting the diverse needs of this application requires the large-scale production of CPCs in an in vitro environment. This study aimed to use an effective culture system utilizing signaling factors for the large-scale expansion of hESC-derived CPCs with the potential to differentiate into functional cardiac lineage cells.

Insight into the cardioprotective effects of melatonin: shining a spotlight on intercellular Sirt signaling communication.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death and illness worldwide. While there have been advancements in the treatment of CVDs using medication and medical procedures, these conventional methods have limited effectiveness in halting the progression of heart diseases to complete heart failure. However, in recent years, the hormone melatonin has shown promise as a protective agent for the heart.

Promotion of cardiac microtissue assembly within G-CSF-enriched collagen I-cardiogel hybrid hydrogel.

Tissue engineering as an interdisciplinary field of biomedical sciences has raised many hopes in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases as well as development of three-dimensional (3D) cardiac models. This study aimed to engineer a cardiac microtissue using a natural hybrid hydrogel enriched by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a bone marrow-derived growth factor. Cardiac ECM hydrogel (Cardiogel: CG) was mixed with collagen type I (ColI) to form the hybrid hydrogel, which was tested for mechanical and biological properties.

Decoding common genetic alterations between Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma: A bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a common cancer with a poor prognosis in advanced stages. Therefore, early EAC diagnosis and treatment have gained attention in recent decades. It has been found that various pathological changes, particularly Barrett's Esophagus (BE), can occur in the esophageal tissue before the development of EAC.

Translational Approach Using Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products for Huntington's Disease.

Current therapeutic approaches for Huntington's disease (HD) focus on symptomatic treatment. Therefore, the unavailability of efficient disease-modifying medicines is a significant challenge. Regarding the molecular etiology, targeting the mutant gene or advanced translational steps could be considered promising strategies.

UBE2C: A pan-cancer diagnostic and prognostic biomarker revealed through bioinformatics analysis.

Background: The diverse and complex attributes of cancer have made it a daunting challenge to overcome globally and remains to endanger human life. Detection of critical cancer-related gene alterations in solid tumor samples better defines patient diagnosis and prognosis, and indicates what targeted therapies must be administered to improve cancer patients' outcome.

Materials And Methods: To identify genes that have aberrant expression across different cancer types, differential expressed genes were detected within the TCGA datasets.

Fragmented QRS, a strong predictor of mortality and major arrhythmic events in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Fragmented QRS (fQRS), which is associated with rhythm disturbances, can predispose the heart to fatal ventricular arrhythmias. Recently, accumulating studies indicates that fQRS is associated with poor prognosis in various types of cardiomyopathies. Therefore, we assessed the association between fQRS with all-cause mortality and major arrhythmic events (MAEs) in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy, in this systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Role of long noncoding RNAs in pathological cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction: An emerging insight into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of heart failure (HF), accounting for high mortality and morbidity worldwide. As a consequence of ischemia/reperfusion injury during MI, multiple cellular processes such as oxidative stress-induced damage, cardiomyocyte death, and inflammatory responses occur. In the next stage, the proliferation and activation of cardiac fibroblasts results in myocardial fibrosis and HF progression.

Predictive modeling for acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a machine learning approach.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the preventable complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study aimed to develop machine learning (ML) models to predict AKI after PCI in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods: This study was conducted at Tehran Heart Center from 2015 to 2020.

Recent Insights into the Angioregulatory Role of Long Non-coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Gliomas: From Signaling Pathways to Clinical Aspects.

The most prevalent and severe malignancy of the central nervous system within the brain is glioma. Glioma is a vascularized cancer, and angiogenesis is necessary for glioma growth, invasion, and recurrence. It is also believed that this factor is this factor to be accountable for therapy resistance in many cancers, including glioma.

Melatonin as a regulator of apoptosis in leukaemia: molecular mechanism and therapeutic perspectives.

Leukaemia is a dangerous malignancy that causes thousands of deaths every year throughout the world. The rate of morbidity and mortality is significant despite many advancements in therapy strategies for affected individuals. Most antitumour medications used now in clinical oncology use apoptotic signalling pathways to induce cancer cell death.

Circular RNAs: novel actors of Wnt signaling pathway in lung cancer progression.

Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are a class of regulatory RNA transcripts, which are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotes. CircRNA dysregulation has been shown to disrupt the interaction of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, which regulates several biological processes involved in tumorigenesis, thereby contributing to the development and progression of cancer. Interactions of tumor-derived circRNAs with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway provide both clinical diagnostic biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets.

