Targeting Spore-Forming Bacteria: A Review on the Antimicrobial Potential of Selenium Nanoparticles.

Spore-forming bacterial species pose a serious threat to food plants and healthcare facilities that use high-temperature processing and sterilizing techniques to sanitize medical equipment and food items. These severe processing conditions trigger sporulation, which is the process by which spore-forming bacteria, such as those of the and species, begin to produce spores, which are extremely resilient entities capable of withstanding adverse environmental circumstances. Additionally, these spores are resistant to a wide range of disinfectants and antibacterial therapies, such as hydrolytic enzymes, radiation, chemicals, and antibiotics.

Long noncoding RNA, is associated with aneuploidy and its magnitude of expression level is dependent on P53 status.

Introduction: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a fascinating, but still largely uncharacterized, class of genes. Recently, lncRNAs have attracted significant attention due to their emerging functions in development and disease. The role of lncRNAs in chromosome instability or aneuploidy is not extensively studied.

Nile Red Fluorescence: Where's the Twist?

Nile Red is a fluorescent dye used extensively in bioimaging due to its strong solvatochromism. The photophysics underpinning Nile Red's fluorescence has been disputed for decades, with some studies claiming that the dye fluoresces from two excited states and/or that the main emissive state is twisted and intramolecular charge-transfer (ICT) in character as opposed to planar ICT (PICT). To resolve these long-standing questions, a combined experimental and theoretical study was used to unravel the mechanism of Nile Red's fluorescence.

A Standardized Mouse Model for Wound Infection with .

is a highly drug-resistant pathogen known to impair wound healing and provoke inflammatory responses, potentially leading to immune dysregulation. This study aimed to systematically investigate the immune response mechanisms mediated by cytokines following infection through the development of a standardized wound model. Kunming mice were selected as experimental subjects and given 8 mm diameter lesions on their backs and inoculated with standard strains PAO1 and PA14.

Open Access Cocktail Secondary Growth Model for the Food Industry.

A cost-effective algorithm is presented, using a virtual dataset of growth rates from a cocktail of strains, for developing an open access, extended-range secondary growth model. Extended-range growth models can span the range of processing conditions typically used in food manufacturing and are therefore more relevant for industry. The open access extended-range secondary growth model for a cocktail of strains was created using publicly available data, and the methodology can be adapted for modelling growth of other pathogens.

Efficient Ground-State Recovery of UV-Photoexcited -Nitrophenol in Aqueous Solution by Direct and Multistep Pathways.

Nitroaromatic compounds are found in brown carbon aerosols emitted to the Earth's atmosphere by biomass burning, and are important organic chromophores for the absorption of solar radiation. Here, transient absorption spectroscopy spanning 100 fs-8 μs is used to explore the pH-dependent photochemical pathways for aqueous solutions of -nitrophenol, chosen as a representative nitroaromatic compound. Broadband ultrafast UV-visible and infrared probes are used to characterize the excited states and intermediate species involved in the multistep photochemistry, and to determine their lifetimes under different pH conditions.

Unleashing innovation: 3D-printed biomaterials in bone tissue engineering for repairing femur and tibial defects in animal models - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: 3D-printed scaffolds have emerged as an alternative for addressing the current limitations encountered in bone reconstruction. This study aimed to systematically review the feasibility of using 3D bio-printed scaffolds as a material for bone grafting in animal models, focusing on femoral and tibial defects. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and overall impact of these scaffolds on bone regeneration.

Thanatin: A Promising Antimicrobial Peptide Targeting the Achilles' Heel of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Antimicrobial resistance poses an escalating threat to human health, necessitating the development of novel antimicrobial agents capable of addressing challenges posed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Thanatin, a 21-amino acid β-hairpin insect antimicrobial peptide featuring a single disulfide bond, exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, particularly effective against multidrug-resistant strains. The outer membrane biosynthesis system is recognized as a critical vulnerability in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which thanatin targets to exert its antimicrobial effects.

