Computational analysis of phytocompounds in for its antifibrotic and drug-likeness properties - Herb to drug study.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with no permanent cure that affects the quality of life due to trismus. Computational pharmacology has accelerated the discovery of drug candidates for the treatment of incurable diseases. The present study aimed to screen the compounds of the miracle herb with drug-likeness properties based on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties.

Natural products and diet for the prevention of oral cancer: Research from south and southeast Asia.

Medicinal plants are of prime importance in the discovery of drugs. They are an inherent source of naturally available phytochemicals that can help in the prevention and treatment of several diseases including cancer. This article reviews the experimental and clinical evidence of phytochemicals available in natural dietary products that are used in everyday life across South Asia and South-East Asia for their perceived effectiveness in the management of Potentially Malignant Disorders and prevention of Oral Cancer.

Molecular pathways of oral submucous fibrosis and its progression to malignancy.

Objective: The review aims to comprehend various factors engaged in the alteration of molecular events resulting in Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and its malignant transformation.

Design: Literature pertinent to pathways involved in OSMF were explored in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. The relevant literature was reviewed and critically appraised in this narrative review.

A non-destructive dielectric based approach for the rapid determination of tributyl phosphate in dodecane.

Reliable determination of tributyl phosphate (TBP) in suitable diluents is indispensable in studies related to nuclear fuel reprocessing. Herein, we present a rapid and non-destructive dielectric based approach to determine TBP in mixtures of TBP and n-dodecane in the quality control as well as research laboratories associated with nuclear fuel reprocessing. The measurement is based on an in-house developed new class of sensors called pulsating sensors.

Association of Human Papilloma Virus in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An Alarming Need for Human Papillomavirus 16 Screening in Cancer Patients.

Background: The percentage of cancers of the tongue and palatine tonsils has continued to increase by 2%-4% among younger men. This increased prevalence of a subsection of oropharyngeal carcinoma can be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). Among the head-and-neck cancers, a strong association with HPV infection is evident with oropharyngeal cancers, particularly tonsillar and basal tongue cancers.

Asymptomatic palatal mass: A case report.

Accidental detection of asymptomatic clinically suspicious lesions is a common occurrence in routine clinical examination of the oral cavity. In certain cases, these lesions may mimic benign lesions further adding to confusion. In this case report, we have discussed the case of a 51-year-old male patient with an asymptomatic palatal mass which was detected during a routine dental check-up and subsequently confirmed to be an adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) arising from the minor salivary glands.

Comparison of penetrating depth of chlorhexidine and chitosan into dentinal tubules with and without the effect of ultrasonic irrigation.

Background: Long term success of root canal treatment depends on complete removal of micro-organisms and their by-products. This can be effectively achieved by the ability of the irrigant to penetrate into the dentinal tubules, which is limited in the conventional mechanical debridement of the root canal system. Irrigant activation technique aids in movement of irrigants into the dentinal tubules.

Acanthomatous Ameloblastoma of Mandible in a Paediatric Patient.

Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing, benign odontogenic tumor derived from odontogenic epithelial components with a mature fibrous stroma. It is the second most common odontogenic neoplasm following odontome. Acanthomatous ameloblastoma histologically presents with squamous epithelial metaplastic transformation of odontogenic tissue.

Correlation of Clinical and Histopathological Grades in Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients with Oxidative Stress Markers in Saliva.

This study aimed to correlate the oxidative stress marker levels in saliva with the clinical stage based on mouth opening, fibrotic bands and histopathological grades of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) patients. The study included patients clinically diagnosed with OSF (n = 63) and equal number of age and gender matched controls. Patients with OSF were defined by mouth opening stage, fibrotic bands and histopathological grades.

Evaluation of the Role Played by Cyclin D1 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in the Progression of Oral Carcinogenesis.

Abstract: Cyclin D1 is linked with the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This case-control study was directed to characterise the immunoreactivity of the protein cyclin D1 and its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters of patients with OSCC and potentially malignant disorders (PMD). A group of patients with OSCC were followed up after treatment, and the cyclin D1 expression was reviewed for correlation of cyclin D1 expression with prognosis of the patients.

Role of Mast Cells in Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Lichenoid Reactions.

Introduction: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic T cell mediated disease of oral mucosa, skin, and its appendages with a prevalence of 0.5 to 2.6% worldwide.

Comparative Evaluation of Dental and Skeletal Fluorosis in an Endemic Fluorosed District, Salem, Tamil Nadu.

