Ovoid foveal hyperreflective lesions as a sign of familial adenomatous polyposis: A case series and review.

Purpose: To report 2 cases of presumed retinal hamartoma (RH) in pediatric patients with genetically-confirmed familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), both evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and one evaluated with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Observations: A six-year-old girl presented with occasional blurry vision in the left eye. OCT showed a foveal hyperreflective lesion with disruption of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

A multi-center analysis of visual outcomes following open globe injury.

The purpose of this study was to examine how demographics, etiology, and clinical examination findings are related to visual outcomes in subjects with open globe injury (OGI) across a large and generalizable sample. A retrospective cohort analysis was performed using data collected from the electronic medical records of four tertiary university centers for subjects with OGI presenting from 2018 to 2021. Demographic information, injury mechanisms, clinical exam findings, visual acuity (VA) at presentation and most recent follow-up were recorded.

Short-term Detection of Fast Progressors in Glaucoma: The Fast Progression Assessment through Clustered Evaluation (Fast-PACE) Study.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of an intensive, clustered testing approach in identifying eyes with rapid glaucoma progression over 6 months in the Fast Progression Assessment through Clustered Evaluation (Fast-PACE) Study.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Participants: A total of 125 eyes from 65 primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) subjects.

Thermal Preferences of Cowpea Seed Beetles (): Effects of Sex and Nuptial Gift Transfers.

The thermal environment influences insect performance, but the factors affecting insect thermal preferences are rarely studied. We studied seed beetles and hypothesized that thermal preferences are influenced by water balance, with individuals with limited water reserves preferring cooler habitats to reduce evaporative water loss. Adult , in their flightless morph, do not consume food or water, but a copulating male provides a female with a nuptial gift of ejaculate containing nutrients and water.

Occult Pneumothorax Identification on Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma Examination in Children.

Objective: Occult pneumothoraces (OPTXs) are defined by air within the pleural space that is not visible on conventional chest radiographs (CXR). The aim of this study was to understand how frequently the Extended Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (eFAST) examination identifies occult PTX in a pediatric blunt trauma population as compared with a criterion standard of chest computed tomography (CCT).

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of blunt trauma patients younger than 18 years who underwent CCT at Los Angeles County +USC Medical Center Emergency Department from October 2015 to April 2017.

CT-guided cryoablation of mediastinal parathyroid adenoma: an alternative to surgery.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly caused by adenoma formation in one of the 4 parathyroid glands. The presence of ectopic parathyroid tissue is relatively common and can lead to difficulties in identification and treatment if affected by adenoma. This report describes the case of a 45-year-old female who presented 10 years status post thyroidectomy with symptomatic hyperparathyroidism and found to have ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the anterior mediastinum.

Does seed size mediate sex-specific reproduction costs in the Callosobruchus maculatus bean beetle?

There is a trade-off between reproductive effort and adult longevity, and when resource allocation is taken into account, it is especially pronounced in species that have aphagous adult forms. This trade-off may be further complicated by environmental factors such as nutrient availability during larval development and by the other sex, which influences the costs of reproduction due to the presentation of nuptial gifts. Here, we examined the influence of larval nutrient quantity on the sex-specific longevity costs of reproduction in the gift-giving seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus.

Lung cancer metastasis to the breast mimicking inflammatory breast carcinoma on imaging.

While metastatic disease to the breast has been documented from many primary neoplasms with incidence ranging from 0.2% to approximately 2.7% among reported clinical cases, breast cancer metastases resulting from a primary lung neoplasm is significantly less commonly reported in the literature.

Muscle length and joint angle influence spinal but not corticospinal excitability to the biceps brachii across forearm postures.

Forearm rotation (supination/pronation) alters corticospinal excitability to the biceps brachii, but it is unclear whether corticospinal excitability is influenced by joint angle, muscle length, or both. Thus the purpose of this study was to separately examine elbow joint angle and muscle length on corticospinal excitability. Corticospinal excitability to the biceps and triceps brachii was measured using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited via transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Review of Interventions and Radiation Exposure from Chest Computed Tomography in Children with Blunt Trauma.

