Novel iontophoretic administration method for local therapy of breast cancer.

Ductal drug therapy is a novel therapeutic approach for primary breast cancers, particularly those involving ductal carcinoma in situ lesions. Total or partial mastectomy with or without radiotherapy is the standard local therapy for primary breast cancer. Here, we propose a novel drug administration method for ductal drug therapy based on a drug delivery system (DDS) for primary breast cancer.

Influence of particle design on oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drug in a silica particle-supercritical fluid system.

The physicochemical characteristics and oral absorption of a poorly water-soluble drug, K-832, adsorbed onto porous silica (Sylysia 350), were compared with those of K-832 adsorbed onto non-porous silica (Aerosil 200). K-832 and silica were treated with supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)) to produce K-832-Sylysia 350 and K-832-Aerosil 200 formulations. Scanning electron microscopy, polarizing microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry results suggested that K-832 mainly existed in an amorphous state in both formulations.

Stability of amorphous drug, 2-benzyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2H-pyridazin-3-one, in silica mesopores and measurement of its molecular mobility by solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy.

This study evaluated the physical stability and molecular mobility of a poorly water-soluble amorphous drug, 2-benzyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2H-pyridazin-3-one (K-832), adsorbed onto silica mesopores. K-832-Sylysia 740 and K-832-Sylysia 350 formulations, prepared by adsorbing K-832 onto porous silica Sylysia 740 (2.5-nm-diameter pores) and Sylysia 350 (21-nm-diameter pores) and stored at 60°C/80%RH (open and closed conditions), were investigated.

Enhancement of dissolution rate and oral absorption of a poorly water-soluble drug, K-832, by adsorption onto porous silica using supercritical carbon dioxide.

The aim of this study was to enhance the dissolution rate and oral absorption of a poorly water-soluble drug, 2-benzyl-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2H-pyridazin-3-one (K-832) by adsorbing it onto the porous silica Sylysia 350 using supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)) as a solvent. K-832-silica formulations were prepared using scCO(2) or dichloromethane (DCM) as the solvent (K-832-silica scCO(2) and K-832-silica DCM). Scanning electron microscopy, polarizing microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffraction observations revealed that in both formulations, K-832 existed mainly in an amorphous state.

Preparation and properties of carrageenan microspheres containing allopurinol and local anesthetic agents for the treatment of oral mucositis.

For the treatment of oral mucositis, carrageenan microspheres containing allopurinol and local anesthetic agents, such as lidocaine hydrochloride, dibucaine hydrochloride and tetracaine hydrochloride were prepared using a spray-drying method. As base materials, kappa-carrageenan and iota-carrageenan were evaluated, since carrageenan mitigates bitter taste of lidocaine hydrochloride, dibucaine hydrochloride and tetracaine hydrochloride. The microspheres were spherical and their average diameters were about 10 microm.

Evaluation of skin barrier function using direct current III: effects of electrode distance, boundary length and shape.

The objective of this study was to propose a suitable electrode disposition and shape for iontophoretic drug delivery systems in consideration of a reduction in skin barrier function and a distribution of current density. The reduction in barrier function was evaluated with our proposed method, which measured the resistance in the short term. The distribution was estimated using an electromagnetic waves analysis program.

Evaluation of skin barrier function using direct current II: effects of duty cycle, waveform, frequency and mode.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction in skin barrier function caused by pulsed iontophoresis by measuring resistance in the short term. Experiments under direct current (DC) and pulsed direct current (PDC) conditions were carried out using rat abdominal skin in vivo. The resistance was measured every 62.

Evaluation of skin barrier function using direct current I: effects of conductivity, voltage, distance between electrodes and electrode area.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the reduction in skin barrier function caused by direct current iontophoresis by measuring resistance in the short term. The experiments were carried out using rat abdominal skin in vivo. The resistance was measured every 125 ms and analyzed using a two-compartment model consisting of surface and skin resistance.

Transdermal delivery of indomethacin by iontophoresis.

The objective of this study was to construct a modified equation for the delivery of a drug by iontophoresis. Indomethacin was selected as a model since it has been widely used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for external pharmaceutical preparations. The experiments were performed under a constant current in vivo using rat abdominal skin, and the plasma concentration was monitored by HPLC.