Background: High levels of fluoride in the drinking water, especially ground water, results in skeletal fluorosis which involves the bone and major joints. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis to compare with dental fluorosis in an endemically fluorosed population in the District of Salem, Tamil Nadu.

Materials And Methods: Institutional ethical clearance was obtained.

Mini review: Multifaceted role played by cyclin D1 in tumor behavior.

The objective of this paper is to discuss and put forward the various diversified roles of cyclin D1 in cancer. Neoplasia is defined by abnormal regulation of the cell cycle. Cyclin D1 could be a protein derived from the PRAD1, CCND1, or bcl-1 sequence on body 11q13 that is concerned in each traditional regulation of the cell cycle and pathologic process.

Excision of Mucocele Using Diode Laser in Lower Lip.

Mucoceles are nonneoplastic cystic lesions of major and minor salivary glands which result from the accumulation of mucus. These lesions are most commonly seen in children. Though usually these lesions can be treated by local surgical excision, in our case, to avoid intraoperative surgical complications like bleeding and edema and to enable better healing, excision was done using a diode laser in the wavelength of 940 nm.

Palatal Swelling: A Diagnostic Enigma.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a giant-cell-rich bony lesion associated with abundant multinucleated osteoclast-type giant cells. It is a primary neoplasm of bone with characteristic clinical, radiological, and pathological features. It is an expansive and lytic lesion without periosteal reaction and prominent peripheral sclerosis.

Management of a rare case of peripheral squamous odontogenic tumor of the gingiva.

Odontogenic tumors (OTs) arising from the periodontium are quite rare. Squamous OT (SOT) is one such neoplasm which has an exceedingly rare occurrence. According to the literature, there have been very few reported cases of SOT with a very small percentage involving the gingiva.

Histopathological Parameters predicting Occult Nodal Metastases in Tongue Carcinoma Cases: An Indian Perspective.

Background: It is a well-established fact that in squamous cell carcinoma cases, the presence of lymph node metastases decreased the 5-year survival rate by 50% and also caused the recurrence of the primary tumor with development of distant metastases. Till date, the predictive factors for occult cervical lymph nodes metastases in cases of tongue squamous cell carcinoma remain inconclusive. Therefore, it is imperative to identify patients who are at the greatest risk for occult cervical metastases.

Epstein-Barr virus and its association with rheumatoid arthritis and oral lichen planus.

Context: Pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (AD) is one of a multifactorial milieu. A genetic predisposition, an immune system failure, hormonal imbalance and environmental factors play important roles. Among the many environmental factors, the role of infection is gaining importance in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders; among them, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) plays a pivotal role.

Diagnostic markers of acute myocardial infarction.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The highest risk of fatality occurs within the initial hours of onset of AMI. Thus, early diagnosis of cardiac ischemia is critical for the effective management of patients with AMI.

Dental fluorosis: A histological study using Light and Confocal microscopy.

Aims: To observe and characterize the histological features of fluorosed teeth under light and confocal microscope (CFM).

Materials And Methods: A total of 25 fluorosed teeth and 5 normal teeth were collected from dentists across Dindigul, a known endemic area of fluorosis in South India. Ground sections of respective teeth were observed under light microscope and the sections were subsequently stained with acridine orange and studied under CFM.

OPN -Revisited.

Osteopontin (OPN), a matrix extracellular glyco-phosphoprotein is found in various tissues such as epithelium lined tissues, kidney, bone and teeth .It is also detected in all body fluids including blood and breast milk. OPN plays role in a number of physiological and pathologic events such as cell adhesion, migration and cell survival, angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation and wound healing.

Efficacy of oral exfoliative cytology in diabetes mellitus patients: a light microscopic and confocal microscopic study.

Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a global problem. By monitoring the health status of these individuals, diabetic complications can be prevented. We aimed to analyze alterations in the morphology and cytomorphometry of buccal epithelial cells of type 2 DM patients using oral exfoliative cytology technique and determine its importance in public health screening, diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus.

Evaluation of Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using Cytomorphometry of Buccal Cells and Correlation with Glycosylated Hemoglobin.

Background: To study cytological alterations in the exfoliated buccal cells of diabetic patients. To analyze the cytomorphometric findings in the smears of uncontrolled and controlled diabetic patients and compare it with that of normal healthy controls. To establish a correlation between cytomorphometric changes and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetics and normal controls, for evaluation of glycemic control.