Mining and multifaceted applications of phage lysin for combatting Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a prevalent foodborne pathogen found in both water and seafood, poses substantial risks to public health. The conventional countermeasure, antibiotics, has exacerbated the issue of antibiotic resistance, increasing the difficulty of controlling this bacterium. Phage lysins, as naturally occurring active proteins, offer a safe and reliable strategy to mitigate the impact of V.

A rare biofilm dispersion strategy demonstrated by Staphylococcus aureus under oxacillin stress.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a versatile Gram-positive bacterium, is implicated in a spectrum of infections, and its resilience is often attributed to biofilm formation. This study investigates the effect of sub-inhibitory doses of oxacillin on biofilm formation by methicillin-resistant S.

Enhancing the stretchability of two-dimensional materials through kirigami: a molecular dynamics study on tungsten disulfide.

In recent years, the 'kirigami' technique has gained significant attention for creating meta-structures and meta-materials with exceptional characteristics, such as unprecedented stretchability. These properties, not typically inherent in the original materials or structures, present new opportunities for applications in stretchable and wearable electronics. However, despite its scientific and practical significance, the application of kirigami patterning on a monolayer of tungsten disulfide (WS), an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material with exceptional mechanical, electronic, and optical properties, has remained unexplored.

Femtosecond to Microsecond Observation of Photochemical Pathways in Nitroaromatic Phototriggers Using Transient Absorption Spectroscopy.

The synthetic accessibility and tolerance to structural modification of phototriggered compounds (PTs) based on the - nitrobenzene (ONB) protecting group have encouraged a myriad of applications including optimization of biological activity, and supramolecular polymerization. Here, a combination of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy techniques is used to study the multistep photochemistry of two nitroaromatic phototriggers based on the ONB chromophore, -(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrobenzyl)-l-serine (DMNB-Ser) and [(2-nitrophenyl)methyl]-l-tyrosine hydrochloride (NB-Tyr), in DMSO solutions on femtosecond to microsecond time scales following the absorption of UV light. From a common -S excited state, the PTs can either undergo excited state intramolecular hydrogen transfer (ESIHT) to an -S isomer within the singlet state manifold, leading to direct S → S internal conversion through a conical intersection, or competitive intersystem crossing (ISC) to access the triplet state manifold on time scales of (1.

Development of CRID3-Based Anti-inflammatory Agents to Ameliorate Chronic Hypoxia-Induced Memory Impairment in Zebrafish Models.

Chronic hypoxic exposure triggers the onset and progression of cognitive dysfunction; however, the mechanisms underlying chronic hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation and its contribution to cognitive dysfunction remain poorly understood. Although inflammation and hypoxia are interdependent, numerous recent studies have linked the development of various human diseases to hypoxia-induced inflammation. In this study, we focused on the NLRP3 inflammasome with novel analogues of cytokine release inhibitory drug 3 (CRID3), a class of small molecule inhibitors for the NLRP3 inflammasome, to investigate their potential contribution to alleviating chronic hypoxia-induced neuroinflammation using the zebrafish model.

Orchestrating Nuclear Dynamics in a Permanganate Doped Crystal with Chirped Pump-Probe Spectroscopy.

Pump-probe spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate light-induced dynamical processes in molecules and solids. Targeting vibrational excitations occurring on the time scales of nuclear motions is challenging, as pulse durations shorter than a vibrational period are needed to initiate the dynamics, and complex experimental schemes are required to isolate weak signatures arising from wavepacket motion in different electronic states. Here, we demonstrate how introducing a temporal delay between the spectral components of femtosecond beams, namely a chirp resulting in the increase of their duration, can counterintuitively boost the desired signals by 2 orders of magnitude.

Microplastics in the soil-water-food nexus: Inclusive insight into global research findings.

