Relationship between lean practices, soft total quality management and innovation skills in Lebanese hospitals.

Background: Lean practices are critical to eliminate waste and enhance the quality of healthcare services through different improvement approaches of total quality management (TQM). In particular, the soft side of TQM is used to develop the innovation skills of employees that are essential for the continuous improvement strategies of hospitals.

Aim: The main objective was to study the relationship between lean practices, soft TQM and innovation skills in Lebanese hospitals.