The Immunological Profile of Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells after Cell Expansion and Inflammatory Priming.

Background: AT-MSCs display great immunoregulatory features, making them potential candidates for cell-based therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the "RBC lysis buffer" isolation protocol and immunological profiling of the so-obtained AT-MSCs.

Methods: We established an immune-comparative screening of AT-MSCs throughout in vitro cell expansion (PM, P1, P2, P3, P4) and inflammatory priming regarding the expression of 28 cell-surface markers, 6 cytokines/chemokines, and 10 TLR patterns.

Immune regulation and therapeutic application of T regulatory cells in liver diseases.

CD4 CD25 FOXP3 T regulatory cells (Tregs) are a subset of the immunomodulatory cell population that can inhibit both innate and adaptive immunity by various regulatory mechanisms. In hepatic microenvironment, proliferation, plasticity, migration, and function of Tregs are interrelated to the remaining immune cells and their secreted cytokines and chemokines. In normal conditions, Tregs protect the liver from inflammatory and auto-immune responses, while disruption of this crosstalk between Tregs and other immune cells may result in the progression of chronic liver diseases and the development of hepatic malignancy.

The immunogenic profile and immunomodulatory function of mesenchymal stromal / stem cells in the presence of Ptychotis verticillata.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be a promising immunotherapeutic tool due to their easy accessibility, culture expansion possibilities, safety profile, and immunomodulatory properties. Although several studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of MSCs, their efficacy needs to be improved while also preserving their safety. It has been suggested that cell homeostasis may be particularly sensitive to plant extracts.

Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Their Interplay with Th-17 Cell Response Pathway.

As a form of immunomodulatory therapeutics, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from umbilical cord (UC) tissue were assessed for their dynamic interplay with the Th-17 immune response pathway. UC-MSCs were able to modulate lymphocyte response by promoting a Th-17-like profile. Such modulation depended on the cell ratio of the cocultures as well as the presence of an inflammatory setting underlying their plasticity.

Epigenetic regulation of 15-lipoxygenase-1 expression in human chondrocytes by promoter methylation.

Objective And Design: 15-Lipoxygenase-1 (15-LOX-1) catalyzes the biosynthesis of many anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory lipid mediators and was reported to have protective properties in several inflammatory conditions, including osteoarthritis (OA). This study was designed to evaluate the expression of 15-LOX-1 in cartilage from normal donors and patients with OA, and to determine whether it is regulated by DNA methylation.

Methods: Cartilage samples were obtained at autopsy from normal knee joints and from OA-affected joints at the time of total knee joint replacement surgery.

The Medicinal Potential of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immuno- and Cancer Therapy.

Cancer is a highly lethal disease that causes millions of deaths worldwide, thus representing a major public health challenge [...

Human CD4CD25CD127FOXP3 regulatory T lymphocytes and CD4CD25FOXP3 conventional T lymphocytes: a differential transcriptome profile.

CD4CD25 FOXP3 regulatory T cells (Tregs) represent a subpopulation of CD4 T cells central for the suppression of physiological and pathological immune reactions. Although distinct cell surface antigens are expressed in regulatory T cells, those components are also present on the surface of activated CD4CD25 FOXP3T cells, thus making the discrimination between Tregs and conventional CD4 T difficult and isolation of Tregs complex. Yet, the molecular components driving Tregs' function are still not fully characterized.

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells as a Therapeutic Tool in Cell-Based Therapy and Regenerative Medicine: An Introduction Expertise to the Topical Collection.

We are pleased to present this opening editorial, introducing our topical collection, "The New Era of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cell Functional Application: State of the Art, Therapeutic Challenges and Future Directions" [...

Fundamental and Applied Advances in Stem Cell Therapeutic Research.

We are pleased to present this Special Issue of , entitled 'Feature Papers in Stem Cells' [...

Bioscreening and pre-clinical evaluation of the impact of bioactive molecules from Ptychotis verticillata on the multilineage potential of mesenchymal stromal cells towards immune- and inflammation-mediated diseases.

Objective And Design: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are currently used in cell reparative medicine due to their trophic and ant-inflammatory properties. The modulation of stem cell properties by phytochemicals has been suggested as a tool to empower their tissue repair capacity. In vitro, MSCs are characterized by their tri-lineage potential that holds great interest for tissue regeneration.

Therapeutic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Value, Challenges and Optimization.

Cellular therapy aims to replace damaged resident cells by restoring cellular and molecular environments suitable for tissue repair and regeneration. Among several candidates, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a critical component of stromal niches known to be involved in tissue homeostasis. , MSCs appear as fibroblast-like plastic adherent cells regardless of the tissue source.

In Vitro Cellular and Molecular Interplay between Human Foreskin-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and the Th17 Cell Pathway.

Foreskin, considered a biological waste material, has been shown to be a reservoir of therapeutic cells. The immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) from the foreskin (FSK-MSCs) are being evaluated in cell-based therapy for degenerative, inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Within the injured/inflamed tissue, proinflammatory lymphocytes such as IL-17-producing T helper cells (Th17) may interact with the stromal microenvironment, including MSCs.