Nuisance imposed by biotic and abiotic stressors on diverse agroecosystems remains an area of focus for the scientific fraternity. However, emerging contaminants such as microplastics (MP) have imposed additional dimension (alone or in combinations with other stressors) in agroecosystems and keep escalating the challenges to achieve sustainability. MP are recognized as persistent anthropogenic contaminants, fetch global attention due to their unique chemical features that keeps themselves unresponsive to the decaying process.

Characterization of polyploidy in cancer: Current status and future perspectives.

Various cancers frequently exhibit polyploidy, observed in a condition where a cell possesses more than two sets of chromosomes, which is considered a hallmark of the disease. The state of polyploidy often leads to aneuploidy, where cells possess an abnormal number or structure of chromosomes. Recent studies suggest that oncogenes contribute to aneuploidy.

Polyploidy and mTOR signaling: a possible molecular link.

Polyploidy is typically described as the condition wherein a cell or organism has more than two complete sets of chromosomes. Occurrence of polyploidy is a naturally occurring phenomenon in the body's development and differentiation processes under normal physiological conditions. However, in pathological conditions, the occurrence of polyploidy is documented in numerous disorders, including cancer, aging and diabetes.

The use of NADH anisotropy to investigate mitochondrial cristae alignment.

Life may be expressed as the flow of electrons, protons, and other ions, resulting in large potential difference. It is also highly photo-sensitive, as a large proportion of the redox capable molecules it relies on are chromophoric. It is thus suggestive that a key organelle in eukaryotes, the mitochondrion, constantly adapt their morphology as part of the homeostatic process.

Retinal photoisomerization versus counterion protonation in light and dark-adapted bacteriorhodopsin and its primary photoproduct.

Discovered over 50 years ago, bacteriorhodopsin is the first recognized and most widely studied microbial retinal protein. Serving as a light-activated proton pump, it represents the archetypal ion-pumping system. Here we compare the photochemical dynamics of bacteriorhodopsin light and dark-adapted forms with that of the first metastable photocycle intermediate known as "K".

Gum acacia dietary fiber: Significance in immunomodulation, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.

Gum arabic/acacia (GA), derived from Acacia trees, is a versatile natural product offering a broad spectrum of applications. Its rich content of soluble dietary fibers, coupled with a low caloric profile, renders GA a valuable dietary component associated with numerous health benefits. Furthermore, its fermentation by gut microbiota yields short-chain fatty acids, renowned for their positive impact on health.

The nexus of long noncoding RNAs, splicing factors, alternative splicing and their modulations.

The process of alternative splicing (AS) is widely deregulated in a variety of cancers. Splicing is dependent upon splicing factors. Recently, several long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to regulate AS by directly/indirectly interacting with splicing factors.

Exploring the Targets of Dengue Virus and Designs of Potential Inhibitors.

Background: Dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease spread by the dengue virus (DENV), has become one of the most alarming health issues in the global scenario in recent days. The risk of infection by DENV is mostly high in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The mortality rate of patients affected with DENV is ever-increasing, mainly due to a lack of anti-dengue viral-specific synthetic drug components.

Modeling naturally-occurring Vibrio parahaemolyticus in post-harvest raw shrimps.

There is little known about the growth and survival of naturally-occurring Vibrio parahaemolyticus in harvested raw shrimps. In this study, the fate of naturally-occurring V. parahaemolyticus in post-harvest raw shrimps was investigated from 4℃ to 30℃ using real-time PCR combined with propidium monoazide (PMA-qPCR).

Pan-cancer integrated bioinformatic analysis of RNA polymerase subunits reveal RNA Pol I member CD3EAP regulates cell growth by modulating autophagy.

Transcription is a crucial stage in gene expression. An integrated study of 34 RNA polymerase subunits (RNAPS) in the six most frequent cancer types identified several genetic and epigenetic modification. We discovered nine mutant RNAPS with a mutation frequency of more than 1% in at least one tumor type.