Effects of continuous rate intravenous infusion of butorphanol on physiologic and outcome variables in horses after celiotomy.

A randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial was performed to determine whether butorphanol administered by continuous rate infusion (CRI) for 24 hours after abdominal surgery would decrease pain and surgical stress responses and improve recovery in horses. Thirty-one horses undergoing exploratory celiotomy for abdominal pain were randomly assigned to receive butorphanol CRI (13 microg/kg/h for 24 hours after surgery; treatment) or isotonic saline (control). All horses received flunixin meglumine (1.

The Umgeni bridge, a resin bonded pontic using a preformed fibre post an aesthetic procedure of low biological and fiscal cost.

A missing anterior tooth or open embrasures destroys the aesthetics of a smile. The replacement of a missing anterior tooth is one of the most rewarding and challenging aspects of restorative dentistry. There are a number of techniques to do this, however, most involve the use of a technician, which means additional cost to the patient and multiple visits.

Constipation, laxative use, and colon cancer in a North Carolina population.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether bowel movement frequency and laxative use and type were associated with risk of colon cancer in white and black men and women.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, case-control study with equal representation by blacks. Eligible subjects between ages 40 and 80 yr residing in urban and rural communities in North Carolina were asked about bowel habits and laxatives during face-to-face interviews.

Prostaglandin E2 and reactive oxygen metabolite damage in the cecum in a pony model of acute colitis.

The objective of this project was to determine early tissue biochemical events associated with increased colonic secretion during the acute stage of castor-oil-induced colitis by measuring cecal mucosal and submucosal malondialdehyde (MDA) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), levels in ponies. Intestinal tissue (inflamed or healthy) samples were obtained from 4 age- and sex-matched Shetland ponies. Biochemical methods were used to determine MDA and PGE2 levels in intestinal tissue samples from inflamed and healthy equine intestine.