Non-coding RNAs in leukemia drug resistance: new perspectives on molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways.

Like almost all cancer types, timely diagnosis is needed for leukemias to be effectively cured. Drug efflux, attenuated drug uptake, altered drug metabolism, and epigenetic alterations are just several of the key mechanisms by which drug resistance develops. All of these mechanisms are orchestrated by up- and downregulators, in which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not encode specific proteins in most cases; albeit, some of them have been found to exhibit the potential for protein-coding.

The prognostic role of the low and very low baseline LDL-C level in outcomes of patients with cardiac revascularization; comparative registry-based cohort design.

Background: Although low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level is considered one of the main prognostic factors in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the question about "the lower the better" is still unanswered. We aimed to evaluate and compare the outcomes of patients with CABG and low or very low baseline LDL-C, regardless of statin usage.

Methods: In this registry-based cohort study, 10,218 patients with low/very low (70-100 and ≤ 70 mg/dL) baseline LDL-C who underwent isolated and the first-time CABG without known previous history of cardio-cerebrovascular events, were included and compared.

The Significant Role of microRNAs in Gliomas Angiogenesis: A Particular Focus on Molecular Mechanisms and Opportunities for Clinical Application.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with only 20-22 nucleic acids that inhibit gene transcription and translation by binding to mRNA. MiRNAs have a diverse set of target genes and can alter most physiological processes, including cell cycle checkpoints, cell survival, and cell death mechanisms, affecting the growth, development, and invasion of various cancers, including gliomas. So optimum management of miRNA expression is essential for preserving a normal biological environment.

Anti-Mullerian hormone and cardiometabolic status: a systematic review.

Background: To summarise the relationship between Anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels and cardiometabolic status in different populations.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched for retrieving observational studies published up to February 2022 investigating the relationship between AMH level and cardiometabolic status.

Results: Of 3,643 studies retrieved from databases, a total of 37 observational studies were included in this review.

Impact of polyphenols on heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy: clinical effects and molecular mechanisms.

Polyphenols are abundant in regular diets and possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Regarding the inadequacy of the current treatments in preventing cardiac remodeling following cardiovascular diseases, attention has been focused on improving cardiac function with potential alternatives such as polyphenols. The following online databases were searched for relevant orginial published from 2000 to 2023: EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases.

Caffeine Drug Interactions and its Clinical Implication After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Literature Review.

The hemodynamic and cardiovascular impacts of coffee and caffeine have long been controversial. However, due to the worldwide popularity of coffee and caffeinated beverages, it is essential to understand how they affect the cardiovascular system, specifically in patients with a history of acute coronary syndrome. This literature review was conducted to explore the cardiovascular effects of coffee and caffeine and their interactions with common drugs after acute coronary syndrome and percutaneous coronary intervention.

Evaluating the pure effect of weight on cardiac function in patients with cardiac syndrome X.

Background: Obese patients have more coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors that may affect myocardial function. We aimed to assess the ability of echocardiography-derived conventional parameters, left atrial strain, and global longitudinal strain to detect early diastolic and systolic dysfunction in obese individuals with almost no CAD risk factors.

Method: We studied 100 participants with structurally normal hearts, ejection fractions above 50%, almost normal coronary arteries in coronary angiogram (syndrome X), and no cardiovascular risk factor except dyslipidemia.

Adjunctive therapy with lipid-lowering agents in COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Many commonly used drugs were evaluated as repurposed treatment options since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. The benefit of lipid-lowering agents has been controversial in this regard. In this systematic review, we assessed the effect of these medications as adjunctive therapy in COVID-19 by the inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

The landscape of exosomal non-coding RNAs in breast cancer drug resistance, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. Like many other cancers, BC therapy is challenging and sometimes frustrating. In spite of the various therapeutic modalities applied to treat the cancer, drug resistance, also known as, chemoresistance, is very common in almost all BCs.

Melatonin targeting non-coding RNAs in cancer: Focus on mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.

Despite, melatonin is mainly known as a regulatory factor for circadian rhythm, its notable role in other fundamental biological processes, such as redox homeostasis and programmed cell death, has been found. In this line, a growing body of evidence indicated that melatonin could apply an inhibitory effect on the tumorigenic processes. Hence, melatonin might be considered an efficient adjuvant agent for cancer treatment.