Bacterial vaginosis and the risk of early miscarriage in women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles: a prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to assess the possible association of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and early miscarriage in 408 women undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for reasons of male infertility. A vaginal sample was obtained before oocyte retrieval and evaluated for BV-associated bacteria using the Nugent scoring system. The primary outcome was early miscarriage and the secondary outcomes included implantation, pregnancy, late miscarriage, preterm delivery and live birth rates.