Anti-HERV-W antibodies are correlated with seroreactivity against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in children and youths at T1D risk.

Recent evidence points at the role that human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) may play through the activation of genes integrated across the human genome. Although a variety of genetic/epigenetic mechanisms maintain most HERVs silenced, independent environmental stimuli including infections may transactivate endogenous elements favoring pathogenic conditions. Several studies associated exposures to Mycobacterium avium subsp.

[Direction of change in the somatic development in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes].

Introduction: Disorders of somatic development in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes can lead to unstable course of the disease and the difficulties in obtaining good metabolic control.

Aim: Evaluation of somatic development in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in different age categories.

Material And Methods: Agroup of 97 girls and 90 boys with type 1 diabetes was examined.

[Glucokinase gene mutation as a causative factor of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus].

Introduction: The most frequent type of diabetes in childhood is type 1 diabetes. Thanks to the development of genetic testing, the rare monogenic forms of that disease have been defined. One of them is neonatal diabetes identified within the first 6 months of life and often associated with the mutation in KCNJ11, ABCC8 or insulin gene.