The Foundation to Advance Brain Rehabilitation: Organization, History, and Collaborative Database.

Objective: To describe the history, organization, goals, and data management procedures of the Foundation to Advance Brain Rehabilitation (FABR).

Setting: Postacute brain injury rehabilitation following acute inpatient care.

Key Points: FABR was incorporated in 2019 with a primary mission to advance brain rehabilitation through scientific and strategic analysis of industry-wide data.

Role and Outcomes of Supported Community Living Programs in Post-Hospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Programs.

Objectives: (1) To determine the proportion of participants admitted to supported community living (SCL) programs over the course of 5 years who improve, decline, or maintain functioning and community integration and (2) to examine the associations of time since injury, time in program, and age to their functional trajectory.

Setting: Data from SCL programs serving individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI).

Participants: 104 individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, or other ABI.

Evaluation of Posthospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Outcomes With Quasi-Experimental Controls.

Objective: To further evaluate, using quasi-experimental methodologies, posthospital brain injury rehabilitation outcomes described in an accompanying report of a large observational study ( n = 2120).

Setting: Data from Intensive Rehabilitation (IR: Residential Neurobehavioral, Residential Neurorehabilitation, Home and Community Neurorehabilitation, Day Treatment, Outpatient Neurorehabilitation) and Supported Living (SL) programs serving individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI).

Participants: Two hundred twenty-eight individuals with traumatic brain injury, stroke, or other ABI in propensity score analysis; 1344 in analysis by extent of recommended treatment completed (TC) rating.

Outcomes of Six Specific Types of Post-Hospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Programs.

Objective: Evaluate outcomes of intensive posthospital brain injury rehabilitation programs compared to supported living (SL) programs; explore variations in outcome by diagnostic category (traumatic brain injury, stroke, and other acquired brain injury [ABI]) and specific program type.

Setting: Data were obtained from Residential Neurobehavioral, Residential Neurorehabilitation, Home and Community Neurorehabilitation, Day Treatment, Outpatient Neurorehabilitation, and SL programs serving individuals with ABI.

Participants: A total of 2120 individuals with traumatic brain injury, stroke, or other ABI participated in this study.

Distinguishing Characteristics of Admissions to Various Types of Posthospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Programs.

Objective: Describe and compare the demographic characteristics and disability profiles of individuals admitted to 6 types of posthospital brain injury rehabilitation (PHBIR) programs.

Setting: Data from Residential Neurobehavioral, Residential Neurorehabilitation, Home and Community Neurorehabilitation, Day Treatment, Outpatient Neurorehabilitation, and Supported Living programs serving individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI).

Participants: Two thousand twenty-eight individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, or other ABI.

Protoplast Isolation, Culture, and Regeneration in Common and Tartary Buckwheat.

Techniques based on the use of plant protoplasts are a convenient model for better understanding and observing developmental changes in the cells. The establishment of research tools based on protoplasts consists of many steps needed for optimization. Here, we describe the culture of morphogenic callus (MC)- and hypocotyl-derived protoplasts of common (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) and Tartary (F.

Rasch Analysis of the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory for Posthospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation.

Objectives: Reexamine the item structure and reliability of the Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory (4th ed; MPAI-4) through Rasch analysis of admission and discharge scores for a large sample of adults with acquired brain injury (ABI) who participated in various types of posthospital brain injury rehabilitation (PHBIR) programs; (2) compare differential item functioning (DIF) for traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke and other ABI; and (3) explore the viability of more specific subscales in addition to the established indices.

Setting: Data from Residential Neurobehavioral, Residential Neurorehabilitation, Home and Community, Day Treatment, and Outpatient rehabilitation programs serving individuals with ABI.

Participants: A total of 2154 individuals with TBI, stroke, or other ABI.

Assessing the benefits and risks of amantadine for irritability and aggression after traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To quantify the benefits versus harms of amantadine in the treatment of irritability and aggression following traumatic brain injury.

Methods: Secondary outcome data from a randomized controlled multisite trial of amantadine 100 mg twice daily were used to calculate number-needed-to-treat (NNT). Given prior findings of positive clinician-perceived effects and low incidence of adverse events, we hypothesized low number-needed-to-treat for benefit (NNTB; high benefit) and high number-needed-to-treat for harm (NNTH; low risk) based on the clinician ratings, supporting the use of amantadine in clinical practice.

An Observational Cohort Study of the Role of Level of Effort in Post-Acute Brain Injury Rehabilitation.

Objective: To investigate the role of participant level of effort (LoE) on outcome in post-acute brain injury rehabilitation with the hypothesis that greater effort is associated with more positive outcomes.

Design: Observational cohort study.

Setting: Comprehensive integrated rehabilitation program for brain injury within a skilled nursing facility.