The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Regenerative Medicine: Current Knowledge and Future Understandings.

In recent decades, research on the therapeutic potential of progenitor cells has advanced considerably. Among progenitor cells, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have attracted significant interest and have proven to be a promising tool for regenerative medicine. MSCs are isolated from various anatomical sites, including bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord.

Transcriptional Profile of Cytokines, Regulatory Mediators and TLR in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells after Inflammatory Signaling and Cell-Passaging.

Adult human subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) harbors a rich population of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) that are of interest for tissue repair. For this purpose, it is of utmost importance to determine the response of AT-MSCs to proliferative and inflammatory signals within the damaged tissue. We have characterized the transcriptional profile of cytokines, regulatory mediators and Toll-like receptors (TLR) relevant to the response of MSCs.

Apoptotic and Non-Apoptotic Modalities of Thymoquinone-Induced Lymphoma Cell Death: Highlight of the Role of Cytosolic Calcium and Necroptosis.

Targeting non-apoptotic modalities might be therapeutically promising in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with compromised apoptotic pathways. Thymoquinone (TQ) has been reported to promote apoptosis in cancer cells, but little is known about its effect on non-apoptotic pathways. This work investigates TQ selectivity against DLBCL cell lines and the cell death mechanisms.

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell Therapeutic Features: The Bridge between the Bench and the Clinic.

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are considered a relevant therapeutic product for various clinical applications [...

New Anti-Leukemic Effect of Carvacrol and Thymol Combination through Synergistic Induction of Different Cell Death Pathways.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the myeloid lineage of blood cells, and treatment for AML is lengthy and can be very expensive. Medicinal plants and their bioactive molecules are potential candidates for improving human health. In this work, we studied the effect of (PV) essential oil and its derivatives, carvacrol and thymol, in AML cell lines.

Immuno-comparative screening of adult-derived human liver stem/progenitor cells for immune-inflammatory-associated molecules.

Objective: One of the main challenges in liver cell therapy is the replacement of damaged cells and the induction of a tolerogenic microenvironment to promote graft acceptance by the recipient. Adult-derived human liver stem/progenitor cells (ADHLSCs) are currently evaluated at the clinical levels as a promising pro-regenerative and immune-modulatory tool. The expression profile of several immunological molecules may influence the local immune-inflammatory response and, therefore, modulate the tissue healing process.

Identification of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Bone Marrow Circulating MicroRNAs.

Background: In addition to their roles in different biological processes, microRNAs in the tumor microenvironment appear to be potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for various malignant diseases, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date, no screening of circulating miRNAs has been carried out in the bone marrow compartment of AML. Accordingly, we investigated the circulating miRNA profile in AML bone marrow at diagnosis (AMLD) and first complete remission post treatment (AMLPT) in comparison to healthy donors (HD).

Impact of Bone Marrow miR-21 Expression on Acute Myeloid Leukemia T Lymphocyte Fragility and Dysfunction.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy in which antitumor immunity is impaired. The therapeutic management of AML requires understanding the mechanisms involved in the fragility and immune dysfunction of AML T lymphocytes.

Methods: In this study, T lymphocytes from healthy donors (HD) and AML patients were used.

Inflammation Differentially Modulates the Biological Features of Adult Derived Human Liver Stem/Progenitor Cells.

Unlabelled: The progression of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy from concept to cure closely depends on the optimization of conditions that allow a better survival and favor the cells to achieve efficient liver regeneration. We have previously demonstrated that adult-derived human liver stem/progenitor cells (ADHLSC) display significant features that support their clinical development. The current work aims at studying the impact of a sustained pro-inflammatory environment on the principal biological features of ADHLSC in vitro.

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Immunity and Disease: A Better Understanding for an Improved Use.

In this Special Issue, directed and supervised by Dr. Mehdi Najar, a collection of basic research articles and reviews, on the state of the art of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) immune biology, is presented. Among the major goals of this Special Issue is the presentation of an update about the immunomodulatory properties of MSCs and their capacity to respond to tissue microenvironment changes.

Inflammation Alters the Secretome and Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Skin-Derived Precursor Cells.

Human skin-derived precursors (SKP) represent a group of somatic stem/precursor cells that reside in dermal skin throughout life that harbor clinical potential. SKP have a high self-renewal capacity, the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types and low immunogenicity, rendering them key candidates for allogeneic cell-based, off-the-shelf therapy. However, potential clinical application of allogeneic SKP requires that these cells retain their therapeutic properties under all circumstances and, in particular, in the presence of an inflammation state.

The Impact of Cell-Expansion and Inflammation on The Immune-Biology of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.

: As a cell-based therapeutic, AT-MSCs need to create an immuno-reparativeenvironment appropriate for tissue repair. In the presence of injury, MSCs may have to proliferate and face inflammation. Clinical application requires repeated administrations of a high number of cellswith a well-established immune profile.