Objective: To determine the radiation risk to a child undergoing trauma evaluation with chest computed tomography (CCT) for every clinically actionable injury identified.

Study Design: This observational, cross-sectional study included all blunt trauma patients under 18 years of age undergoing CCT in a single urban emergency department. Via a retrospective chart review, therapeutic interventions done exclusively for chest injuries identified on CCT scan were identified.

Genetic components in a thermal developmental plasticity of the beetle Tribolium castaneum.

Low developmental temperatures cause ectotherms to retard growth, postpone maturation, and emerge at either larger or smaller adult size. In this study, we explored how these thermal responses evolved, focusing on their genetic basis. We applied a full diallel breeding design on inbred lines of the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum.

Response of Development and Body Mass to Daily Temperature Fluctuations: a Study on .

Differences in thermal regimes are of paramount importance in insect development. However, experiments that examine trait development under constant temperature conditions may yield less evolutionarily relevant results than those that take naturally occurring temperature fluctuations into account. We investigated the effect of different temperature regimes (constant 30 °C, constant 35 °C, fluctuating with a daily mean of 30 °C, or fluctuating with a daily mean of 35 °C) on sex-specific development time and body mass in .

Implementation of the German Mammography Screening Program (German MSP) and First Results for Initial Examinations, 2005-2009.

Background: The German Mammography Screening Program (German MSP) is population-based and intended for women aged 50-69 years (approximately 10.5 million). The program started in 2005 and was implemented within 5 years.

Response of body size and developmental time of Tribolium castaneum to constant versus fluctuating thermal conditions.

Temperature has profound effects on biological functions at all levels of organization. In ectotherms, body size is usually negatively correlated with ambient temperature during development, a phenomenon known as The Temperature-Size Rule (TSR). However, a growing number of studies have indicated that temperature fluctuations have a large influence on life history traits and the implications of such fluctuations for the TSR are unknown.

17-Beta-estradiol inhibits transforming growth factor-beta signaling and function in breast cancer cells via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase through the G protein-coupled receptor 30.

Breast cancer development and breast cancer progression involves the deregulation of growth factors leading to uncontrolled cellular proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta plays a crucial role in breast cancer because it has the potential to act as either a tumor suppressor or a pro-oncogenic chemokine. A cross-communication between the TGF-beta signaling network and estrogens has been postulated, which is important for breast tumorigenesis.

Fatigue and the electromechanical efficiency of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles.

Context: The relationship between the amplitudes of the mechanomyographic (MMG) and electromyographic (EMG) signals has been used to examine the "electromechanical efficiency" (EME) of normal and diseased muscle. The EME may help us to better understand the neuromuscular relationship between the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles.

Objective: To examine the EME of the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles during a fatiguing task.

17-Beta-estradiol inhibits transforming-growth-factor-beta-induced MCF-7 cell migration by Smad3-repression.

Motility of malignant cells plays a crucial role for the metastasis of tumours. Both, 17-beta-estradiol and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), induce migration of MCF-7 breast cancer cells and simultaneous treatment resulted in an additive effect of the migratory response. But most interestingly, when cells were preincubated with 17-beta-estradiol, the ability of TGF-beta to evoke chemotaxis was drastically diminished.

Toxicological evaluation of the ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus L. for use as a dietary supplement and in functional foods.

TARRALIN is an ethanolic extract of Artemisia dracunculus (Russian tarragon), a common medicinal and culinary herb with centuries of use. Artemisia dracunculus is a close relative of the French or cooking tarragon and contains components common to many herbs that are routinely consumed without reported adverse effects. Since safety information of Artemisia dracunculus and its extract is limited to historical use, TARRALIN was examined in a series of toxicological studies.