Retention-directed and selectivity controlled chromatographic resolution: Rapid post-hoc analysis of DMPK samples to achieve high-throughput LC-MS separation.

High quality chromatographic separation underpins robustness in LC-MS, frequently the analytical method of choice for pharmaceutical drug discovery work. The potential improvements in chromatographic selectivity afforded by serial column coupling (SCC), provide a useful means to enhance the resolution of complex samples. In this work, we present a revised high-throughput form of SCC, in which just two individual mixed phase columns were coupled together and combined with a gradient-optimised, retention-directed ultra-high pressure method to achieve rapid separations, with no further method optimisation necessary.

Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Posthospital Brain Injury Rehabilitation Providers.

Rehabilitation after significant acquired brain injury (ABI) to address complex independent activities of daily living and return to family and community life is offered primarily after initial hospitalization in outpatient day treatment, group home, skilled nursing, and residential settings and in the home and community of the person served. The coronavirus 2019 pandemic threatened access to care and the health and safety of staff, persons served, and families in these settings. This article describes steps taken to contain this threat by 7 leading posthospital ABI rehabilitation organizations.

A Standard Method for Determining the Minimal Clinically Important Difference for Rehabilitation Measures.

The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) is receiving increasing interest and importance in medical practice and research. The MCID is the smallest improvement in scores in the domain of interest that patients perceive as beneficial. In clinical trials, comparing the proportion of individuals between treatment and control groups who obtain a MCID may be more informative than comparisons of mean change between groups because a statistically significant mean difference does not necessarily represent a difference that is perceived as meaningful by treatment recipients.

Effectiveness of Post-Hospital Intensive Residential Rehabilitation after Acquired Brain Injury: Outcomes of 256 Program Completers Compared to Participants in a Residential Supported Living Program.

Post-hospital residential brain injury rehabilitation outcomes research is a complicated undertaking because of the custom-tailoring of interventions needed to meet the complex and unique need of each individual. As such, there tends to be great variability across program settings, which generally limits large-scale intervention studies. Growing literature demonstrates that post-hospital residential programs are beneficial.

Polytrauma Transitional Rehabilitation in the Veterans Administration: Implementing the Principles of Person-Centered, Participation-Oriented Rehabilitation.

Objective: To review principles of person-centered, participation-oriented (PCPO) rehabilitation and introduce their implementation in Veterans Administration (VA) Polytrauma Transitional Rehabilitation Programs (PTRPs).

Background: Post-hospital rehabilitation for individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI) has evolved toward PCPO rehabilitation, an approach that makes participation goals identified by the person served and his or her significant others the primary focus of rehabilitation. Goals to reduce impairments and increase activities contribute to the achievement of primary participation goals.

Evidence-Based Cognitive Rehabilitation: Systematic Review of the Literature From 2009 Through 2014.

Objectives: To conduct an updated, systematic review of the clinical literature, classify studies based on the strength of research design, and derive consensual, evidence-based clinical recommendations for cognitive rehabilitation of people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke.

Data Sources: Online PubMed and print journal searches identified citations for 250 articles published from 2009 through 2014.

Study Selection: Selected for inclusion were 186 articles after initial screening.

Longitudinal Effects of Medical Comorbidities on Functional Outcome and Life Satisfaction After Traumatic Brain Injury: An Individual Growth Curve Analysis of NIDILRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model System Data.

Objective: To explore associations of specific physical and neuropsychiatric medical conditions to motor and cognitive functioning and life satisfaction over the first 10 years following traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting: Telephone follow-up through 6 TBI Model System centers.

Participants: In total, 404 individuals or proxies with TBI enrolled in the TBI Model System longitudinal study participating in 10-year follow-up.

Prevalence of Medical and Psychiatric Comorbidities Following Traumatic Brain Injury.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of selected medical and psychiatric comorbidities that existed prior to or up to 10 years following traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring acute rehabilitation.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Six TBI Model Systems (TBIMS) centers.

Investigation of a New Couples Intervention for Individuals With Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to (1) examine the efficacy of a treatment to enhance a couple's relationship after brain injury particularly in relationship satisfaction and communication; and (2) determine couples' satisfaction with this type of intervention.

Design: Randomized waitlist-controlled trial.

Setting: Midwestern outpatient brain injury rehabilitation center.

Lipophilic activated ester prodrug approach for drug delivery to the intestinal lymphatic system.

The intestinal lymphatic system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of multiple diseases including lymphomas, cancer metastasis, autoimmune diseases, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is thus an important compartment for delivery of drugs in order to treat diseases associated with the lymphatic system. Lipophilic prodrug approaches have been used in the past to take advantage of the intestinal lymphatic transport processes to deliver drugs to the intestinal lymphatics.