The acute effect of exercise modality and nutrition manipulations on post-exercise resting energy expenditure and respiratory exchange ratio in women: a randomized trial.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise modality and pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) or protein (PRO) ingestion on post-exercise resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in women.

Methods: Twenty recreationally active women (mean ± SD; age 24.6 ± 3.

The acute effect of exercise modality and nutrition manipulations on post-exercise resting energy expenditure and respiratory exchange ratio in women: a randomized trial.

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of exercise modality and pre-exercise carbohydrate (CHO) or protein (PRO) ingestion on post-exercise resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in women.

Methods: Twenty recreationally active women (mean ± SD; age 24.6 ± 3.

High-intensity interval training: Modulating interval duration in overweight/obese men.

Introduction: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient strategy shown to induce various cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations. Little is known about the optimal tolerable combination of intensity and volume necessary for adaptations, especially in clinical populations.

Objectives: In a randomized controlled pilot design, we evaluated the effects of two types of interval training protocols, varying in intensity and interval duration, on clinical outcomes in overweight/obese men.

Muscle size, quality, and body composition: characteristics of division I cross-country runners.

The primary purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA), echo intensity (EI), and body composition of Division I cross-country runners. The secondary purpose was to examine differences in these variables in athletes stratified based on stress-fracture (SFx) history. Thirty-six athletes were stratified based on sex and SFx history.

Muscle characteristics and body composition of NCAA division I football players.

The purpose of this study was to examine muscle characteristics of the vastus lateralis (VL) and body composition of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I football players. Sixty-nine Division I football players (mean ± SD; age: 20.0 ± 1.

Effects of pomegranate extract on blood flow and running time to exhaustion.

Recent research has shown that dietary nitrate has favorable effects on blood flow and exercise performance. The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was to investigate the acute effects of pomegranate extract on blood flow, vessel diameter, and exercise performance in active individuals. Nineteen men and women (mean ± SD: age, 22.

Evaluation of muscle quality reliability and racial differences in body composition of overweight individuals.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of ultrasound measures of muscle cross-sectional area (mCSA) and echo intensity (EI) in overweight subjects. A secondary purpose was to evaluate racial differences in EI, mCSA and body composition. In 33 overweight subjects, mCSA and EI were determined from a panoramic ultrasound scan of the vastus lateralis.

Reproducibility and validity of A-mode ultrasound for body composition measurement and classification in overweight and obese men and women.

Unlabelled: Identifying portable methods to measure body composition may be more advantageous than using body mass index (BMI) to categorize associated health consequences.

Purpose: To compare the validity and reliability of a portable A-mode ultrasound (US) to a criterion three compartment model (3C) for the measurement of body composition.

Methods: Forty-seven overweight and obese subjects participated in this study.

The effects of beta-alanine supplementation on physical working capacity at heart rate threshold.

Beta-alanine (BA) supplementation has been shown to delay neuromuscular fatigue as a result of increased muscle carnosine concentrations. Carnosine has also been found in brain and cardiac tissue. The physical working capacity test at heart rate threshold (PWC(HRT)) is a global estimate of the onset of fatigue during exercise, influenced by central and peripheral factors.

Body composition assessment in overweight women: validation of air displacement plethysmography.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of air displacement plethysmography (ADP) compared to a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) criterion for body composition measurement in overweight and obese women (BMI ≥ 25·0 kg m(2) ).

Subjects/methods: Twenty-four overweight and obese women (Mean ± SD; Age: 36·6 ± 12·0 years; Height: 166·4 ± 5·8 cm; Weight: 86·5 ± 14·2 kg; Body Fat: 38·5 ± 3·7%; BMI: 31·3 ± 5·5 kg m(2) ) were tested after an 8-h fast. Fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM) and percent body fat (%BF) were measured by ADP and compared to values determined by the DXA criterion.