Redetermination of the crystal structure of yttrium chromium tetra-boride, YCrB, from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data.

The structural parameters of yttrium chromium tetra-boride YCrB were refined based on single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. YCrB is ortho-rhom-bic, having a space group of type (No. 55) and with lattice parameters of = 5.

Intertidal insects associated with halophytic (Amaranthaceae) in Japan: a case study in Saga, northern Kyushu.

In contrast to a great diversity in insects in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems, few known species have adapted to inhabit marine environments. In this study, we surveyed insects associated with halophytic plants of (Amaranthaceae) distributed in intertidal zones, in northern Kyushu, Japan. On four Japanese native species of , we found insects belonging to five orders and 18 species.

Biogeography and Ecological Differentiation of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Distributed in Taiwan and Japan, with Description of a New Species sp. nov. and the Southernmost Record of .

species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are known to induce fruit galls on (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.

Single-crystal structure refinements and Debye temperatures of IrS kashinite and RhS bowieite.

Single crystals of IrS (diiridium trisulfide) and RhS (dirhodium trisulfide) were grown in evacuated silica-glass tubes using a chemical transport method and their crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. These compounds have a unique sesquisulfide structure in which pairs of face-sharing octahedra are linked into a three-dimensional structure by further edge- and vertex-sharing. IrS and RhS had similar unit-cell parameters and bond distances.

Crystal structure, XANES and charge distribution investigation of krennerite and sylvanite: analysis of Au-Te and Te-Te bonds in AuAgTe group minerals.

The structure refinement and XANES study of two gold-silver-tellurides [AuAgTe, krennerite (x = 0.11-0.13) and sylvanite (x = 0.

Terrestrial arthropods broadly possess endogenous phytohormones auxin and cytokinins.

Some herbivorous insects possess the ability to synthesize phytohormones and are considered to use them for manipulating their host plants, but how these insects acquired the ability remains unclear. We investigated endogenous levels of auxin (IAA) and cytokinins (iP and tZ), including their ribosides (iPR and tZR), in various terrestrial arthropod taxa. Surprisingly, IAA was detected in all arthropods analysed.

Transgenerational changes in pod maturation phenology and seed traits of Glycine soja infested by the bean bug Riptortus pedestris.

Land plants have diverse defenses against herbivores. In some cases, plant response to insect herbivory may be chronological and even transgenerational. Feeding by various stink bugs, such as the bean bug Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae), induce physiological changes in soybean, called as green stem syndrome, which are characterized by delayed senescence in stems, leaves, and pods.

Redetermination of the crystal structures of rare-earth trirhodium diboride RhB ( = Pr, Nd and Sm) from single-crystal X-ray data.

The crystal structures of the rare-earth () trirhodium diborides praseo-dymium trirhodium diboride, PrRhB, neodymium trirhodium diboride, NdRhB, and samarium trirhodium diboride, SmRhB, were refined on the basis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The crystal chemistry of RhB (: Pr, Nd, and Sm) compounds has previously been analyzed mainly on the basis of powder samples [Ku (1980 ▸). .

Comprehensive analyses of agrochemicals affecting aquatic ecosystems: A case study of Odonata communities and macrophytes in Saga Plain, northern Kyushu, Japan.

The negative influence of agrochemicals (pesticides: insecticide, fungicide, and herbicide) on biodiversity is a major ecological concern. In recent decades, many insect species are reported to have rapidly declined worldwide, and pesticides, including neonicotinoids and fipronil, are suspected to be partially responsible. In Japan, application of systemic insecticides to nursery boxes in rice paddies is considered to have caused rapid declines in Sympetrum (Odonata: Libellulidae) and other dragonfly and damselfly populations since the 1990s.

Life history of the endangered Japanese striped loach, Cobitis kaibarai (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae), with special reference to its reproductive ecology and the influence of creek reshapings on its population density.

In recent years, the biodiversity of freshwater fishes has been markedly decreasing worldwide because of anthropogenic activities. The Japanese striped loach, Cobitis kaibarai (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae), is a primary freshwater fish endemic to northern Kyushu, Japan. This species is designated as endangered IB class in the Red List by the Japan Ministry of the Environment.

A new species of (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with DC. var. Sarg. (Magnoliaceae) in Japan.

Background: A gall midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing leaf bud galls on Magnolia kobus DC. var. borealis Sarg.

Geographic Variation in Photoperiodic Response for Induction of Pseudopupal Diapause in Epicauta gorhami (Coleoptera: Meloidae).

Geographical variations in the threshold of environmental cues for diapause induction are important in understanding the life history strategy of insects. Larvae of the bean blister beetle, Epicauta gorhami (Coleoptera: Meloidae), feed on grasshopper eggs and undergo hypermetamorphosis. They normally enter diapause as a pseudopupa (fifth instar).

Molecular Phylogeny Revealing the Single Origin of -associated (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Asia, with Descriptions of Three New and One Newly Recorded Species from Taiwan.

