3D Analysis of Metatarsal Torsion by Computed Tomography in Normal, Hallux Valgus, and Hallux Rigidus Feet.

Background: One factor contributing to rotational deformity of the first metatarsal in hallux valgus is torsion of the metatarsal itself. Hallux rigidus also involves reduction of the longitudinal arch, but metatarsal torsion has not been discussed. We hypothesized that metatarsal torsion may be a morphologic change unique to hallux valgus.

First ray mobility in hallux rigidus, hallux valgus, and normal feet based on weightbearing computed tomography and three-dimensional analysis: A case-control study.

Background: Hallux valgus and hallux rigidus are disorders affecting the first ray and are associated with hypermobility of this structure. This study aimed to investigate the three-dimensional mobility of each joint of the first ray between feet with hallux valgus or hallux rigidus and healthy feet using weightbearing and nonweightbearing computed tomography (CT).

Methods: This case-control study analyzed 17 feet of 11 healthy volunteers (control group), 16 feet of 16 patients with hallux valgus (HV group), and 16 feet of 11 patients with hallux rigidus (HR group).

Ganglion Cysts in the Hallux: A Report of Two Cases.

We experienced two cases of intractable hallux ganglion. Case 1 was a 70-year-old woman with a recurrent ganglion and severe pain on the plantar aspect of the hallux. The continuity between the mass and the distal flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon sheath was confirmed.

Three Cases of Gouty Tophus in the Foot Treated by Resection.

We encountered three cases of gouty tophus in the foot that required resection. All patients were male and aged 44-68 years at the time of surgery. The lesions were located on the great toe, second toe, and lateral malleolus and were causing ulceration and destruction of the joints.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of the Windlass Mechanism Using Weightbearing Computed Tomography in Healthy Volunteers.

Background: The windlass mechanism (WM) increases the longitudinal arch of the foot via tension of the plantar aponeurosis during dorsiflexion of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. The purpose of this study was to perform a 3-dimensional evaluation of the displacement of each joint and the height of the navicular during dorsiflexion of the first MTP joint by using weightbearing computed tomography (CT).

Methods: Participants were 6 men and 8 women with 23 healthy feet.

Lateralizing Calcaneal Osteotomy and First Metatarsal Dorsiflexion Osteotomy for Cavovarus Foot and Peroneal Sheath Release with Peroneus Brevis Repair for Peroneal Tendinopathy in Chronic Ankle Instability and Sprain.

A 47-year-old male presented with an eight-year history of pain in the posterior inferior part of the lateral malleolus, ankle instability, and repeated right-sided ankle sprains. He had pes cavus and hind-foot varus in his right foot, which is an unknown congenital entity or acquired with tenderness in the inferior peroneal retinaculum. There is no deformity in his left foot.

Simultaneous Glomus Tumors of the Third and Fourth Toes: A Case Report.

Case: A glomus tumor of the toes is rare, and as far as we know, there has been no report of simultaneous occurrence in 2 toes. A 45-year-old woman presented with forefoot pain. Based on imaging findings, glomus tumors of the third and fourth toes were suspected.

Comparison of outcomes of different osteotomy sites for hallux valgus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a common foot deformity for which several corrective surgical procedures, with different osteotomy sites, have been reported. The purpose of the present study was to systematically review randomized (RCTs) or controlled (CCTs) clinical trials and perform meta-analysis on outcomes of different osteotomy sites of the first metatarsal.

Methods: An extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and the Cochrane Library from January 1983 to July 2020.

Gouty Tophus in the Foot without Hyperuricemia Diagnosed by Dual-energy Computed Tomography: A Case Report.

Introduction: Gouty tophi are relatively simple to diagnose because they almost always occur in patients with persistent hyperuricemia. Treatment typically consists mainly of oral medication, and surgical intervention is necessary for only a small number of patients.

Case Presentation: We present a case of 66-year-old Japanese man presented with a painful gouty tophus diagnosed by dual-energy computed tomography in the right foot without hyperuricemia that had gradually increased in size over the past 20 years.

Refractory peroneal spastic flat foot successfully treated with a cast in a girl.

An 11-year-old girl presented with pain in the sinus tarsi and a foot deformity after spraining her left foot. She had flat foot due to spasticity of the peroneal tendon, which was difficult to correct manually. An imaging study revealed an accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) and bone marrow oedema at the lateral aspect of the posterior talocalcaneal joint.

Dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint concomitant with Lisfranc joint dislocation in a 45-year-old man.

A 45-year-old man presented with severe pinch-point crush injury to his left foot. Plain radiographs revealed dislocation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and dorsolateral dislocation of the basal phalanx and sesamoids. The first tarsometatarsal joint was subluxed in the plantar direction and the second to fourth tarsometatarsal joints were subluxed dorsally.

Weightbearing Computed Tomography and 3-Dimensional Analysis of Mobility Changes of the First Ray After Proximal Oblique Osteotomy for Hallux Valgus.