Cecidomyiid genus contains four Lauraceae-associated species in Asia and 13 species associated with various plant families in Latin American. In this article, three new species, sp. nov.

Oviposition by a lycaenid butterfly onto old host parts is adaptive to avoid interference by conspecific larvae.

Oviposition site selection by herbivores can depend not only on the quality of host resources, but also on the risk of predation, parasitism and interference. Females of the lycaenid butterfly Arhopala bazalus (Lepidoptera) lay eggs primarily on old host foliage away from fresh growth, where larval offspring live and feed. Resource availability of young host leaves seems not to affect the oviposition site preference by the females.

Crystal structure refinements of stoichiometric NiSe and NiSe.

Single crystals of NiSe (trinickel diselenide) and NiSe (nickel selenide) with stoichiometric chemical compositions were grown in evacuated silica-glass tubes. The chemical compositions of the single crystals of NiSe and NiSe were determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The crystal structures of NiSe [rhombohedral, space group R32, a = 6.

Three new species of Ametrodiplosis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Japan, with a key to the Japanese species and a molecular phylogenetic analysis.

Ametrodiplosis Rübsaamen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Clinodiplosini) is a mostly Holarctic gall midge genus whose species are associated with a wide range of seed plant families, either as gall-inducers or inquilines. In this study, we describe three species of Ametrodiplosis from Japan: A. adetos n.

Silence of the killers: discovery of male-killing suppression in a rearing strain of the small brown planthopper, .

According to evolutionary theory, sex ratio distortions caused by reproductive parasites such as and are predicted to be rapidly normalized by the emergence of host nuclear suppressors. However, such processes in the evolutionary arms race are difficult to observe because sex ratio biases will be promptly hidden and become superficially unrecognizable. The evolution of genetic suppressors has been reported in just two insect species so far.

Orange Leafhopper Feeding Induces Gall Formation Nitrogen Dependently and Regulates Gibberellin Signaling.

Orange leafhopper feeding induces wallaby ear symptoms, namely growth suppression and gall formation characterized by severe swelling of leaf veins, on various Poaceae, thereby leading to low crop yields. Here, we investigated the development of wallaby ear symptoms on rice seedlings due to feeding. After confirming that feeding induces growth suppression and gall formation on rice seedlings, we further demonstrated that gall formation score decreased with decreasing levels of nitrogen in the medium and that feeding induces the expression levels of nitrogen transporter genes.

Revision of the birch-associated genus (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae), with description of a new species from Japan and a taxonomic key to worldwide species.

(Betulaceae), or birch, is a Holarctic genus of trees and shrubs whose species have ornamental, industrial, and medical importance. Gall midges of the genus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiidi) are exclusively associated with birches in the Palearctic region. In 2018, an undescribed species was discovered forming leaf galls on the midveins of on Mount Tara, Saga Prefecture, Kyushu, Japan.

Dispersal of the Common Cutworm, , Monitored by Searchlight Trap and Relationship with Occurrence of Soybean Leaf Damage.

The common cutworm, Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of soybean. Pheromone traps are used to monitor male adults, but the catch peaks do not always predict leaf damage in soybean fields. Thus, there is no accurate means of forecasting soybean damage, and insecticide is applied on the basis of farmers' observations of actual damage in fields.

Synthesis of Pd-Ru solid-solution nanoparticles by pulsed plasma in liquid method.

We have synthesized solid-solution nanoparticles (Pd : Ru = 1 : 3, 1 : 1 and 3 : 1) in an immiscible Pd-Ru system by the pulsed plasma in liquid method using Pd-Ru mixture bulk electrodes. The particle sizes of the floated and sedimented samples were measured to be <10 and <20 nm, respectively, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). The lattice parameters of nanoparticles followed the Vegard's law, and the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) results almost coincided with those obtained for the starting bulk mixtures.

Two new species of Schizomyia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) from Japan, with an updated key to larval, pupal and adult Schizomyia in Japan.

Two new species of Schizomyia Kieffer (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini: Schizomyiina) are reported from Japan. Schizomyia broussonetiae Elsayed Tokuda n. sp.

, a new gall midge species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) inducing flower bud galls on (Araliaceae) in Japan.

Background: The genus (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Asphondyliini: Asphondyliina) comprises ten Palearctic, Oriental and Australian species associated with various hosts belonging to at least ten plant families.

New Information: A new species, Elsayed & Tokuda n. sp.

Influences of two coexisting endosymbionts, CI-inducing and male-killing , on the performance of their host (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

The small brown planthopper (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is reported to have the endosymbiont , which shows a strong cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) between infected males and uninfected females. In the 2000s, female-biased populations were found in Taiwan, and this sex ratio distortion was the result of male-killing induced by the infection of another endosymbiont, . infection is considered to negatively affect both and because the male-killing halves the offspring of and hinders the spread of infection via CI.