Background: Hypermobility of the first ray has been evaluated using various methods and has conventionally been considered to be involved in the pathology of hallux valgus. We hypothesized that hypermobility of the first ray in hallux valgus could be decreased by simply correcting foot alignment without arthrodesis. This study sought to evaluate first-ray mobility using weightbearing computed tomography (CT) before and after proximal oblique osteotomy and also in healthy volunteer's feet.

New Method for the Quantitative Assessment of Sensory Disturbances in Cervical Myelopathy: Application for Neurological Level Diagnosis.

Introduction: Cervical myelopathy frequently manifests as sensory disturbances, including numbness, and their distribution pattern aids in neurological level diagnosis. However, the objective assessment of sensory disturbances is challenging. In this study, we attempted to quantitatively evaluate sensory symptoms in patients with cervical myelopathy according to lesion level using PainVision.

Efficacy of Laminoplasty in Improving Sensory Disturbances in Patients with Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: A Prospective Study.

Objective: Upper extremity sensory disturbances are primary symptoms that affect the quality of life (QOL) of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Although laminoplasty is 1 of the surgical options, its effects on sensory disturbances have remained unclear. We aimed to determine whether surgical intervention would improve the sensory disturbances of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

A Type III Monteggia Injury with Ipsilateral Fracture of the Distal Radius and Ulna in a Child: Case Report Followed for 21 Years.

Bado type III Monteggia injuries complicated by ipsilateral forearm fractures are extremely rare. We report a case of a 6-year-old boy who sustained such an injury after falling from the top of a 3 m climbing pole. He was diagnosed with a Bado type III Monteggia fracture and forearm fractures.

Proximal oblique metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus using a plantar locking plate.

Background: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of hallux valgus surgery using a plantar locking plate.

Methods: Proximal oblique metatarsal osteotomy combined with distal soft tissue treatment was performed in 59 adult patients (68 feet) with hallux valgus, using an anatomically pre-contoured plantar locking plate for fixation of the osteotomy. The median age was 64.

Comparison of Intercuneiform 1-2 Joint Mobility Between Hallux Valgus and Normal Feet Using Weightbearing Computed Tomography and 3-Dimensional Analysis.

Background: An association has been reported between hallux valgus and hypermobility of the first ray, but subluxation of the intercuneiform 1-2 joint was also suspected in some cases. However, dynamics of the intercuneiform 1-2 joint has seldom been investigated. This study used weightbearing computed tomography (CT) and a 3-dimensional (3D) analysis system to evaluate displacement of the intercuneiform 1-2 joint, intercuneiform 2-3 joint, and second cuneonavicular joint due to weightbearing in hallux valgus and normal feet.

Enhancement of tetragonal anisotropy and stabilisation of the tetragonal phase by Bi/Mn-double-doping in BaTiO ferroelectric ceramics.

To stabilise ferroelectric-tetragonal phase of BaTiO, the double-doping of Bi and Mn up to 0.5 mol% was studied. Upon increasing the Bi content in BaTiO:Mn:Bi, the tetragonal crystal-lattice-constants a and c shrank and elongated, respectively, resulting in an enhancement of tetragonal anisotropy, and the temperature-range of the ferroelectric tetragonal phase expanded.

Evaluation of First-Ray Mobility in Patients with Hallux Valgus Using Weight-Bearing CT and a 3-D Analysis System: A Comparison with Normal Feet.

Background: Some physicians report that patients with hallux valgus have hypermobility at the tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint of the first ray and 3-dimensional (3-D) deformity. With use of non-weight-bearing and weight-bearing computed tomography (CT), we evaluated the 3-D mobility of each joint of the first ray in feet with hallux valgus compared with normal feet.

Methods: Ten feet of 10 patients with hallux valgus and 10 feet of 10 healthy volunteers with no foot disorders were examined.

Applying low-intensity pulsed ultrasounds (LIPUS) to a zoledronate-associated atypical femoral shaft fracture without cessation of zoledronate therapy for 3 years follow up: a case report.

Reports are increasing regarding atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) caused by minor trauma in patients using bisphosphonates (BPs) for long periods. Patients with malignant skeletal metastases potentially are at greater risk for these AFFs, especially considering the high dose and the duration of treatment with BPs. We evaluated a case of atypical femoral shaft fracture treated with an intramedullary nail in a patient treated for five years with zoledronate who had breast cancer with metastases to bone.

Quantitative and Qualitative Change of Collagen of Achilles Tendons in Rats With Systemic Administration of Glucocorticoids.

Background: It is unclear whether glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is directly related to Achilles tendon rupture (ATR), because many of the reported patients were receiving long-term GC therapy for underlying diseases. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which systemic GC administration causes weakening of the Achilles tendon by biochemically, mechanically, and morphologically evaluating quantitative and qualitative changes in collagen.

Methods: Male 8-week-old mice were subcutaneously treated with either prednisolone (10 mg/mL/kg; GC group) or saline (1 mL/kg; control group) for 8 weeks and then subjected to the following experiments: (1) a tensile strength test; (2) quantification of the gene expressions of type 1 collagen and lysyl oxidase; (3) quantification of collagen content, enzymatic crosslinks (immature + mature), and senescent crosslinks; and (4) measurement of collagen fiber diameter by electron microscopy.